Introducing... and ...For Beginners book series
Country |
England United States |
---|---|
Language | English |
Publisher |
Writers and Readers Publishing Cooperative Writers and Readers Publishing, Inc. For Beginners, LLC |
Published | 1975–present |
Media type | Paperback |
Country | England |
---|---|
Language | English |
Publisher | Icon Books |
Published | 1992–present |
Media type | Paperback |
Preceded by | ... For Beginners |
The Introducing... series and the ...For Beginners series are two book series of graphic guides covering key thinkers and topics in philosophy, psychology and science, and many others in politics, religion, cultural studies, linguistics and other areas. Books are written by an expert in the field and illustrated, comic-book style, by a leading graphic artist.
Background
The two series have their origins in two Spanish-language books, Cuba para principiantes (1960) and Marx para principiantes (1972) by the Mexican political cartoonist and writer Rius, pocket books which put their content over in a humorous comic strip way but with a serious underlying purpose. An English-language version of the first book was published in 1970 by Leviathan Press of San Francisco and Pathfinder Press of New York, to no particularly great impact. However, when Richard Appignanesi edited the first English edition of Marx for Beginners (1976) for the London-based Writers and Readers Publishing Cooperative, of which he was a co-founding member of with Glenn Thompson and others, it was soon clear that the collective had a hit on their hands.[1][2] With a successful format identified, further "... for Beginners" titles soon began to appear.
A schism developed at the start of the 1980s, and the Writers and Readers Cooperative broke up in 1984. Glenn Thompson, shuttling between the UK and the USA, formed two new companies, Writers and Readers Limited[3] in London, and Writers and Readers Publishing, Inc., in New York. Under these company names, Thompson continued the ... For Beginners series, in several cases commissioning new authors to create replacement books for those being published in Britain.
In 1992, Appignanesi, who had been the first editor for the series and had also written several of the titles, joined the new London-based publisher Icon Books as a co-founder, under whose imprint he re-published several of the titles and continued to publish and expand a British version of the series. This led to a number of examples where the two ranges were publishing two different books on the same subject, each with exactly the same title. (Examples of this include books on Jacques Derrida and quantum theory.)
Not all international versions were affected by the split. The Argentinian publisher Era Naciente managed to stay on good terms with both sides, continuing to translate titles from both ranges into their Spanish-language series Libros para Principiantes alongside their own original commissions.[4][5]
In 2001, Glenn Thompson died[6] and most of the ... For Beginner titles went out of print. In 2007, a consortium of investors formed For Beginners, LLC—they revived the series, reprinted back issues, and promised to publish between six and nine new issues each year.
Books in the ...For Beginners series
Frequent contributors to the Writers and Readers' ... For Beginners titles include cartoonists Donald D. Palmer, writers David Cogswell and Jim Powell; and illustrators Phil Evans, Joe Lee, Borin Van Loon, and Susan Willmarth. The line's most enduring titles are Marx for Beginners (1976), Freud for Beginners (1979), Einstein for Beginners (1979), and Darwin for Beginners (1982).[7]
