Joaquim Arcoverde de Albuquerque Cavalcanti

His Eminence
Joaquim Arcoverde de Albuquerque Cavalcanti
Cardinal, Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro

Cardinal Arcoverde; portrait by Almeida Júnior
Archdiocese Rio de Janeiro
Province Rio de Janeiro
In office 24 August 1897 - 18 April 1930
Predecessor João Fernando Santiago Esberard
Successor Sebastião da Silveira Cintra
Orders
Created Cardinal December 11, 1905
by Pope Pius X
Rank Cardinal-priest
Personal details
Born (1850-01-17)January 17, 1850
Pesqueira, Brazil
Died April 18, 1930(1930-04-18) (aged 80)
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Nationality Brazilian
Denomination Roman Catholic
Coat of arms
Styles of
Joaquim Arcoverde de Albuquerque Cavalcanti
Reference style His Eminence
Spoken style Your Eminence
Informal style Cardinal
See São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro

Joaquim Arcoverde de Albuquerque Cavalcanti (January 17, 1850 – April 18, 1930) was the first Cardinal to be born in Latin America. He was known as "Cardeal Arcoverde".

Biography

Early life and ministry

Arcoverde was born into a prominent family in Cimbres, province of Pernambuco, in the Northeast of Brazil. He showed an early vocation for the priesthood but the absence of local seminaries meant that he did all his studies prior to becoming a priest in Rome. However, after being ordained in 1874, Arcoverde returned to Olinda to become rector of the new seminary there. He was nominated a bishop by Pope Leo XIII in 1888 but refused; however, when Pope Leo, obviously believing very firmly in his ability, nominated him again three years later to the diocese of Goiás he accepted his nomination very willingly.

Archbishop

In 1897 Arcoverde was promoted to the archiepiscopal see of São Sebastião do Rio de Janeiro, then clearly the highest position on the Latin American Church. Although Leo did not name him a cardinal, Pope Pius X did so in his second consistory on December 11, 1905. He was only the second cardinal to serve as ordinary of a diocese located in the Southern Hemisphere behind Francis Patrick Moran, the Irish-born Archbishop of Sydney who had been elevated in 1885. Arcoverde was the first Cardinal to be born in the Southern Hemisphere.

He participated in the conclave in 1914 but did not attempt to reach Rome in time for the 1922 conclave, due to ill health.[1] The other three cardinals from the Americas, William Henry O'Connell of Boston, Denis Dougherty of Philadelphia, and Louis-Nazaire Bégin of Québec City, made the attempt but arrived too late. Pope Pius XI then made it easier for distant cardinals to participate by increasing the time between the death of a Pope and the start of a conclave.

Death

Cardinal Arcoverde led the See of Rio de Janeiro for more than 30 years, until his death in 1930, although in his later years (from 1921 onwards), due to failing health, he was aided by a coadjutor Archbishop. He died in Rio de Janeiro, then the Brazilian capital.

Preceded by
João Fernando Santiago Esberard
Archbishop of Rio de Janeiro
24 August 189718 April 1930
Succeeded by
Sebastião da Silveira Cintra

References

External links

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