Jon Lindbergh

Jon Lindbergh
Born Jon Morrow Lindbergh
(1932-08-16) August 16, 1932
New York City, New York
Nationality American
Alma mater Stanford University
University of California, San Diego
Occupation U.S. Navy Underwater Demolition Team, commercial diver, aquanaut
Spouse(s) Barbara Robbins (m. 1954)
Karen Pryor (m. 2016)
Children 6
Parent(s) Charles Lindbergh
Anne Morrow Lindbergh

Jon Morrow Lindbergh (born August 16, 1932)[1] is an underwater diver from the United States. He has worked as a United States Navy demolition expert and as a commercial diver, and was one of the world's earliest aquanauts in the 1960s. He was also a pioneer in cave diving. He is the oldest surviving child of aviator Charles Lindbergh and writer Anne Morrow Lindbergh.

Newsreel image of Charles and Jon Lindbergh arriving in England in 1936.

Early life

Jon Lindbergh was born on August 16, 1932, five months after the kidnapping and death of his older brother, Charles Lindbergh, Jr.[1] Jon's parents had discovered the name "Jon" in a book about Scandinavian history.[2][3] During his mother's pregnancy with him, his parents received large numbers of letters and phone calls threatening his life.[4] In 1935, photographers forced a car in which one of Jon's teachers was driving him home off the road in order to take pictures of him. Jon then began to be protected by a detective with a sawed-off shotgun. The Lindberghs soon decided to leave the United States and traveled to England.[5][6][7]

Lindbergh's father tried to teach him how to swim when he was three years old by repeatedly throwing him into the deep end of a swimming pool.[8] In spring 1940 (when he was seven), his father placed him in a pasture with a butting ram in order to learn to protect himself from it.[9] As a teenager, Lindbergh was allowed to make a solo three-day boat trip.[10] He also learned to fly before leaving for college, but his father advised him not to pursue aviation as a career.[11]

Cave diver, U.S. Navy and commercial diver

In March 1953, when Lindbergh was a marine biology student at Stanford University, he made the first successful cave dive in the United States at Bower Cave in California. The dive was part of an expedition organized by speleologist Raymond de Saussure. Lindbergh discovered a hidden chamber inside the cave, confirming Saussure's theory that the nearby swimming spa was fed from such a chamber. Lindbergh returned the next month to photograph the underwater lake from a rubber raft.[12][13] Lindbergh also took up mountain climbing and skydiving while in college. After his second year, he moved out of his dormitory into a tent in the foothills of the Coast Range.[11] As a senior at Stanford, Lindbergh took part in an expedition to Mount Shasta in California, during which Werner Hopf, a 30-year-old electronics engineer from the Stanford Research Institute, fell and was seriously injured. Hopf died despite the efforts of Lindbergh and his other companions to save him.[14]

Lindbergh graduated from Stanford, where he had been a member of the Navy ROTC, and did postgraduate work at the University of California, San Diego. He served for three years as a frogman with the United States Navy Underwater Demolition Team (UDT), reaching the rank of Lieutenant.[10][11][15] He then became a commercial diver, working for Offshore Divers, Inc. in Santa Barbara, California, and making dives from offshore oil rigs on the West Coast of the United States at depths between 230 and 400 feet.[16]

Man in Sea project

In June–July 1964, Lindbergh participated in Edwin Link's second Man in Sea experiment, conducted in the Berry Islands (a chain in the Bahamas). Lindbergh's fellow diver for this venture was Robert Sténuit, who had become the world's first aquanaut in 1962. Sténuit and Lindbergh stayed in Link's SPID habitat (Submersible, Portable, Inflatable Dwelling) for 49 hours underwater at a depth of 432 feet, breathing a helium-oxygen mixture.[17][18][19][20][21] Lindbergh dictated telegrams to each of his children during his stay in SPID.[22]

Personal life

Lindbergh married Barbara Robbins on March 20, 1954, in Northfield, Illinois. They were the parents of six children, including aviator and artist Erik Lindbergh (born in 1965).[23][24][25] Lindbergh later married Karen Pryor, the daughter of Philip Wylie.[26][27] When his father was dying, Lindbergh took charge of transporting him from New York City to Hawaii to die, and helped build his father's grave.[28]

References

  1. 1 2 Hertog, Susan (1999). Anne Morrow Lindbergh: Her Life. New York: Nan A. Talese, Doubleday. pp. 215–216, 489. ISBN 0-385-46973-X.
  2. ↑ Berg, A. Scott (1998). Lindbergh. New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons. p. 283. ISBN 0-399-14449-8.
  3. ↑ Hertog, p. 220.
  4. ↑ Hertog, p. 212.
  5. ↑ Berg, pp. 339-341.
  6. ↑ Hertog, pp. 278-280.
  7. ↑ Thompson, Bob (September 10, 1998). "Flight From Celebrity". Washington Post. p. B1. Retrieved May 16, 2012.
  8. ↑ Milton, Joyce (1993). Loss of Eden: A Biography of Charles and Anne Morrow Lindbergh. New York: HarperCollins. p. 425. ISBN 0-06-016503-0.
  9. ↑ Hertog, p. 377.
  10. 1 2 Milton, p. 426.
  11. 1 2 3 Berg, p. 504.
  12. ↑ "Dive Reveals Hidden Cavern: Jon Lindbergh makes a discovery". Life 34 (21): 129–130, 132. May 25, 1953.
  13. ↑ Burgess, Robert F. (1999). "Lindbergh and the Underground Lake". The Cave Divers. Locust Valley, New York: Aqua Quest Publications. pp. 44–49. ISBN 1-881652-11-4. LCCN 96-39661.
  14. ↑ "Tragedy On Frozen Mountain Slope: Climbing party which includes Jon Lindbergh fails to save companion in fall on icy Mount Shasta". Life 35 (24): 43–44. December 14, 1953.
  15. ↑ Cargile, Edward C. (2002). "Bio: CMDR. DOUG FANE". Community Communications. Retrieved May 16, 2012.
  16. ↑ Sténuit, Robert (1966). The Deepest Days. Trans. Morris Kemp. New York: Coward-McCann. p. 156. LCCN 66-10428.
  17. ↑ Link, Edwin A. (April 1965). "Outpost Under the Ocean". National Geographic (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society) 127 (4): 530–533.
  18. ↑ Sténuit, Robert (April 1965). "The Deepest Days". National Geographic (Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society) 127 (4): 534–547.
  19. ↑ The Deepest Days (Sténuit), passim.
  20. ↑ Link, Marion Clayton (1973). Windows in the Sea. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. ISBN 0-87474-130-0. LCCN 72-93801.
  21. ↑ MacInnis, Joe (1975). Underwater Man. New York: Dodd, Mead & Company. pp. 53–68. ISBN 0-396-07142-2. LCCN 75-680.
  22. ↑ The Deepest Days (Sténuit), p. 176.
  23. ↑ Hertog, pp. 439, 489.
  24. ↑ Pritchett, Rachel (June 21, 2008). "Home With Ties to Westinghouse, Lindbergh Families for Sale". Kitsap Sun (Bremerton, Washington). Retrieved May 16, 2012.
  25. ↑ "Erik Lindbergh Biography". Spirit of St. Louis 2 Project. 2007. Retrieved May 16, 2012.
  26. ↑ "Gale T. Pryor Is Wed to Karl D. Leabo". The New York Times. July 15, 1985. Retrieved November 16, 2013.
  27. ↑ Hertog, p. 489.
  28. ↑ Berg, pp. 554, 557.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Saturday, April 23, 2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.