Jack Verge

Jack Verge
Full name Arthur Verge
Date of birth (1880-02-12)12 February 1880
Place of birth Kempsey, New South Wales
Date of death 8 September 1915(1915-09-08) (aged 35)
Place of death Alexandria, Egypt
Weight 10 stone 7 pounds (67 kg)[1]
School The King's School, Parramatta, NSW
University St Paul's College, University of Sydney
Notable relative(s) John Verge (Grandfather)
Occupation(s) Dermatologist
Rugby union career
Playing career
Position Fullback
Amateur clubs
Years Club / team
  • 1900–01
  • 1902–04, 1906
  • 1907–08
Professional / senior clubs
Years Club / team Caps (points)
1902–07 Metropolitan Rugby Union
Provincial/State sides
Years Club / team Caps (points)
1902, 1904 New South Wales 8[2]
National team(s)
Years Club / team Caps (points)
1904  Australia 2 0

Military career

Buried at Chatby Military Cemetery (Row Q, Grave No. 523), Egypt (31°12′25″N 29°55′05″E / 31.2069°N 29.91812°E / 31.2069; 29.91812Coordinates: 31°12′25″N 29°55′05″E / 31.2069°N 29.91812°E / 31.2069; 29.91812)
Allegiance  Australia
Service/branch Australian Army
Years of service 1914–15
Rank Captain
Unit 6th Light Horse Regiment
Battles/wars Gallipoli Campaign

Arthur "Jack" Verge[lower-alpha 1] (12 February 1880 – 8 September 1915)[lower-alpha 2] was a rugby union player, who represented Australia, New South Wales and Sydney University. Playing fullback, Verge won both his caps for Australia against a touring British Isles team, in Sydney, on 2 July 1904. Although he was relatively light compared with other contenders for his position, he was repeatedly praised for his tackling, which was "a treat to witness".

Verge went to The King's School, Parramatta, studied medicine at Sydney University, and was in residence at St Paul's College from 1900 to 1904. After graduating, he practiced as a specialist in skin disease. In 1907, he won a fellowship at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh. He was commissioned captain in the Australian Army Medical Corps of the First Australian Imperial Force in October 1914 attached to the 6th Light Horse Regiment as its medical officer. He embarked from Sydney for Alexandria, Egypt, in December 1914. From there he was deployed to Gallipoli in May 1915, where he contracted dysentery. He was evacuated to Egypt, where he died in September 1915.

Early life

Arthur "Jack" Verge was the second son of Austral and Matilda Verge of Hampden Hall, Kempsey, New South Wales.[7][8] He attended the King's School, Parramatta, where many of Australia's rugby players were schooled.[9] From there he went to study medicine at St Paul's College, University of Sydney in 1900.[10] He passed his first year of medicine in 1901,[11] and graduated in 1904.[12]

His older brother, John, was born in 1877 and died in 1939. His sister, Mary Elizabeth, was born in 1879.[13] He had a younger brother, Cuthbert, who also played rugby for Sydney University and New South Wales and went on to become a doctor, specialising in ear, nose and throat. He survived the First World War, and died at the age of 46 in 1929 of blood poisoning.[4][13]

Rugby career

Jack Verge went to Sydney University in 1900 and for the first two years played fullback for the University second rugby team.[14][15] In his second year he began to be noticed, especially for his defensive play.[16] Verge scored two tries for University 2 against Balmain 2,[17] and thereafter was selected to play for New South Wales (NSW) second team.[18]

He also played cricket, initially for the second XI, at University,[19] and it was reckoned that he was as good a cricketer as a footballer. At one time, he was the most successful bowler at the University. Slow bowler. He played in two matches against Melbourne University, scoring 10 and 2, and taking two for 22 and six for 20 in 1903, and scoring 4 and 5 and taking four for 70 and three for 69 in 1904.[20]

Selection for University XV and NSW XV (1902)

At the start of the 1902 rugby season in May, Verge was up for selection to the University first XV, either at fullback or threequarter; and also for NSW as fullback.[21] He took the place at fullback on the University XV from AJ McKenzie, whose "condition seemed a bit robust".[22]

