John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle

John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne

John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne , KG, PC (9 January 1662 – 15 July 1711) was an English peer.

He was born in Edwinstowe, Nottinghamshire, the son of the 3rd Earl of Clare and his wife Grace Pierrepont. Grace was daughter of The Hon. William Pierrepont and granddaughter of the 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull.

Holles was elected MP for Nottinghamshire as Lord Houghton on 14 January 1689, but was called to the House of Lords two days later when his father died and he became the 4th Earl of Clare. He was created the 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, of the 2nd creation, in 1694. The Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne is a title which was created three times in British history. The first creation had become extinct when Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne died with out a male heir.[1]

On 1 March 1690, he married Lady Margaret Cavendish, a daughter of Henry Cavendish. They had one child, Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles (1694–1755), who married the 2nd Earl of Oxford and Mortimer and was mother to Margaret Bentinck, Duchess of Portland.

Correspondence and estate records of John Holles, including letters to his wife, are held at the department of Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham, principally in the Holles Papers (Pw 2), part of the Portland (Welbeck) Collection.

A rivalry was formed between John and his sister, Elizabeth, when she married Christopher Vane, 1st Baron Barnard.[2]

The duke died in 1711 from injuries received in a fall from his horse while hunting near Welbeck.[3]He left his Cavendish estates to his son-in-law, Edward Harley (later 2nd Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer) and the remainder of his property to his nephew Thomas Pelham, subsequently 1st Duke of Newcastle (third creation) and prime minister.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 "HOLLES, John, Lord Houghton (1662-1711), of Haughton, Notts. and Warwick House, Holborn, Mdx.". History of Parliament Online. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
  2. Mounsey, Chris. Christopher Smart: Clown of God. London: Bucknell University Press, 2001. p. 23
  3. Abel Boyer. The history of the reign of Queen Anne 10. p. 381.

Titles from birth to death

External links

Political offices
Preceded by
The Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
Lord Privy Seal
1705–1711
Succeeded by
The Bishop of Bristol
Military offices
Preceded by
The Marquess of Carmarthen
Governor of Kingston-upon-Hull
1699–1711
Succeeded by
Richard Sutton
Legal offices
Preceded by
The Duke of Devonshire
Justice in Eyre
north of the Trent

1711
Succeeded by
The Duke of Leeds
Honorary titles
Preceded by
The Earl of Craven
Lord Lieutenant of Middlesex
1689–1692
Succeeded by
The Earl of Bedford
Custos Rotulorum of Middlesex
1689–1692
Preceded by
The Duke of Devonshire
Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire
1694–1711
Vacant
Title next held by
The Earl of Clare
Vacant
Title last held by
The Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull
Custos Rotulorum of Nottinghamshire
1694–1711
Preceded by
The Duke of Leeds
Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire
1699–1711
Vacant
Title next held by
Marquess of Carmarthen
Custos Rotulorum of the East Riding of Yorkshire
1699–1711
Succeeded by
Marquess of Carmarthen
Preceded by
The Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
Lord Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire
1705–1711
Succeeded by
The Duke of Buckingham and Normanby
Peerage of England
New creation
Title last held by Henry Cavendish
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne
2nd creation
1694–1711
Extinct
Preceded by
Gilbert Holles
Earl of Clare
1689–1711
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