John Polando

John Polando was an early American aviation pioneer who, along with Russell Boardman, flew from Floyd Bennett Field to Istanbul, Turkey in 1931 to set an aviation record for the longest continuous distance flown without refueling. Following this achievement, he was an officer in World War II.

Biography

Early life

Born in 1901 in Lynn, Massachusetts, Polando learned to fly in 1918. After joining the United States Army Air Corps in 1927, he met Russell Boardman at a "Wall of Death" motorcycle event in Revere. Deciding that Boardman would make a good co-pilot, the two teamed up and began to pursue a dream of breaking a world record.^[1]

Record attempt

The two men trained at Hyannis Airport in preparation for their trip to Istanbul.^[2]

The attempt at the record took place between July 28th and 30th, 1931. Polando and Russell Boardman took off from Floyd Bennett Field in the aircraft Cape Cod. Eighteen minutes later, Clyde Edward Pangborn and Hugh Herndon, Jr. took off from Floyd Bennett in an unsuccessful attempt to circumnavigate the world.^[3][4] Boardman and Polando then flew over Newfoundland and dropped the New York Times at lighthouses in the province. Along the way, they also flew over Ireland, Paris, and Munich. They also circled the Swiss Alps at night to avoid crashing into them. While it was originally planned for them to fly to Moscow, it was determined that Istanbul would be easier, because it would allow for them to still break the record.^[1]

The distance of 5,011.8 miles (8,065.7 km), over a total of forty nine hours and twenty minutes helped to establish a distance record, which was the first known non-stop flight whose distance surpassed either English (5,000 mi) or metric (8,000 km) mark.^[2][5][6][7]

Following the landing of their aircraft in Istanbul, they were greeted with great fanfare.^[1]

World War

During World War II, Polando served in the United States Army Air Corps with the 455th Bombardment Group.^[8] During one flight on October 14, 1944, his plane was hit by flak over Odertal, Germany. Breaking away from the formation and losing altitude, Polando did not want to fly below the formation, for fear of being hit by falling bombs. Furthermore, he found that he was unable to rejoin the group. Forced to make an emergency landing in Soviet-occupied Poland, he landed his plane at an airfield about fifteen miles north of Krakow. After spending two weeks with the Russians, he was eventually flown to Lvoy, and later a base in Poltava. Eventually the plane was flown to Tehran, Cairo, Benghazi, and eventually returning to San Giovanni Airfield on November 22nd.^[9]

Death and legacy

Polando died in 1985 as a result of injuries sustained in an aircraft accident. In 1981, the airfield at Barnstable Municipal Airport was later renamed Boardman/Polando Field to recognize his accomplishment.^[2]

References

1. Roscoe, Lee (5 August 2011). "When ‘Cape Cod’ flew to Istanbul". The Barnstable Patriot. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
2. Kline, Stuard (17 May 2001). "John Polando". www.earlyaviators.com. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
3. "Moscow and Istanbul Are Flight Goals". The Milwaukee Journal. Associated Press. 28 July 1931. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
4. "'Herndon v. Liberty". Time. 22 May 1933. Retrieved April 28, 2008.
5. "'Cape Cod's' Success Climaxes 5 Years [of] Bellanca Records". The Sunday Morning Star, Wilmington, DE. August 2, 1931. Retrieved September 4, 2013.
6. Polando, Johnnie (2000). Wings Over Istanbul: The Life and Flights of a Pioneer Aviator. Portsmouth, NH: P.E. Randall Publisher. ISBN 0914339842.
7. Frattasio, Marc (2013). NAS Squantum: The First Naval Air Reserve Base. Lulu.com. ISBN 9781304662491. Retrieved 18 April 2016.
8. "John Polando - WWII Serviceman - 455BG - Squadron". www.455bg.org. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
9. Mahoney, Kevin A. (2015). Bombing Europe: The Illustrated Exploits of the Fifteenth Air Force. Voyageur Press. ISBN 9780760348154. Retrieved 21 April 2016.