By June 1902, Verge was gaining recognition in the press: "Verge, as full back, deserves a special word of praise for quickness and all-round ability: he has steadily improved until he now may be compared with any man we have in the position. And he is likely to still further improve."[23] After a lacklustre performance by Maund at fullback in the first Inter-State match between NSW and Queensland, Verge gained his first cap for NSW in the return match on 19 July 1902 at the University Oval, Sydney.[24][25]

Some 16,000 spectators turned out to watch. From the start, both sides had good attacking opportunities. Early on, through the kicking of Verge and threequarter Blarney, NSW found themselves inside the Queensland 25 but the visitors managed to get the ball away. Shortly after, Queensland kicked the ball hard towards Verge, who was back at the NSW goal line, and the Queensland threequarter — and captain — Spragg, chased fast after it but Verge managed to kick the ball away safely. NSW scored the first points with a goal from a mark by Wickham and Queensland responded with a penalty goal before half time. The score at the break was 4–3. Verge's defensive work in the first half was noted by The Sunday Times of Sydney. Straight after the break, Wickham dropped a goal for NSW but Queensland scored a try moments later, which was converted and gave Queensland the lead 7–8. Another penalty and a try for NSW put the home side ahead 13–8 for the victory. The game was considered one of the best between the two states. Verge, according to The Sunday Times "made a highly creditable debut in representative football, in a match that required the full back to have his wits about him."[26] The Sydney Morning Herald noted that "Verge on several occasions saved splendidly, generally finding the line with useful punts and never losing his head."[27]

Playing for University against South Sydney soon after, Verge gave a "brilliant exposition... sure in catching, very quick and tricky on his feet, and excellent in finding the line, he could not have done better work."[28]

The premiership competition of 1902 was decided in the match between University and Western Suburbs on 27 August 1902. After the match, Verge and other players from both teams departed for Brisbane with the NSW team, where neither he, nor several others of his teammates, had ever played.[29] Western beat University and one commentator thought that Western's fullback, Simpson, had outplayed Verge.[30] The first match against Queensland on 30 August was won by the home side, 16–11. Verge's performance was less well received than in the previous inter-state match, with comments that his tackling was unreliable,[31] although he kicked well.[32] The following week, on 6 September, NSW played Queensland again and won a hard-fought victory 8–13, although a man short for the final 20 minutes. Verge "played a game at full back that could not have been improved on".[33]

Three players were considered for selection to play fullback for NSW in 1903 for the New Zealand tour of Australia: Maund, Verge and Hawthorne.[34][35][36] Maund was selected and Verge continued to play for University.[37][38]

1904 season

Early in the 1904 season, according to "Rhabdos" writing in The Town and Country Journal, Verge was "showing fine form... kicking and tackling splendidly, and [was], in addition, very sure." So the selectors for NSW had a difficult choice at fullback between Maund, who had played in 1903, Verge, and two or three others.[39] The Sunday Times praised Verge's handling, kicking and rush-stopping.[40] "Gulliver" writing for The Arrow preferred Verge's quickness and positioning judgment ahead of Maund's weight advantage but thought that both were playing a "first-rate" game at fullback.[41] It was Verge, in the end, who was selected to represent NSW on 11 June against Queensland.[42]

A crowd of 22,000 spectators gathered at the University Oval for the NSW v Queensland match on 11 June. It was not considered a good game, with the home side's 11–6 victory coming through stronger defence. The fast pace of the Queensland backs almost resulted in a try early in the first half but the ball was knocked on over the line after the defenders were beaten. Instead it was NSW who got the first points through a converted try. Repeated attacks from Queensland failed to provide points and NSW scored another try for an 8–0 lead at the end of the first half. A further try came for NSW from "some sparkling work", and Queensland gained two penalty goals, being prevented from scoring any tries by the defensive work of Verge, McMahon and O'Donnell.[43] In the final moments, Walsh got close to scoring for NSW but lost the ball in the tackle. A scrum ensued and Queensland won the ball and kicked the ball away. Verge took the catch at pace and ran for the corner but was pushed into touch just before he could score.[44] Verge's good game at fullback earned him selection for the return match on 15 June.[45][46]

