Hydrogen bromine battery
A Hydrogen bromine battery is a rechargeable flow battery that reacts liquid bromine with hydrogen gas to generate electricity. The battery relies on laminar flow to separate the two materials instead of a membrane. Bromine is relatively inexpensive, with more than 243,000 tons produced annually in the U.S. Operation without a membrane reduces cost and increases battery lifetime.[1][2]
The first such battery pumped bromine over a graphite cathode and hydrobromic acid under a porous anode, along with hydrogen gas. The device operated at room temperature with a maximum power density of 0.795 watts of per square cubic centimeter. Observed performance matched the predictions of a mathematical model that described the chemical reactions.
Applications
Low-cost energy storage is required to enable renewable energy sources with varying and even intermittent output, such as solar and wind power. The storage buffers the varying output of the renewable source, allowing such sources to be considered baseline power. Among the disadvantages of a H2-Br2 flow battery are low energy density (less than that of lithium-ion batteries) and significant safety concerns. These drawbacks prevent the use of H2-Br2 flow batteries in transportation applications. The next stage in the development of hydrogen-bromine flow battery is hydrogen-bromate flow battery. [3]
"Performance Evaluation of a Regenerative Hydrogen-Bromine Fuel Cell", Haley Kreutzer, Venkata Yarlagadda and Trung Van Nguyen, J. Electrochem. Soc. 2012 volume 159, issue 7, F331-F337
References
- ↑ "New rechargeable flow battery enables cheaper, large-scale energy storage". KurzweilAI. doi:10.1038/ncomms3346. Retrieved 2013-12-27.
- ↑ Braff, W. A.; Bazant, M. Z.; Buie, C. R. (2013). "Membrane-less hydrogen bromine flow battery". Nature Communications 4. doi:10.1038/ncomms3346.
[3] http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10008-015-2805-z