Title | ISBN | Writer(s) | Illustrator | Pages | Publication Date | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
African History | 978-0-86316-144-5 | Herb Boyd | Shey Wolvek-Pfister | 128 | 1991 | |
Anarchism | 978-1-934389-32-4 | Marcos Mayer | Hector A. Sanguillano | 176 | 2008 | |
Arabs and Israel | 978-0-86316-161-2 | Ron David | Susan David | 224 | 1993 | |
Art Theory[8] | 978-1-934389-47-8 | Richard Osborne | Dan Sturgis | 192 | 2009 | |
Astronomy | 978-0-86316-999-1 | Jeff Becan | Sarah Becan | 152 | 2004 | |
Ayn Rand[9] | 978-1-934389-37-9 | Andrew Bernstein | Owen Brozman | 112 | Aug 2009 | |
Barack Obama[10][11][12][13] | 978-1-934389-44-7 | Bob Neer | Joe Lee | 128 | 2009 | |
Ben Franklin | 978-1-934389-48-5 | Tim E. Ogline | Tim E. Ogline | 160 | 2013 | |
Black History | 978-1-934389-19-5 | Denise Dennis | Susan Willmarth | 192 | 1984 | |
Black Holocaust | 978-1-934389-03-4 | S.E. Anderson | Vanessa Holley | 192 | 1995 | |
Black Women | 978-0-86316-147-6 | S. Pearl Sharp | Beverly Hall | 192 | 1993 | |
Capitalism | 0-906495-50-4 | Robert Lekachman | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1981 | |
Chomsky | 978-0-86316-233-6 | David Cogswell | Paul Gordon | 160 | 1996 | |
Cuba | 978-0-904613-41-4 | Rius | Rius | 160 | 1975 | Translated from Cuba para principiantes (1960) |
Dada and Surrealism | 978-1-934389-00-3 | Elsa Bethanis, Peter Bethanis | Joe Lee | 128 | 2006 | |
Dante | 978-0-86316-280-0 | Joe Lee | Joe Lee | 180 | 1999 | |
Darwin | 978-1-84831-117-6 | Jonathan Miller | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1982 | Republished by Icon in 1992 |
Deconstruction[14] | 978-0-86316-998-4 | Jim Powell | Joe Lee | 168 | 2005 | |
Democracy[15] | 978-1-934389-36-2 | Robert Cavalier | Reuben Negrón | 128 | 2009 | |
Derrida | 978-0-86316-139-1 | Jim Powell | Van Howell | 192 | 1996 | Different from Derrida for Beginners (Icon, 1996) by Jeff Collins, Bill Mayblin, and Richard Appignanesi |
DNA | 978-0-86316-023-3 | Israel Rosenfield, Edward Ziff | Borin Van Loon | 224 | 1983 | |
Ecology | 978-0-906495-79-7 | Stephen Croall | William Rankin | 174 | 1981 | Republished by Icon in 1992 |
Eastern Philosophy | 978-0-86316-282-4 | Jim Powell | Joe Lee | 192 | 2000 | |
Economists | 978-0-906495-52-0 | Bernard Canavan | Bernard Canavan | 176 | 1983 | |
Einstein | 978-0-906386-05-7 | Joseph Schwartz | Michael McGuinness | 174 | 1979 | Republished by Icon in 1992 |
Elvis | 978-0-04-927011-4 | Jill Pearlman | Wayne White | 160 | 1986 | |
Existentialism[16][17] | 978-1-934389-21-8 | David Cogswell | Joe Lee | 192 | Oct 2008 | |
FDR and the New Deal | 978-1-934389-50-8 | Paul Buhle | Sabrina Jones | 176 | 2010 | |
Foucault[18] | 978-1-934389-12-6 | Lydia Alix Fillingham | Moshe Susser | 160 | 1993 | Different from Introducing Foucault (1997) by Chris Horrocks, Zoran Jevtic, and Richard Appignanesi |
Freud | 978-1-84046-851-9 | Richard Appignanesi | Oscar Zarate | 176 | 1979 | Republished as Introducing Freud (Icon, Sept. 2007) |
Gender & Sexuality | 978-1-934389-69-0 | Jaimee Garbacik | Jeffrey Lewis | 216 | 2013 | |
Gestalt | 978-0-863162-58-9 | Sergio Sinay | Pablo Blasberg | 176 | 1998 | |
Global Warming[19] | 978-1-934389-27-0 | Dean Goodwin | Joe Lee | 144 | Dec 2008 | |
Greek Mythology | 978-1-934389-83-6 | Joe Lee | Joe Lee | 196 | 2013 | |
Heidegger | 978-0-86316-172-8 | Eric Charles Lemay | Jennifer A. Pitts | 128 | 1994 | |
History of Cinema | 978-0-863162-75-6 | Jarek Kupść | Jarek Kupść | 382 | 1998 | |
History of Opera | 978-1-934389-80-5 | Ron David | Sara Woolley | 168 | 2013 | |
Jane Austen | 978-1-934389-61-4 | Robert Dryden | Joe Lee | 170 | 2011 | |
Jewish Holocaust | 978-0-86316-182-7 | Stuart Justman | Rebecca Shope | 120 | 1995 | |