The match on 15 June was played at the Agricultural Ground in front of 12,000 spectators. NSW soon put points on the scoreboard when O'Donnell marked and Verge kicked a goal. Queensland responded soon after with an unconverted try, and then, after some fast play, scored a second try, this one converted to put the visitors ahead 4–8. Verge then kicked a penalty goal to bring the difference to one point. The second half was a demonstration of good attacking play and strong defensive work on both sides. The only points scored were from a try for Queensland, giving them a 7–11 win.[47]

The British Isles tour of Australia

The NSW backs, with the exception of Verge and Wickham, did not play very well in the two inter-state matches, but the forwards, ahead of the match against the British Isles touring team, were seen to be good.[48] The British team, for its part, led by David Bedell-Sivright, arrived in Australia with a reputation for having the excellence of its back line. The tourists' first game was against NSW on 18 June in front of 35,000 spectators at the Sydney Cricket Ground. The game had barely begun when the visitors were already attacking the tryline and NSW was forced to defend. Bush, the British halfback, scored a drop goal within the first ten minutes, and soon after the British scored a try. They were proving very quick and aggressive, and the home side had to defend right on its tryline for much of the first half, which ended 0–12. Another try came for the British within three minutes of the second half. NSW's chance to score came when Britain was penalised inside its 25 but Wickham missed what should have been an easy goal. Instead the visitors scored another two converted tries and ended victors, 0–27.[49] It was said, by The Sunday Times that it was the best rugby team to have visited Australia, whether British or New Zealand. NSW played well but were "outclassed in every point of play", Verge, for his part, did "as well as could be expected",[50] although his attempt at a drop goal in the second half failed.[51]

For the return match between NSW and the British Isles on 25 June, each side made four changes. In the opening period, the sides were evenly matched but eventually the British scored a try in the corner, which was converted, and a second try soon after took them eight points clear. The visitors were up 13–0 at half time after another converted try: the home side had made numerous attacking attempts but had failed to cross the line. The second half started as the first had ended, with NSW dominating but they failed to score, instead the British managed to counter-attack to score another converted try. NSW then managed to score a try but Verge failed to convert. The tourists then scored another three tries, one of them converted. With Britain leading 3–29 in the closing minutes, NSW scored a second try, this time Wickham missed the conversion. The final score 6–29.[52]

After the first match between NSW and the tourists, the Metropolitan Union made its selection for the team to play the tourists on 29 June, Verge amongst them; some of the other eligible NSW players were not picked.[53][54] On the day, however, it was Maund, not Verge, who played at fullback.[55]

Verge was selected to play fullback for Australia against the British team in the first of the three test matches, on 2 July 1904 at the Sydney Cricket Ground. With 35,000 spectators, the first half was dominated by the home team, with Britain forced to defend, and prevented Australia from scoring. Britain gained the upper hand after halftime, scoring 17 points with no response from Australia.[56][57] The Australians played the second half with a man short after threequarter C. White broke a rib towards the end of the first half. The Sunday Times reported that it was a "very fast and excellent contest with Britishers very little superior." Verge was active in preventing the British scoring, making a try-saving tackle early in the first half, and numerous crucial defensive plays throughout the game.[58] Although his tackling was commended — "a treat to witness" — his kicking game received some criticism.[59][60]

The second test match, on 23 July at the Exhibition Ground in Brisbane, started well for Australia. In the first quarter, a kick from Wickham towards the British corner was taken by McEvedy and he was tackled into touch by Burden. The ball then came to Verge, who kicked towards the British halfback Bush, and Burden took it and ran over the tryline for the opening score. No conversion. The British levelled the score at the start of the second half with an unconverted try by Bush, and then immediately after he scored a drop goal to put the visitors 3–7 ahead. The British added a further ten points to their tally, and won the match 3–17. Verge's kicking, on this occasion, was good.[61]

