Iodoacetamide

Iodoacetamide
Names
IUPAC name
Iodoacetamide
Identifiers
144-48-9 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL276727 YesY
ChemSpider 3596 YesY
EC Number 205-630-1
6271
Jmol interactive 3D Image
PubChem 3727
RTECS number AC4200000
UNII ZRH8M27S79 YesY
Properties
C2H4INO
Molar mass 184.96 g·mol−1
Appearance white crystals (yellow colouration indicates the presence of iodine)
Melting point 94 °C (201 °F; 367 K)
Hazards
Safety data sheet brief MSDS, extended MSDS
NFPA 704
Flammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g., water Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g., calcium Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
0
3
1
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

2-Iodoacetamide is an alkylating agent used for peptide mapping purposes. Its actions are similar to those of iodoacetate. It is commonly used to bind covalently with the thiol group of cysteine so the protein cannot form disulfide bonds.[1][2] Also used in ubiquitin studies as an inhibitor of deubiquitinase enzymes (DUBs) because it alkylates the cysteine residues at the DUB active site.

Peptidase inhibitor

Iodoacetamide is an irreversible inhibitor of all cysteine peptidases, with the mechanism of inhibition occurring from alkylation of the catalytic cysteine residue (see schematic). In comparison with its acid derivative, iodoacetate, iodoacetamide reacts substantially more quickly. This observation appears contradictory to standard chemical reactivity, however the presence of a favourable interaction between the positive imidazolium ion of the catalytic histidine and the negatively charged carboxyl-group of the iodoacetate is the reason for the increased relative activity of iodoacetamide.[3]

Mechanism of irreversible inhibition of cysteine peptidases with iodoacetamide.

References

  1. ↑ Smythe CV (1936). "The reactions of Iodoacetate and of Iodoacetamide with various Sulfhydryl groups, with Urease, and with Yeast preparations" (PDF). J. Biol. Chem. 114 (3): 601–12.
  2. ↑ Anson ML (1940). "The reactions of Iodine and Iodoacetamide with native Egg Albumin". J. Gen. Physiol. 23 (3): 321–31. doi:10.1085/jgp.23.3.321. PMC 2237930. PMID 19873158.
  3. ↑ Polgar, L (1979). "Deuterium isotope effects on papain acylation. Evidence for lack of general base catalysis and for enzyme-leaving group. interaction". Eur. J. Biochem. 98 (2): 369–374. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb13196.x. PMID 488108.

External links

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