Kierkegaard | 978-0-86316-192-6 | Donald D. Palmer | Donald D. Palmer | 160 | 1996 | |
Lacan | 978-0-86316-227-5 | Phillip Hill | David Leach | 176 | 1997 | Different from Introducing Lacan (Icon, 2000) by Darian Leader and Judy Groves |
Lenin | 978-0-904613-67-4 | Richard Appignanesi | Oscar Zárate | 172 | 1977 | |
Linguistics | 978-1-934389-28-7 | W. Terrence Gordon | Susan Willmarth | 128 | 2008 | |
London | 0-86316-078-6 | Nita Clarke | Phil Evans | 176 | 1984 | "A political history of London" |
Malcolm X | 978-0-86316-146-9 | Bernard Aquina Doctor | Bernard Aquina Doctor | 192 | 1992 | |
Marx | 978-0-846702-70-2 | Rius | Rius | 156 | 1976 | Translated from Marx para principiantes (1972) |
Marx's Kapital | 978-0-906495-82-7 | David N. Smith | Phil Evans | 192 | 1982 | |
McLuhan | 978-0-86316-231-2 | W. Terrence Gordon | Susan Willmarth | 176 | 1997 | |
Muhammed | 978-1-84831-084-1 | Ziauddin Sardar | Zafar Abbas Malik | 176 | 1994 | Simultaneously published as Introducing Muhammed (Icon, 1994) and then republished as Introducing Islam (Icon, 2001) |
Nietzsche | 978-0-86316-118-6 | Marc Sautet | Patrick Boussignac | 192 | 1990 | Translated from the French Nietzsche pour débutants (1986) |
Nuclear Power | 978-0-906495-62-9 | Stephen Croall | Kaianders Sempler | 176 | 1985 | |
The Olympics | 978-1-934389-33-1 | Brandon Toropov | Joe Lee | 176 | Jun 2008 | |
Orwell | 978-0-86316-066-0 | David N. Smith | Michael Mosher | 192 | 1984 | |
Paul Robeson | 978-1-934389-81-2 | Paul Von Blum, Elizabeth Von Notias | Ramsess | 144 | 2013 | |
Philosophy | 978-0-86316-157-5 | Richard Osborne | Ralph Edney | 192 | 1992 | Different from Introducing Philosophy (Icon, Sept. 2007) by Dave Robinson and Judy Groves |
Picasso | 978-1-874166-29-0 | Andrew Brighton | Andrzej Klimowski | 171 | Feb 1992 | |
Plato | 978-0-86316-039-4 | Robert Cavalier | Eric Lurio | 160 | 1990 | |
Poetry | 978-1-934389-46-1 | Margaret Chapman, Kathleen Welton | Reuben Negrón | 160 | 2010 | |
Postmodernism | 978-0-86316-188-9 | Jim Powell | Joe Lee | 163 | 1998 | Different from Introducing Postmodernism (Icon, Sept. 2007) by Richard Appignanesi, Chris Garratt, Ziauddin Sardar, and Patrick Curry |
Psychiatry | 978-0-863161-66-7 | David Brizer | Ricardo Castañeda | 176 | 1993 | |
Relativity and Quantum Physics | 978-1-934389-42-3 | Steven L. Manly | Steven Fournier | 144 | Nov 2009 | Different from Quantum Theory for Beginners (Icon, 1996) by J.P. McEvoy & Oscar Zárate |
Rudolf Steiner and Anthroposophy | 978-0-863162-86-2 | Lia Tummer | Horacio Lato | 192 | May 2001 | |
Sartre | 978-0-86316-177-3 | Donald D. Palmer | Donald D. Palmer | 160 | 1995 | |
Shakespeare[20] | 978-0-86316-228-2 | Brandon Toropov | Joe Lee | 224 | 1997 | |
Structuralism and Poststructuralism | 978-0-86316-193-3 | Donald D. Palmer | Donald D. Palmer | 160 | 1995 | |
Trotsky | 978-0-906495-28-5 | Tariq Ali | Phil Evans | 176 | 1980 | |
U.S. Constitution | 978-0-86316-126-1 | Steven Bachman | Joel Pett | 172 | 1984 | Re-issued in 2012 with art by Jorge Díaz |
Unions | 978-1-934389-77-5 | David Cogswell | C.M. Butzer | 168 | 2012 | |
Women's History | 978-1-934389-60-7 | Bonnie J. Morris | Phil Evans | 200 | 2012 | |
Zen | 978-0-86316-117-9 | Judith Blackstone, Zoran Josipovic | Donald D. Palmer | 176 | 1985 | |
Zinn | 978-1-934389-40-9 | David Cogswell | Joe Lee | 176 | Aug 2009 |
Books in the Introducing... series
The Icon Books series debuted in 1992 with five ... For Beginner titles: two originals (Feminism and Jung) and three reprints of Writers and Readers books (Darwin, Ecology, and Einstein). One of the more notable Icon Books titles was Kafka for Beginners (1993), by David Zane Mairowitz and famed cartoonist Robert Crumb.