Verge did not play in the third test but returned to play for the University team.[62][63]

End of rugby career

At the end of the 1904 season, after passing his final medical examinations, Verge left Sydney University and stopped playing rugby for the team.[12] A. J. McKenzie, whom he had displaced in 1902, took over at fullback, although he soon gave way to Verge's brother, Cuthbert.[64][65] The older Verge was granted a blue, and was elected a vice-president of the club.[66][67] However, he returned to the team for the tour of New Zealand in September 1906. Both Dr A Verge, as he was then styled in the match lists,[68] and his brother, C. A. Verge, were selected for the tour squad.[69]

The first game was against Otago University on 10 September, which the home side won 21–0 easily. Dr Verge was the only one of the team to play well,[70] preventing the home side scoring through his tackling.[71] For the return match on 15 September, the younger Verge was brought in at five-eighths, which helped strengthen the team. Although Otago again came away the winners, 6–3, no points were scored in the first half, although the visitors came close to getting a try but were held up on the line. Verge missed scoring from a penalty kick, which hit the crossbar.[72][73]

Dr Verge departed for England aboard the RMS Mongolia on 25 May 1907.[74] He intended to spend three years in the UK and Europe undertaking further studies in medicine, while also playing rugby.[75] He was awarded a Fellowship at the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh,[2] and played rugby for Edinburgh University in 1908.[76] Verge's younger brother, meanwhile, continued to play for University and also played fullback for Metropolitan against the Anglo-Welsh touring team in Sydney on 15 August 1908, which the tourists won 13–16 with a try in the final moments,[77][78] and against the Ponsonby team on tour from New Zealand in August 1909.[79][80] On his return from Europe, Dr Verge did not return to rugby. He practised as a doctor in Macquarie Street before joining the army.[20]

International appearances

Opposition Score Result Date Venue Ref(s)
United Kingdom British Isles0–17 Lost 2 July 1904 Sydney [81]
United Kingdom British Isles3–17 Lost 23 July 1904 Brisbane [82]

Military service

Officers of the 6th Light Horse, 1914. Verge is seated at the far right.

Verge was commissioned as a captain in the Australian Army Medical Corps on 2 October 1914, and was attached to the 6th Light Horse Regiment as its medical officer. His regiment embarked on HMAT A29 Suevic on 21 December,[10] reaching Egypt on 1 February 1915, and was then deployed to Gallipoli, attached to the 1st Australian Division, landing on 20 May.[2][83] He contracted dysentery several months later and was evacuated to No. 17 British General Hospital in Alexandria, Egypt. He died on 8 September 1915, and was buried at the Chatby War Memorial Cemetery (Row Q, Grave No. 523) in Alexandria.[lower-alpha 2][3][10]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ McCrery, Into Touch, has confused Dr Arthur Verge with his younger brother, Dr C. A. Verge.[3] They were both doctors of medicine and both played for University and New South Wales, at least on one occasion in the same match.[4][5]
  2. 1 2 Some contemporary newspaper articles say that he died on 5 September at Ghezireh, Egypt.[6][7]

