Jagua Tattoo
Jagua Tattoo is a temporary form of skin decoration resulting from the application of an extract of the fruit Genipa americana, also known as Jagua. This fruit has been used for body ornamentation and medicinal purposes in many areas of South America for centuries. It has only recently been introduced in North America and Europe as an addition to henna body art, also called Mehendi, Mehandi, or Mehndi in India. (The term henna tattoo is often used as a generic term for temporary tattoos.)
The term jagua tattoo is inaccurate because tattoos are defined as permanent surgical insertion of pigments underneath the skin, as opposed to pigments resting on the surface. Both mehndi and jagua tattoos penetrate and stain the top skin layer, and in the case of jagua the color develops and darkens over several days until blue-black.
While henna tattoos are associated with Indian, African and Middle Eastern cultures, jagua body art was invented by Circum-Caribbean tribes and indigenous peoples of the Amazon region.
The fruit
Genipa americana is a species of Genipa, native to northern South America (south to Peru), the Caribbean and southern Mexico, growing in profusion in rainforests. It is commonly called Huito; the alternate name Jagua may refer to other species of Genipa as well. To the Inca, it was known as hawa or wituq. In the British islands of the West Indies, it was called the marmalade box.
It is a medium size tree growing to 15 m tall. The leaves are opposite, lanceolate to oblong, 20–35 cm long and 10–19 cm broad, glossy dark green, with an entire margin. The flowers are white, yellow or red, with a five-lobed corolla 5–6 cm diameter. The fruit is a thick-skinned edible berry 5–8 cm diameter.
Indigenous uses
Indians in the Amazon traditionally use the juice of the jagua fruit for body ornamentation. Certain tribes, such as the Matses Indians of Peru also insert it underneath the skin to create permanent markings on the body. Additionally, the fruit is used for a host of purported medicinal purposes. Peoples known to use the Jagua fruit (currently or in the past) include: The Zapara, Shuar, Tsachila, Emberá-Wounaan, Yucuna, Kuna, Yuqui, Tikuna, Yagua, Arakmbut, Ka'apor, Canelos-Quichua, and Shipibo-Conibo.[1]
Western uses
"Jagua tattoo" is a term used by people in the body art industry to refer to a new form of natural temporary tattoo, which is created using the juice or extract of the Genipa americana or Jagua fruit. Designs created with jagua appear blue/black in color on the skin, and resemble a real tattoo (henna tattoos are reddish brown in color). Depending on a variety of factors, the stain on the skin lasts one to two weeks, fading gradually as the skin exfoliates. Some henna artists use the jagua tattoo preparations as an additional temporary tattoo option, and some professional tattoo artists use it to give their customers the option of 'trying out' a tattoo before using permanent ink.
Several companies selling temporary tattoo kits have introduced products made with jagua as a base.
See also
Notes
- ↑ Fabius, Carine. Jagua: A Journey into Body Art from the Amazon. Los Angeles: Kouraj Press, 2009. Print. [ISBN 9780978 500313]