After producing more ... For Beginner titles throughout the 1990s, the situation was eventually resolved in 1999 by the Icon series being rebranded as the Introducing... series, with titles starting with that word instead of ending "for beginners".
Beginning in 2008, Icon's new titles and reissues played down the "Introducing..." to the level of a series name, and the titles were instead prominently subtitled "A Graphic Guide."
Frequent contributors to the Icon Press titles include writers Richard Appignanesi, Nigel Benson, Dave Robinson, and Ziauddin Sardar; and illustrators Ralph Edney, Chris Garratt, Judy Groves, Bill Mayblin, Piero, Borin Van Loon, and Oscar Zárate.
Title | ISBN | Writer(s) | Artist(s) | Pages | Publication Date | Previously published as... |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aesthetics | 978-1-84831-167-1 | Christopher Kul-Want | Piero | 176 | 2010 | |
Alain Badiou | 978-1-84831-665-2 | Michael J. Kelly | Piero | 176 | 2014 | |
Anthropology | 978-1-84831-168-8 | Merryl Wyn Davies | Piero | 176 | 2010 | |
Aristotle | 978-1-874166-36-8 | Rupert Woodfin | Judy Groves | 176 | 1996 | Baudrillard for Beginners |
Artificial Intelligence | 978-1-84831-214-2 | Henry Brighton | Howard Selina | 176 | 2012 | |
Barthes | 978-1-84831-204-3 | Philip Thody | Piero | 176 | 2011 | |
Baudrillard | 978-1-874166-36-8 | Chris Horrocks | Zoran Jevtic | 176 | 1996 | Baudrillard for Beginners |
Bertrand Russell | 978-1-84831-302-6 | Dave Robinson | Judy Groces | 176 | 2011 | |
Buddha | 978-1-84831-011-7 | Jane Hope | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1994 | Buddha for Beginners |
Camus | 978-1-84046-000-1 | David Mariowitz | Alain Korkos | 176 | 1998 | |
Capitalism | 978-1-84831-055-1 | Dan Cryan, Sharron Shatil | Piero | 176 | Apr 2009 | |
Chaos | 978-1-84831-013-1 | Ziauddin Sardar | Iwona Abrams | 176 | 2004 | |
Consciousness | 978-1-84046-115-2 | David Papineau | Howard Selina | 176 | 2000 | |
Critical Theory | 978-1-84831-059-9 | Stuart Sim | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 2001 | |
Cultural Studies | 978-1-84046-074-2 | Ziauddin Sardar | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1997 | Cultural Studies for Beginners |
Darwin | 978-1-84831-117-6 | Jonathan Miller | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1992 | Darwin for Beginners (Writers and Readers, 1982) |
Derrida | 978-1-874166-38-2 | Jeff Collins | Bill Mayblin | 172 | 1996 | Derrida for Beginners (distinct from Derrida for Beginners by Jim Powell & Van Howell, Writers and Readers, 1997) |
Eastern Philosophy | 978-1-84046-150-3 | Richard Osborne | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 2000 | Ancient Eastern Philosophy for Beginners (Icon, 1996) |
Ecology | 978-1-874166-03-0 | Stephen Croall | William Rankin | 174 | 1992 | Ecology for Beginners (Writers and Readers, 1981) |
Einstein | 978-1-874166-02-3 | Joseph Schwartz | Michael McGuinness | 174 | 1992 | Einstein for Beginners (Writers and Readers, 1979) |
Ethics | 978-1-84831-008-7 | Dave Robinson | Chris Garratt | 176 | 1996 | Ethics for Beginners |
Evolutionary Psychology | 978-1-84831-182-4 | Dylan Evans | Oscar Zárate | 176 | 1999 | |