References

  1. ↑ "RUGBY FOOTBALL NOTES.". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 17 September 1902. p. 8. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  2. 1 2 3 "Anzac > ANZACProfile". Rugby Australia.
  3. 1 2 McCrery 2014.
  4. 1 2 "RUGBY UNION.". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 20 March 1929. p. 15. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  5. ↑ "FOOTBALL". The New Zealand Herald. 12 September 1906. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  6. ↑ "Touchline" (8 October 1915). "Passing Notes". Outdoor Sports and Pastimes. p. 20. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  7. 1 2 "DEATH OF JOHNNIE VERGE.". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 23 September 1915. p. 2. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  8. ↑ "Sporting Notes.". The Macleay Chronicle (Kempsey, NSW : 1899 – 1952) (Kempsey, NSW: National Library of Australia). 24 July 1902. p. 3. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  9. ↑ "Nurseries of champions". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 8 June 1913. p. 16. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  10. 1 2 3 "Details – Arthur Verge". Australian Defence Force Academy. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  11. ↑ "The King's School". The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate (Parramatta, NSW : 1888 – 1950) (Parramatta, NSW: National Library of Australia). 22 June 1901. p. 11. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  12. 1 2 "Tour in South Africa by a New South Wales team". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 16 April 1905. p. 9. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  13. 1 2 New South Wales Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages
  14. ↑ "Miscellaneous.". Australian Town and Country Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1870 – 1907) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 14 July 1900. p. 51. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  15. ↑ "Rugby in the Country.". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 22 May 1901. p. 8. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  16. ↑ "Rugby football notes". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 5 June 1901. p. 8. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  17. ↑ "Rugby football referees". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 31 July 1901. p. 8. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  18. ↑ "Results of intercolonial matches". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 24 July 1901. p. 8. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  19. ↑ "CRICKET NOTES.". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 14 August 1901. p. 8. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  20. 1 2 "RUGBY UNIONISTS IN WAR.". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 29 September 1915. p. 13. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
  21. ↑ "FIRST GRADE TEAMS.". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 16 May 1902. p. 2. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  22. ↑ "Rugby football notes". The Arrow (Sydney, NSW : 1896 – 1912) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 24 May 1902. p. 2. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  23. ↑ "Rugby football notes". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 25 June 1902. p. 8. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  24. ↑ "Football". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 18 July 1902. p. 2. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  25. ↑ "Football Flashes.". Wellington Times (NSW : 1899 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 10 July 1902. p. 6. Retrieved 6 August 2015.
  26. ↑ "Yesterday's football, golf, &c.". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 20 July 1902. p. 4. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  27. ↑ "Inter-state Football". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 21 July 1902. p. 5. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  28. ↑ "RUGBY FOOTBALL NOTES .". The Arrow (Sydney, NSW : 1896 – 1912) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 9 August 1902. p. 2. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  29. ↑ "Rugby football notes". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 27 August 1902. p. 8. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  30. ↑ "Rugby Notes.". The Cumberland Argus and Fruitgrowers Advocate (Parramatta, NSW : 1888 – 1950) (Parramatta, NSW: National Library of Australia). 30 August 1902. p. 5. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  31. ↑ "Football". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 1 September 1902. p. 2. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  32. ↑ "Queensland defeat New South Wales". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 3 September 1902. p. 8. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  33. ↑ "Interstate football". The Brisbane Courier (Qld. : 1864 – 1933) (Qld.: National Library of Australia). 8 September 1902. p. 7. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  34. ↑ "Full Back" (14 May 1903). "Football". Otago Daily Times. p. 10. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  35. ↑ "BY FULL BACK.". Otago Witness. 15 July 1903.
  36. ↑ "Notes.". Sydney Sportsman (Surry Hills, NSW : 1900 – 1954) (Surry Hills, NSW: National Library of Australia). 1 July 1903. p. 7. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  37. ↑ "Health Better than Wealth.". Evening Post. 11 July 1903.
