James E. Slaughter

James Edwin Slaughter
Born	June 1827 Cedar Mountain, Virginia
Died	January 1, 1901 (aged 73–74) Mexico City
Place of burial	Mexico City National Cemetery
Allegiance	United States of America  Confederate States of America
Service/branch	United States Army  Confederate States Army
Years of service	1847 - 1861 (USA) 1861 - 1865 (CSA)
Rank	First Lieutenant (USA) Brigadier General (CSA)
Battles/wars	Mexican-American War American Civil War

James Edwin Slaughter (June 1827 – January 2, 1900) was born in Cedar Mountain, Virginia, the oldest son of Daniel French Slaughter and Letitia Madison and great-nephew of President James Madison. He attended the Virginia Military Institute in Lexington, Virginia from August 6, 1845 until his resignation on July 6, 1846 to accept a commission in the U.S. Army as a 2nd Lieutenant in the newly formed regiment of Voltigeurs and Foot Riflemen who were to fight in the Mexican-American War.^[1][2]

Slaughter accompanied General Winfield Scott and his army to Mexico City as a 2nd Lieutenant during the war. He was the first to inform the Mexican government of the deceptiveness of the Well and Labra claims. After the completion of the war he was transferred to the U.S. 1st Artillery Regiment in June 1848 and would serve with this regiment until the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861. He was promoted to 1st Lieutenant in 1852. As a Virginian, he was dismissed from the army in May 1861 and promptly joined the Confederate Army.

He received a commission as first lieutenant, Corps of Artillery in the Confederate States Army but soon became Inspector-General on the staff of General P.G.T. Beauregard after the transfer of the latter to the Department of Alabama and West Florida. After the bombardment of Pensacola, in which Lieutenant Slaughter rendered valuable service under fire, General Beauregard reported that probably more than anyone else in his command, he was indebted for the patient labor and unceasing vigil given to the organization and instruction of the troops.^[3] In November 1861 he was promoted to Major.

Beauregard earnestly recommended Slaughter's promotion to brigadier-general, which was bestowed on March 8, 1862. Slaughter became General Albert Sidney Johnston's assistant inspector general at the Battle of Shiloh.

In May 1862, he was appointed chief of the inspector-general's Department of the Army of the Mississippi, under General Braxton Bragg. In this duty he continued through the Kentucky Campaign, and was then assigned to the charge of the troops of Mobile, Alabama, that port being threatened by Federal invasion.^[4]

In April 1863, Brigadier General Slaughter was transferred to Galveston, Texas as Chief of Artillery for General John Bankhead Magruder. Later in the year he was given charge of the eastern sub-district of Texas, and command of all the troops of the Second Division. During the remainder of the war he played an important part in Confederate affairs in Texas, for some time performing the duties of chief of staff.^[5]

Upon Lee's Surrender at Appomattox Court House, Brigadier General Slaughter crossed the border into Mexico, where he stayed for several years and worked as a Civil Engineer. He returned to work in Mobile, Alabama and then eventually made his home in New Orleans.

While visiting Mexico City, James Slaughter became ill and ultimately died of pneumonia on January 1, 1901. He never married.

He is buried in the Mexico City National Cemetery.^[6]

References

1. Confederate Military History, vol. IV, p. 662
2. http://www.vmi.edu/archives.aspx?id=5653
3. Confederate Military History, vol. IV, p. 662
4. Confederate Military History, vol. IV, p. 662
5. Confederate Military History, vol. IV, p. 662
6. American Battle Monuments Commission -- Mexico City National Cemetery

• New York Times, Ex-Confederate Leader Dies in Mexico, January 4, 1901, Page 1.