Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis
| Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis on Arabidopsis thaliana | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Chromalveolata |
| Phylum: | Heterokontophyta |
| Class: | Oomycetes |
| Order: | Peronosporales |
| Family: | Peronosporaceae |
| Genus: | Hyaloperonospora |
| Species: | H. arabidopsidis |
| Binomial name | |
| Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (Gäum.) Göker, Riethm., Voglmayr, Weiß & Oberw., 2004 | |
Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis is a species from the family Peronosporaceae. It is an obligate parasite and the causal agent of the downy mildew of the plant model organism Arabidopsis thaliana.[1] While H. arabidopsidis has for a long time been subsumed under Peronospora parasitica (now Hyaloperonospora parasitica), recent studies have shown that H. parasitica is restricted to Capsella bursa-pastoris as a host plant. Like the other Hyaloperonospora species, H. arabidopsidis is highly specialized, and it is so far known with certainty only from Arabidopsis thaliana as a host plant. Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis encodes 10 different noncytotoxic NLPs (HaNLPs) that do not cause necrosis. We discovered that these noncytotoxic NLPs, however, act as potent activators of the plant immune system in Arabidopsis thaliana. Ectopic expression of HaNLP3 in Arabidopsis triggered resistance to H. arabidopsidis, activated the expression of a large set of defense-related genes, and caused a reduction of plant growth that is typically associated with strongly enhanced immunity. N- and C-terminal deletions of HaNLP3, as well as amino acid substitutions, pinpointed to a small central region of the protein that is required to trigger immunity, indicating the protein acts as a microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP).[2][3][4]
References
- ↑ Schlaich, N.L.; Slusarenko, A. (2009), "Downy mildew of Arabidopsis caused by Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis (formerly Hyaloperonospora parasitica)", in Lamour, K.; Kamoun, S., Oomycete genetics and genomics, Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 263–285, ISBN 978-0-470-25567-4
- ↑ Van den Ackerveken, Guido; Oome, Stan; Raaymakers, Tom; Cabral, Adriana; Samwel, Simon; Boehm, Hannah; Albert, Isabell; Nuernberger, Thorsten (November 2014). "Nep1-like proteins from three kingdoms of life act as a microbe-associated molecular pattern in Arabidopsis". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 111 (47): 16955–16960. doi:10.1073/pnas.1410031111. PMID 25368167.
- ↑ Göker, M.; Voglmayr, H.; Riethmüller, A.; Weiß, M.; Oberwinkler, F. (2004), "Phylogeny of Hyaloperonospora based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer sequences", Mycological Progress 3 (2): 83–94, doi:10.1007/s11557-006-0079-7
- ↑ Göker, M.; García-Blázquez, G.; Voglmayr, H.; Oberwinkler, F. (2009), "Species delimitation in downy mildews: the case of Hyaloperonospora in the light of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and large subunit sequences", Mycological Research (2004) 113 (Pt 3): 308–325, doi:10.1016/j.mycres.2008.11.006, PMID 19061957
Further Reading
Pel, Michiel J. C.; Wintermans, Paul C. A.; Cabral, Adriana; Robroek, Bjorn J. M.; Seidl, Michael F.; Bautor, Jaqueline; Parker, Jane E.; Van den Ackerveken, Guido; Pieterse, Corné M. J.; Vinatzer, Boris A. (6 November 2014). "Functional Analysis of Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis RXLR Effectors". PLoS ONE 9 (11): e110624. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110624.
Marco, Francisco; Buso, Enrique; Carrasco, Pedro. "Overexpression of SAMDC1 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana increases expression of defense-related genes as well as resistance to Pseudomonas syringae and Hyaloperonospora arabidopsidis". Frontiers in Plant Science. FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION.