Inspectorates-General (Turkey)

Inspectorates-General[1] or General Inspectorates[2] (Turkish: Umumi Müfettişlikler) was a regional governorship whose authorities prevailed over civilian, military and judicial institutions under their domain[1] of the direct command of Mustafa Kemal[2] in order to establishing authoritarian rule[1] and to consolidate the authority in the process of Turkification of religious and ethnic minorities.[3]

The Turkish Grand National Assembly got the law numbered 1164 and dated June 25, 1927, passed. On January 1, 1928, the First Inspectorate-General (Birinci Umumi Müfettişlik) including Diyarbakır, Elazığ, Urfa, Bitlis, Van, Hakkâri, Siirt ve Mardin provinces, was established with the center in Diyarbakır.[4]

Before Thrace pogroms, on February 19, 1934, the Second Inspectorate-General (İkinci Umumi Müfettişlik) including Kırklareli, Edirne, Tekirdağ and Çanakkale provinces, was established with the center in Edirne[5]

On August 25, 1935, the Third Inspectorate-General (Üçüncü Umumi Müfettişlik) including Ağrı, Kars, Artvin, Rize, Trabzon, Gümüşhne, Erzincan and Erzurum provinces, was established with the center in Erzurum.[6][7]

Before Dersim Rebellion, on June 6, 1936, the Fourth Inspectorate-General (Dördüncü Umumi Müffetişlik) was established in historical Dersim region that includes Tunceli, Elazığ and Bingöl provinces, with the center in Elazığ.[5]

Sources

  1. 1 2 3 Soner Çaǧaptay, Islam, Secularism, and Nationalism in Modern Turkey: Who is a Turk?, Taylor & Francis, 2006, ISBN 978-0-415-38458-2, pp. 47-48.
  2. 1 2 Hamit Bozarslan, "Emergency of Kurdish Nationalism and struggle in the late Ottoman Empire", The Cambridge history of Turkey: Turkey in the modern world, Cambridge University Press, 2008, ISBN 978-0-521-62096-3, p. 342.
  3. ↑ Cemil Koçak, Umumi Müfettişlikler (1927-1952), İletişim Yayınları, 2003, ISBN 978-975-05-0129-6, p. 144. (Turkish)
  4. ↑ Birinci Genel Müfettişlik Bölgesi, Güney Doğu, İstanbul, p. 66. (Turkish)
  5. 1 2 Birinci Genel Müfettişlik Bölgesi, ibid, p. 66, 194. (Turkish)
  6. ↑ Cumhuriyet, August 26, 1935. (Turkish)
  7. ↑ Erdal Aydoğan, "Üçüncü Umumi Müffetişliği'nin Kurulması ve III. Umumî Müffetiş Tahsin Uzer'in Bazı Önemli Faaliyetleri", Atatürk Yolu, Ankara Üniversitesi Türk İnkılâp Tarihi Enstitüsü, Vol. 33-34, pp. 1-14. (Turkish)

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