Joseph Kaplan
Joseph Kaplan (September 8, 1902 — October 3, 1991) was a Hungarian-born American physicist. [1][2][3][4][5]
Kaplan was notable for his studies of atmospheric phenomena, for his international activities in geophysics.[1][3] Kaplan also participated in efforts to launch the first Earth satellite.[5] Kaplan was a member of the National Academy of Sciences,[1][3] a fellow of the Institute of Aeronautical Sciences,[3] chairman of the U.S. National Committee for the International Geophysical Year,[1][4][5] the founder and first director of the Institute of Geophysics at the University of California (later known as the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics),[1][4][5] an aerospace adviser to Presidents Dwight D. Eisenhower and Richard M. Nixon,[1][4] a recipient of the Smithsonian Institution's Hodgkins Medal in 1967,[4] the head of the Air Force's Air Weather Service during World War II,[1] a professor and professor emeritus of physics at the University of California, Los Angeles,[1] a fellow of American Geophysical Union,[3] an honorary member of American Meteorological Society,[3] a fellow of American Physical Society,[3] an honorary member of National Association of Science Writers,[3] and a founding member of the International Academy of Astronautics.[3]
The Los Angeles Times said that Kaplan was "a pioneer in the chemistry and physics of the stratosphere".[4] The Baltimore Sun called him "an expert on auroras and similar lights in the sky".[2]
Notable awards and distinctions
- the John Adams Fleming Award of the American Geophysical Union (1970)[3]
- the Commemorative Medal for the 50th Anniversary of the American Meteorological Society (1969)[3]
- the Hodgkins Medal and Prize from the Smithsonian Institution[3]
- the Astronautical Award from the American Rocket Society[3]
- the War Department's Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service (1947)[3]
- the Air Force's Exceptional Civilian Service Award (1960 and 1969)[3]
- the degree of doctor of science from Carleton College and the University of Notre Dame[3]
- L.H.D. degrees from Yeshiva University, Hebrew Union College, Jewish Institute of Religion, and the University of Judaism[3]
Career and life
Kaplan was born in Tapolca, Hungary in 1902. In 1910 at the age of 8 he immigrated to the United States with his parents and 11 brothers and sisters. He graduated from Johns Hopkins University with a B.S. degree in chemistry and a M.S. and Ph.D. in physics. He spent his entire academic career at the University of California at Berkeley (1928–1970). Kaplan died of a heart attack on October 3, 1991 in Santa Monica, California at the age of 89.
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 New York Times:Joseph Kaplan, 89, a Researcher Of Atmospheric Phenomena, Dies; By SETH FAISON; October 7, 1991
- 1 2 Baltimore Sun:Joseph Kaplan, 89, who was professor emeritus of physics. October 13, 1991
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 National Academies Press:Biographical Memoirs:Joseph Kaplan,By William W. Kellogg and Charles A. Barth
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lod Angeles Times:Joseph Kaplan; Pioneered in Study of Stratosphere;October 05, 1991
- 1 2 3 4 NASA history;Sputnik Biographies;Joseph Kaplan