Existentialism | 978-1-84046-266-1 | Richard Appignanesi | Oscar Zárate | 176 | 2001 | |
Feminism | 978-1-84831-121-3 | Cathia Jenainati | Judy Groves | 176 | 2007 | |
Feminism | 978-1-874166-04-7 | Susan Alice Watkins | Marisa Rueda, Marta Rodriguez | 176 | 1992 | Feminism for Beginners |
Foucault | 978-1-84831-060-5 | Christopher Horrocks | Zoran Jevtic | 176 | 2004 | |
Fractals | 978-1-84831-087-2 | Nigel Lesmoir-Gordon, Will Rood | Ralph Edney | 176 | 2000 | Introducing Fractal Geometry |
Freud | 978-1-84046-851-9 | Richard Appignanesi | Oscar Zárate | 176 | Sep 2007 | Freud for Beginners (Writers and Readers, 1979) |
Genetics | 978-1-84831-295-1 | Steve Jones | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 2011 | |
Hinduism | 978-1-84831-114-5 | Vinay Lal | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 2001 | |
Islam | 978-1-84831-084-1 | Ziauddin Sardar | Zafar Abbas Malik | 176 | 2001 | Muhammed for Beginners (Writers and Readers, 1994) Introducing Muhammad (1994) |
Kafka | 978-1-84046-122-0 | David Zane Mairowitz | Robert Crumb | 176 | 1993 | Kafka for Beginners |
Jung | 978-1-84831-010-0 | Maggie Hyde | Michael McGuinness | 176 | 1992 | Jung for Beginners |
Keynesian Economics | 978-1-84046-157-2 | Peter Pugh | Chris Garratt | 176 | 1993 | Keynes for Beginners |
Lacan | 978-1-84046-168-8 | Darian Leader | Judy Groves | 176 | 2000 | |
Linguistics | 978-1-84831-088-9 | R. L. Trask | Bill Mayblin | 176 | 2000 | |
Logic | 978-1-84831-012-4 | Dan Cryan, Sharron Shatil | Bill Mayblin | 176 | 2001 | |
Marxism | 978-1-84831-058-2 | Rupert Woodfin | Oscar Zárate | 176 | 2004 | |
Mathematics | 978-1-84046-011-7 | Ziauddin Sardar | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1999 | |
Media Studies | 978-1-84046-114-5 | Ziauddin Sardar | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 2000 | |
Mind & Brain | 978-1-84046-854-0 | Angus Gellatly | Oscar Zárate | 176 | 1998 | Mind & Brain for Beginners |
Modernism | 978-1-84831-116-9 | Chris Rodrigues | Chris Garratt | 176 | 2001 | |
Nietzsche | 978-1-84831-009-4 | Laurence Gane | Piero | 176 | 2005 | |
Philosophy | 978-1-84046-853-3 | Dave Robinson | Judy Groves | 176 | Sep 2007 | |
Political Philosophy | 978-1-84046-450-4 | Dave Robinson | Judy Groves | 176 | 2003 | |
Postmodernism | 978-1-84046-849-6 | Richard Appignanesi, Chris Garratt, Ziauddin Sardar | Patrick Curry | 192 | Sep 2007 | |
Psychiatry | 978-1-84046-537-2 | Nigel C. Benson | Piero | 176 | 2004 | |
Psychology | 978-1-84046-852-6 | Nigel C. Benson | Nigel C. Benson | 176 | 1998 | Psychology for Beginners |
Psychotherapy | 978-1-84046-441-2 | Nigel C. Benson | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 2003 | |
Quantum Theory | 978-1-84046-850-2 | J.P. McEvoy | Oscar Zárate | 176 | 1996 | Quantum Theory for Beginners |
Relativity | 978-1-84831-057-5 | Bruce Bassett | Ralph Edney | 176 | 2002 | |
Science Studies | 978-1-84046-358-3 | Ziauddin Sardar | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1998 | |
Shakespeare | 978-1-84831-115-2 | Nick Groom | Piero | 176 | 2001 | |
Slavoj Žižek | 978-1-84831-057-5 | Christopher Kul-Want | Piero | 176 | Nov 2011 | |