  38. ↑ "The Rugby Premiership". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 18 May 1903. p. 4. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  39. ↑ "Notes by " Rhabdos.".". Australian Town and Country Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1870 – 1907) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 11 May 1904. p. 51. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  40. ↑ "Yesterday's football matches and notes". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 22 May 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  41. ↑ "Rugby football notes". The Arrow (Sydney, NSW : 1896 – 1912) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 4 June 1904. p. 2. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  42. ↑ "Football". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 11 June 1904. p. 14. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  43. ↑ "New South Wales defeats Queensland". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 12 June 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  44. ↑ "Football". The Sydney Mail and New South Wales Advertiser (NSW : 1871 – 1912) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 15 June 1904. p. 1523. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  45. ↑ "Yesterday's football matches and notes". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 12 June 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  46. ↑ "New South Wales team selected to meet Queensland on Wednesday". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 12 June 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  47. ↑ "Rugby football". Queensland Times, Ipswich Herald and General Advertiser (Qld. : 1861 – 1908) (Qld.: National Library of Australia). 16 June 1904. p. 9. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  48. ↑ "FOOTBALL.". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 17 June 1904. p. 6. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  49. ↑ "Yesterday's football matches and notes". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 19 June 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  50. ↑ "NOTES ON THE BRITISH MATCH.". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 19 June 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
  51. ↑ "The First Match a Decisive Win". Otago Witness (2623). 22 June 1904. p. 57. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  52. ↑ "British Team v. New South Wales.". Australian Town and Country Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1870 – 1907) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 29 June 1904. p. 20. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  53. ↑ "Match against Metropolitan team". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 20 June 1904. p. 3. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
  54. ↑ "Notes foy "Rhadbos.".". Australian Town and Country Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1870 – 1907) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 22 June 1904. p. 52. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
  55. ↑ "Previous Results – British & Irish Lions – Rugby – Official Website : Match Centre – Match Archives". Lions Rugby. Retrieved 11 August 2015.
  56. ↑ "British Rugby Team Match Against Australia". The Press. 4 July 1904. p. 8. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  57. ↑ "The British Footballers, First Test Match Against Australia". The New Zealand Herald. 4 July 1904. p. 5. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  58. ↑ "Yesterday's football matches and notes". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 3 July 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  59. ↑ "Football". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 4 July 1904. p. 2. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  60. ↑ "Notes on the Test Match". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 3 July 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  61. ↑ "British team defeat Australia at Brisbane". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 24 July 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  62. ↑ "University beat Glebe". Sunday Times (Sydney, NSW : 1895 – 1930) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 21 August 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  63. ↑ "Notes.". Sydney Sportsman (Surry Hills, NSW : 1900 – 1954) (Surry Hills, NSW: National Library of Australia). 7 September 1904. p. 7. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  64. ↑ "New South Wales v. Queensland.". Sydney Sportsman (Surry Hills, NSW : 1900 – 1954) (Surry Hills, NSW: National Library of Australia). 9 August 1905. p. 7. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  65. ↑ "Foot ball.". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 5 May 1905. p. 6. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  66. ↑ "Football". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 7 April 1905. p. 2. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  67. ↑ "Football". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 7 April 1905. p. 4. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  68. ↑ "PERSONALIA.". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 5 September 1906. p. 9. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  69. ↑ "Football". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 1 September 1906. p. 16. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  70. ↑ "Sydney University v Otago University". The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 – 1954) (NSW: National Library of Australia). 10 September 1906. p. 10. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  71. ↑ "INTER-UNIVERSITY MATCH. A WIN FOR OTAGO.". Otago Witness. 12 September 1906. p. 55. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  72. ↑ "NOTES BY FULL BACK". Otago Witness. 19 September 1906. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  73. ↑ "ATHLETIC NOTES". The New Zealand Herald. 13 September 1906. p. 3.
  74. ↑ "FOOTBALL.". Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 – 1931) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 24 May 1907. p. 8. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  75. ↑ "Athletic notes and gossip". Referee (Sydney, NSW : 1886 – 1939) (Sydney, NSW: National Library of Australia). 29 May 1907. p. 8. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
  76. ↑ "Full Back" (5 March 1908). "Football". Otago Daily Times (14154). p. 10. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  77. ↑ "Britain v Metropolitan Team". Wairarapa Age. 17 August 1908. p. 6. Retrieved 4 August 2015.
  78. ↑ "FOOTBALL.". Waikato Times. 17 August 1908.
  79. ↑ "FOOTBALL.". Taranaki Daily News. 9 August 1909.
  80. ↑ "PLAYED IN THE MUD. SATURDAY'S FOOTBALL MATCHES.". Evening Post. 9 August 1909.
  81. ↑ "Rugby Union – ESPN Scrum – Australia v Great Britain at Sydney". ESPN scrum.
  82. ↑ "Rugby Union – ESPN Scrum – Australia v Great Britain at Brisbane". ESPN scrum.
  83. ↑ "6th Australian Light Horse Regiment". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 11 August 2015.

Bibliography

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