International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

International reaction to the 2014 Crimean crisis according to official governmental statements.[nb 1] ----
  Statements only voicing concern or hope for peaceful resolution to the conflict
  Support for Ukrainian territorial integrity
  Condemnation of Russian actions
  Condemnation of Russian actions as a military intervention or invasion
  Support for Russian actions and/or condemnation of the Ukrainian interim government
  "Recognition of Russian and other interests"
----
  Ukraine
  Russia

International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation have almost always been condemnatory of Russia's decision to intervene, supportive of Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity, while also supportive of finding a quick end to the crisis.[1] The United States and the European Union threatened and later enacted sanctions against Russia for its role in the crisis, and urged Russia to withdraw.[2] Russia has accused the United States and the EU of funding and directing the revolution[3][4] and retaliated to the sanctions by imposing its own.

Supranational bodies

UN Security Council vote on a draft resolution condemning the 2014 Crimean referendum. ----
  Voted in favor of resolution
  Abstained
  Vetoed resolution
Results of the United Nations General Assembly vote about the territorial integrity of Ukraine.
  In favor   Against   Abstentions   Absent   Non-members

UN member and observer states

On March 4, China's president Xi Jinping, in a telephone conversation with Vladimir Putin, expressed his confidence in Putin's ability to reach a political solution through negotiations with all involved parties. He stated that China supports the propositions and mediation efforts of the international community towards easing the situation.[46]
On 21 November, the acting director of the Chinese Foreign Ministry’s European-Central Asian Affairs department, Gui Congyou, told Russian media: "We are against any nationality gaining independence through referendums. As far as Crimea is concerned, it has very special features. We know well the history of Crimea’s affiliation. … China reacts with full understanding to the challenges and threats Russia has faced in connection with the Ukrainian issue and supports Moscow’s approach to its settlement."[47]
On 11 March the President further stated that "The failure of the international community to punish Russia for its 2008 invasion of Georgia has let Moscow think it can get away with seizing Ukraine's Crimea region".[59]
On 6 March, the parliament of Georgia adopted the resolution on supporting sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine and strongly condemned forceful actions against sovereign Ukraine by the Russian Federation as well as all other actions carried out in violation of basic principles of international law. The resolution emphasized that "the recent aggressive acts of the Russian Federation against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, including the use of military units on the territory of Ukraine in violation of provisions of the bilateral agreements and the threat of large scale military aggression, pose a serious threat not only to friendly Ukraine, but also to Georgia and the entire Europe."[60]
On 11 December 2014 Crimean Head of the Republic Sergey Aksyonov signed a memorandum of cooperation between the Republic of Crimea and "Indian business people" during his first foreign visit.[74] In response (to this visit) Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko remarked that (by allowing this visit) India was standing aside from "the rest of the civilization" and had "more attention to money" then "the value" of Aksyonov's visit.[74]
Foreign Minister Edgars Rinkēvičs said, "The Crimea scenario resembles the occupation of the Baltic states by the USSR in 1940. History repeats itself, first as tragedy, second as farce."[89]
28 Aug 2014, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Statement: "Latvia condemns the invasion of Ukrainian territory by armed forces of the Russian Federation. This represents open aggression against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine and undermines the fundamental principles of international law."[90]
President Dalia Grybauskaitė said that Russia was dangerous. "After Ukraine will be Moldova, and after Moldova will be different countries. They are trying to rewrite the borders after the Second World War in Europe."[89]
On 6 March 2014, Poland's Minister of Defence Tomasz Siemoniak announced the arrival of 12 American F-16 fighter jets with 300 personnel per Poland's request at NATO, which was granted by the Secretary of Defense Chuck Hagel. The situation in Ukraine, he said at a press conference, is extremely serious. The changing of guaranteed borders is not acceptable, neither is the blocking of the OBWE observers in Crimea. The F-16 aviation detachment AvDet is scheduled to station at the Air Force bases in Łask and Powidz.[106] Poland's President Bronisław Komorowski visited the Air Force base in Łask with Siemoniak on Tuesday 11 March 2014 and pronounced the urgent necessity for further military spending on the multi-purpose F-16 programme.[107] Polish Prime Minister Donald Tusk called for change in EU energy policy as Germany's dependence on Russian gas poses risks for Europe.[108] On 11 March 2014 Tusk announced that the current situation in Crimea is only a phase in an ongoing crisis, but Poland cannot accept the territorial disintegration of sovereign Ukraine.[109] On August 29 Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs officially recognized "offensive action of the Russian armed forces in the southern regions of Donetsk oblast, in particular in the vicinity of the town of Nowoazowsk" as an aggression by international law.[110]
On 2 March 2014, British Prime Minister David Cameron announced that government officials were planning to boycott the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi in response to the situation in Crimea, while Prince Edward cancelled plans to travel to Sochi for the Games "on the advice of government." These decisions will not affect Great Britain's participation in the Games.[129] Cameron also said "No amount of sham and perverse democratic process or skewed historical references can make up for the fact that this is an incursion into a sovereign state and a land grab of part of its territory with no respect for the law of that country or for international law."[130]
U.S. President Barack Obama speaks with Russian President Vladimir Putin on the telephone in the Oval Office, 1 March
President Barack Obama talks with Prime Minister Arseniy Yatsenyuk at the conclusion of their bilateral meeting in the Oval Office, March 12, 2014.
Ukraine-honoring display in the New York City, 4/8/2014, on second avenue by St Marks Place, near the Ukrainian National Home
On 1 March, Obama held a phone conversation with Putin and said that the Russian invasion was a "violation of Ukrainian sovereignty and territorial integrity ... [and a] breach of international law." He warned of "greater political and economic isolation" and threatened to withdraw the United States from the 40th G8 summit chaired by Russia.[132]
Secretary of State John Kerry then labeled and condemned Russia's "invasion" of Ukraine on March 2 in an interview for Face the Nation. He called it an "incredible act of aggression," and said that "you just don't in the 21st century behave in 19th century fashion by invading another country on completely trumped up pretext."[133]
On 3 March, National Security Council spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden announced that the United States would not send a presidential delegation to the 2014 Winter Paralympics in Sochi (which was to be led by Tammy Duckworth), "in addition to other measures we are taking in response to the situation in Ukraine." As with the British boycott effort, it will not affect the country's participation in the Games themselves.[134]
On 6 March, Obama signed Executive Order 13660, Blocking Property of Certain Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine, authorizing sanctions against persons who, being determined by the Secretary of the Treasury in consultation with the Secretary of State, have violated or assisted in the violation of Ukraine's sovereignty.[135][136]
On 17 March, Obama signed Executive Order 13661, Blocking Property of Additional Persons Contributing to the Situation in Ukraine, which expanded the scope of the previous sanctions imposed by EO 13660, to include the freezing of certain Russian government officials' assets in the US and blocking their entry into the US.[137]
The 113th United States Congress considered several different pieces of legislation that would offer the Ukraine different levels of loan guarantees, aid, and apply sanctions "against anyone deemed by the president to have undermined Ukraine's security or independence, or to have engaged in corruption in Ukraine or Russia."[138] Those bills included the bill To provide for the costs of loan guarantees for Ukraine (H.R. 4152; 113th Congress), the Support for the Sovereignty, Integrity, Democracy, and Economic Stability of Ukraine Act of 2014 (S. 2124; 113th Congress), and the Ukraine Support Act (H.R. 4278; 113th Congress).[139][140][141] All three bills were introduced and considered in March 2014.
On 3 April, the United States Energy Department informed the Russian state-run nuclear corporation Rosatom on suspension of several peaceful atom cooperation projects.[142]