Sociology | 978-1-84831-085-8 | Richard Osborne | Borin Van Loon | 176 | 1996 | Sociology for Beginners |
Statistics | 978-1-84831-056-8 | Eileen Magnello | Borin Van Loon | 176 | Sep 2009 | |
Stephen Hawking | 978-1-84831-094-0 | J.P. McEvoy | Oscar Zárate | 176 | 1995 | Stephen Hawking for Beginners |
Time | 978-1-84831-120-6 | Craig Callender | Ralph Edney | 176 | 2001 | |
Trotsky | 978-1-84046-001-8 | Tariq Ali | Phil Evans | 176 | 1998 | Trotsky for Beginners (Writers and Readers, 1998) |
Walter Benjamin | 978-1-84831-692-8 | Howard Caygill, Alex Coles, | Andrzej Klimowski | 176 | 2014 | |
Wittgenstein | 978-1-84831-086-5 | John M. Heaton | Judy Groves | 176 | 1994 | Wittgenstein for Beginners |
See also
References
- ↑ The history of Introducing books, introducingbooks.com. Accessed 2011-01-29.
- ↑ Our Story, For Beginners books. Accessed 2011-01-29.
- ↑ "Writers and Readers Limited," DueDil.com Accessed Jan. 12, 2015.
- ↑ David, Ron. "Writers & Readers' Beginners Books,", RonDavid.net. [dead link]
- ↑ Libros para Principiantes website (Spanish) Era Naciente. Accessed Jan. 12, 2015.
- ↑ Berger, John and Busby, Margaret. "Glenn Thompson: A pioneering black publisher, he saw books as a window for opening the minds of the oppressed," The Guardian (Sept. 12, 2001).
- ↑ MacDonald, H. (2003), "Pantheon re-offers 'for beginners' series," Publishers Weekly, 250(51), 26.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (24 September 2009). "Art Theory For Beginners Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (9 July 2009). "Ayn Rand For Beginners Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (18 August 2008). "Barack Obama For Beginners: An Essential Guide Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Gardner, Jan (20 July 2008). "Barack Barage". The Boston Globe (Boston). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Gordon, Jesse (November 2008). "Barack Obama For Beginners Book Review by OnTheIssues.org". On The Issues (Cambridge, MA). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Yau, Linda (15 September 2008). "Book Review: Barack Obama For Beginners". Lincoln Heights Literary Society (Washington). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (18 June 2009). "Deconstruction For Beginners Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (6 August 2009). "Democracy For Beginners Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (9 October 2009). "Existentialism For Beginners Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Dwyer, Tom (18 November 2008). "Dave Cogswell-Hoboken Writer Publishes New Book". River View Observer (Hudson County, NJ). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (12 March 2009). "Foucault For Beginners Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Cosentino, Teri (6 May 2009). "NSTA Recommends: Global Warming For Beginners". National Science Teachers Association (Arlington, VA). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
- ↑ Boslaugh, Sarah (23 April 2009). "Shakespeare For Beginners Review". Playback:stl (St. Louis). Retrieved 23 June 2010.
External links
- For Beginners Books
- Introducing Books
- Icon Books - Publishers of the Introducing Series