List of JVM languages

This list of JVM Languages comprises notable computer programming languages that are used to produce software that runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Some of these languages are interpreted by a Java program, and some are compiled to Java bytecode and JIT-compiled during execution as regular Java programs to improve performance.

The JVM was initially designed to support only the Java programming language. However, as time passed, ever more languages were adapted or designed to run on the Java platform.

High-profile languages

Apart from the Java language itself, the most common or well-known JVM languages are:

• Clojure, a functional Lisp dialect
• Groovy, a programming and scripting language
• Scala, an object-oriented and functional programming language^[1]
• JRuby, an implementation of Ruby
• Jython, an implementation of Python

JVM languages

JVM implementations of existing languages

Language	Java implementations
Ada	JGNAT
BBx	BBj is a superset of BBx, PRO/5, and Visual PRO/5.
C	C to Java Virtual Machine compilers[2] GCC-Bridge[3]
CFML	Adobe ColdFusion Railo Lucee Open BlueDragon
Common Lisp	Armed Bear Common Lisp[4] CLforJava
Fortran	GCC-Bridge[5]
JavaScript	Rhino Nashorn
Oberon	Component Pascal
Mercury	Mercury (Java grade)
Pascal	Free Pascal MIDletPascal Oxygene
Perl 6	Rakudo Perl 6
PHP	Quercus (software)[6][7]
Prolog	JIProlog TuProlog
Python	Jython
R	Renjin
REXX	NetRexx
Ruby	JRuby Mirah
Scheme	Bigloo Kawa SISC JScheme
Tcl	Jacl
Visual Basic	Jabaco[8][9][10] is a freeware IDE in beta-testing since 2009, with a partly open source [11] Jabaco framework runtime. Jabaco compiles VB 6 syntax source to Java bytecode.

New languages with JVM implementations

• Ateji PX, an extension of Java for easy parallel programming on multicore, GPU, Grid and Cloud^[12]
• BBj, an object-oriented language for business applications
• BeanShell, a scripting language whose syntax is close to Java
• Ceylon, a Java competitor from Red Hat
• CFML, a scripting language compiled to Java, used on the ColdFusion or Railo application servers
• CAL, a Haskell-inspired functional language
• E language has an implementation on the JVM
• Fantom, a language built from the base to be portable across the JVM, .NET CLR, and JavaScript^[13]
• Flow Java
• Fortress, a language designed by Sun as a successor to Fortran, mainly for parallel scientific computing. Product development was taken over by Oracle when Sun was purchased. Oracle then stopped development in 2012 according to Dr. Dobb's.
• Frege, a non-strict, pure functional programming language in the spirit of Haskell^[14]
• Golo, a simple, dynamic, weakly-typed language for the JVM developed at Institut national des sciences appliquées de Lyon, France, now an incubating project at the Eclipse Software Foundation. ^{[15] [16] [17]}
• Gosu, an extensible type-system language compiled to Java bytecode
• Ioke, a prototype-based language somewhat reminiscent of Io, with similarities to Ruby, Lisp and Smalltalk
• Jelly
• Join Java, a language that extends Java with the join semantics of the join-calculus
• Joy
• Judoscript
• Kotlin, a statically-typed language from JetBrains, the developers of IntelliJ IDEA
• Mirah, a customizable language featuring type inference and a highly Ruby-inspired syntax^[18][19]
• NetLogo, a multi-agent language
• Nice
• Noop, a language built with testability as a major focus
• Pizza, a superset of Java with function pointers and algebraic data types
• Pnuts
• Processing, a visualization and animation language and framework based on Java with a Java-like syntax
• X10, a language designed by IBM, featuring constrained types and a focus on concurrency and distribution
• Xtend, an object-oriented, functional, and imperative programming language built by the Eclipse foundation, featuring very tight Java interoperability, with a focus on extension methods and lambdas, and rich tooling
• Yeti (programming language), Yeti is an ML-style functional programming language

See also

• Java Virtual Machine (Support for Dynamic Languages section)
• Da Vinci Machine
• List of languages following the CLI spec, Microsoft's response to JVM

References

1. Wampler, Dean (15 January 2009). "Adopting New JVM Languages in the Enterprise (Updated)". objectmentor.com. Archived from the original on 22 May 2009. Retrieved 18 June 2009.
2. "Axiomatic Multi-Platform C". Free Code. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
3. "Introducing GCC Bridge". Renjin Blog. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
4. "Armed Bear Common Lisp (ABCL)". Retrieved 1 March 2014.
5. "Introducing GCC Bridge". Renjin Blog. Retrieved 12 March 2016.
6. "Introducing Quercus, a Java based PHP". Retrieved 2 July 2015.
7. "Running PHP With Quercus in Sun Java System Web Server". Retrieved 2 July 2015.
8. "Jabaco entry at Mindteq.com Basics section". Retrieved 2 July 2015.]
9. "Article about Jabaco at German Pro-Linux publication". Retrieved 2 July 2015.]
10. "Basic meet Java". Retrieved 26 February 2015.
11. "Framework". Retrieved 26 February 2015.
12. "Ateji PX: Java Parallel Programming Made Simple". Ateji. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
13. "Fantom Programming Language". Fantom. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
14. "Frege". Retrieved 1 March 2014.
15. "Oracle.com - Golo – A Lightweight Dynamic Language for the JVM". Retrieved 2 July 2015.]
16. "Golo nominated for JAX Awards 2014". Retrieved 2 July 2015.]
17. "Golo entry at JAX Awards 2014". Retrieved 2 July 2015.]
18. "The Mirah Programming Language". GitHub. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
19. "Mirah". Retrieved 1 March 2014.

External links

• A tutorial on how to create small programming language on the JVM.