Joint statements

 Lithuania /  Poland – Presidents of the two countries called for NATO consultations in accordance with Article 4 of its treaty[150][151] claiming Russia was executing military maneuvers in Kaliningrad, close to both their borders.[152]

Partially recognized states

Non-governmental political parties

Russian diaspora

On April 14, 2014, a group of Estonian Russophone social activists published an address titled "Memorandum 14"[168] in response to the situation in Ukraine. By the morning of April 20 Memorandum was signed by 779 persons.[169] The Memorandum basically stated that the signatories do not need any protection from the outside and do not support separatist statements made in the name of the Estonian Russophone community.

Others

The International Workers' Association, an international group of anarcho-syndicalists, released a statement on behalf of its Russian section, that was also endorsed by other "internationalists" in Ukraine, Moldova, the United States and elsewhere, that condemned the crisis as a conflict between two "imperialist cliques" and concluded: "We will not succumb to nationalist intoxication. To hell with their state and 'nations,' [sic] their flags and offices! This is not our war, and we should not go on it, paying with our blood their palaces, [sic] bank accounts and the pleasure to sit in soft chairs of authorities. And if the bosses in Moscow, Kiev, Lviv, Kharkiv, Donetsk and Simferopol start this war, our duty is to resist it by all available means!"[170]

See also

Notes

  1. If an official position can be sorted in more than one category, the "strongest" position was marked (from the "call for a peaceful resolution" to "interpretation as a military intervention" consecutively). For the sources see the image description.

References

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  150. Lithuanian and Polish presidents call for NATO treaty Article 4 consultations | The Lithuania TribuneThe Lithuania Tribune
  151. "Rolą Polski wskazywanie, że Rosja łamie prawo międzynarodowe" / Wydarzenia / Aktualności / Oficjalna strona Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
  152. Lietuvos pašonėje – didelės Rusijos pajėgų pratybos | VilniausDiena.lt
  153. http://agenda.ge/news/10760/eng
  154. http://armenianow.com/commentary/analysis/52730/armenia_crimea_referendum_vote_russia
  155. The Republic of Kosovo condemns the occupation of Ukrainian territory - News - Ministry of Foreign Affairs - Kosovo
  156. Commentary of the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Republic of South Ossetia | Министерство иностранных дел
  157. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan) 中華民國外交部
  158. BBC News - Moldova's Trans-Dniester region pleads to join Russia
  159. www.liberal-international.org
  160. Rivals for European Commission presidential role clash over Ukraine | euronews, world news
  161. A united diplomatic response to Russia is needed immediately
  162. President Putin! Do not start a war in Ukraine! | Press Release | EPP Group in the European Parliament
  163. For a peaceful solution of the crisis in Ukraine | International Union of Socialist Youth
  164. http://www.pes.eu/en/news/tension-ukraine-must-be-defused-immediately-and-all-acts-violence-and-aggression-must-stop
  165. Swoboda on Crimea crisis: "Dialogue with Russia must be maintained at all costs" | Socialists & Democrats
  166. European Greens stand in solidarity with Ukraine against Russian aggression | European Greens
  167. http://www.idu.org/contentdoc/SDS140227.pdf
  168. http://petitsioon.ee/memorandum-14 MEMORANDUM 14
  169. WAR ON WAR! NOT A SINGLE DROP A BLOOD FOR THE “NATION”! | International Workers Association
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