Ismaël Touré
| Ismaël Touré | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Minister of Public Works | |
|
In office 1957 – January 1963 | |
| Minister of Economic Development | |
|
In office January 1963 – May 1969 | |
| Succeeded by | Louis Lansana Beavogui |
| Minister of Economy and Finance | |
|
In office 1972 – March 1984 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
1926 Faranah, Guinea |
| Died |
8 July 1985 Guinea |
| Nationality | Guinean |
Ismaël Touré (1925/1926-8 July 1985) was a Guinean political figure and the half brother of former President Ahmed Sékou Touré. He was the chief prosecutor at the notorious Camp Boiro.[1]
Early career
Ismaël Touré was born in Faranah, Guinea in 1926.[1] He attended school in Paris, where he met and quarreled with his compatriot Boubacar Telli Diallo, who was later to die at Camp Boiro.[2] He was trained as a meteorologist.[3]
In 1956 he served on the local council in Kankan, where he was also head of the weather station and was elected as a territorial adviser to the Faranah Prefecture. He was elected Minister of Public Works in 1957 and Minister of Economic Development in January 1963.[1] He became a member of the tight-knit group of close relatives who supported President Sékou Touré and who became the primary beneficiaries of the regime.[4] Decisions were often based on personal interests. For example, rather than encourage mining of Guinea's rich iron ore deposits, Ismaël Touré preferred to transport iron ore from Liberia using the Transguinean Railways.[5]
Ismaël Touré led the Organization for Solidarity for the People of Africa and Asia (OSPAAAL) when it met for the first time in Cairo, Egypt in 1957. He was president of the board responsible for solidarity funds, assisted by two vice-chairmen, Mehdi Ben Barka of Morocco and Chu Tzu-chi of the People's Republic of China.[6] However, by 1959 he was in favor of closer ties with the USA and other western countries, in opposition to Keita Fodéba, who saw advantages in alignment with the communist bloc. Sékou Touré maintained a non-aligned position.[7]
In May 1969, Touré was replaced as Minister of Economic Affairs by Louis Lansana Beavogui, who was given the newly created post of Prime Minister in April 1972.[8]
Later career
On 22 November 1970, Portuguese troops and Guinean fighters launched a seaborne attack on the Conakry area of Guinea in an attempt to overthrow the government, occupying key positions and releasing political prisoners held in the camps. The attack failed, and the raiders withdrew. Sékou Touré used the attack as an excuse for mass arrests of political opponents, in which Ismaël Touré played a leading role. Ismaël was reported to have said his goal was to arrest 150,000 people, not to kill them but to shorten their lives.[9] Ismael Touré was the regime's chief prosecutor of the prisoners at Camp Boiro, and showed little respect for formal justice. Talking of the alleged leader of the supporters of the raid, his former leftist opponent Fodéba Keïta, who was tortured before he "confessed", he said "you have seen Fodeba's confessions… there was almost nothing in them, still we liquidated them".[10]
The effect of the mass arrests in 1970 was to remove all opposition to the inner circle of power, with political life reduced to a struggle between different clans for position within the system.[4] The inner circle was divided into three factions, each led by a relative of the president. Sékou Touré himself was leader of the centrist party, Ismaël Touré leader of the pro-western party, called "bourgeois degenerates" by the leftist leader Mamadi Keïta. Ismaël Touré and Mamady Keïta were locked in a struggle to be named the successor to the president. The 9th party congress in 1972 resolved the contest in favor of the center-right. Sékou Touré remained president and Louis Lansana Beavogui became prime minister. Ismaël Touré was given the senior Ministry of Economy and Finance, Moussa Diakité became Minister of Interior and Security and Mamady Keïta was relegated to the Ministry of Culture and Education.[11]
In April 1978, as Minister of the Economy and Finance, Ismaël Touré signed a protocol on non-aggression between members of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS).[12]
Fall from power
After his brother, President Sékou Touré, died on 26 March 1984, Ismaël Touré competed with Prime Minister Louis Lansana Beavogui to take power. However, on 3 April 1984 General Lansana Conté, took control in a bloodless coup.[13] In 1985 Conté took advantage of an alleged coup attempt to execute several of Sekou Touré's close associates, including Ismael Touré.[14] Others executed included Seydou Keita, Siaka Touré, former commander of Camp Boiro, and Moussa Diakité.[15] Ismaël Touré died on 18 July 1985.[1]
References
- 1 2 3 4 "Ismaël Touré". Camp Boiro. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
- ↑ "Conférence-débat du club Ahmed Sékou Touré/Guinée". Kababachir. 31 May 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ↑ Lewin 2009, pp. 53
- 1 2 Roy Richard Grinker, Stephen C. Lubkemann, Christopher B. Steiner (2010). Perspectives on Africa: A Reader in Culture, History and Representation. John Wiley and Sons. p. 635. ISBN 1-4051-9060-4.
- ↑ André Lewin (10/09/2007). "La Belle au bois dormant". Jeune Afrique (in French). Retrieved 2010-11-27. Check date values in:
|date=(help) - ↑ "Tricontinental Conference: History And Context". ServingHistory. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ↑ Lewin 2009, pp. 237
- ↑ Thomas O'Toole, Janice E. Baker (2005). "Beavogui, Louis Lansana (1923 -)". Historical dictionary of Guinea. Scarecrow Press. p. 28. ISBN 0-8108-4634-9.
- ↑ "Mamadou Barry dit petit Barry: "Ismael Toure a confie a certains de ses amis que son objectif etait la detention de 150,000 personnes"". Guineeactu.com. 17 December 2008. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ↑ Lansiné Kaba (Mar 1977). "Guinean Politics: A Critical Historical Overview".". The Journal of African Modern Studies. Vol 15, No. 1.: 25–45. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ↑ "Alpha Condé vu par lui- même à travers son livre « Guinée : Albanie de l’Afrique ou néo- colonie américaine ?" (in French). Informations Crédibles, Analyses Neutres et Responsables. 18 October 2010. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ↑ "ECONOMIC COMMUNITY OF WEST AFRICAN STATES: PROTOCOL ON NON-AGGRESSION" (PDF). ECOWAS. 22 April 1978. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ↑ Odile Goerg (2005). "Guinea: Ahmed Sékou Touré Era". Encyclopedia of African History. New York & London: Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 599–601. ISBN 1-57958-453-5.
- ↑ "General Lansana Conté". Guardian News & Media. 2008-12-23. Retrieved 2010-11-27.
- ↑ Lewin 2009, pp. 27
Bibliography
- André Lewin (2009). "20 à 30, le député français Sékou Touré conduit la Guinée à l'indépendance, et séduit en premier les pays communistes". Ahmed Sékou Touré, 1922–1924: président de la Guinée de 1958 à 1984. 1956–1958 (in French). Editions L'Harmattan. p. 27. ISBN 2-296-09528-3.