KMO (gene)

Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (kynurenine 3-hydroxylase)
Identifiers
Symbols	KMO ; dJ317G22.1
External IDs	OMIM: 603538 MGI: 2138151 HomoloGene: 2729 ChEMBL: 2145 GeneCards: KMO Gene
EC number	1.14.13.9
Gene ontology Molecular function • kynurenine 3-monooxygenase activity • NAD(P)H oxidase activity • flavin adenine dinucleotide binding Cellular component • mitochondrion • mitochondrial outer membrane • mitochondrial inner membrane • cytosol • integral component of membrane • extracellular exosome Biological process • tryptophan catabolic process • response to salt stress • tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine • NAD metabolic process • quinolinate biosynthetic process • 'de novo' NAD biosynthetic process from tryptophan • cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process • anthranilate metabolic process • small molecule metabolic process • secondary metabolite biosynthetic process • oxidation-reduction process • kynurenine metabolic process Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8564	98256
Ensembl	ENSG00000117009	ENSMUSG00000039783
UniProt	O15229	Q91WN4
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003679	NM_133809
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003670	NP_598570
Location (UCSC)	Chr 1: 241.53 – 241.6 Mb	Chr 1: 175.62 – 175.66 Mb
PubMed search

Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KMO gene.^[1][2]

Kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (KMO; EC 1.14.13.9) is an NADPH-dependent flavin monooxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation of the L-tryptophan metabolite L-kynurenine to form L-3-hydroxykynurenine.[supplied by OMIM]^[2] This is the first step in the degradation of Kyneurinine to Quinolinic acid. This pathway is involved in the activation of cytokine mediated changes in behavior due to inflammatory stimuli such as infections.^[3]

References

1. Alberati-Giani D, Cesura AM, Broger C, Warren WD, Rover S, Malherbe P (Sep 1997). "Cloning and functional expression of human kynurenine 3-monooxygenase". FEBS Lett 410 (2-3): 407–12. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00627-3. PMID 9237672.
2. "Entrez Gene: KMO kynurenine 3-monooxygenase (kynurenine 3-hydroxylase)".
3. Dantzer R, O'Connor JC, Lawson MA, Kelley KW (2011), "Inflammation-associated Depression: From Serotonin to Kyneurenine", Psychoneuroendocrinology 36 (3): 426–36, doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.09.012, PMID 21041030

Further reading

• Stone TW, Darlington LG (2002). "Endogenous kynurenines as targets for drug discovery and development.". Nature reviews. Drug discovery 1 (8): 609–20. doi:10.1038/nrd870. PMID 12402501.
• Aoyama N, Takahashi N, Saito S, et al. (2006). "Association study between kynurenine 3-monooxygenase gene and schizophrenia in the Japanese population.". Genes, Brain and Behavior 5 (4): 364–8. doi:10.1111/j.1601-183X.2006.00231.x. PMID 16716206.
• Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.". Nature 441 (7091): 315–21. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.
• Ligam P, Manuelpillai U, Wallace EM, Walker D (2005). "Localisation of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and kynurenine hydroxylase in the human placenta and decidua: implications for role of the kynurenine pathway in pregnancy.". Placenta 26 (6): 498–504. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2004.08.009. PMID 15950064.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Halford S, Freedman MS, Bellingham J, et al. (2001). "Characterization of a novel human opsin gene with wide tissue expression and identification of embedded and flanking genes on chromosome 1q43.". Genomics 72 (2): 203–8. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6469. PMID 11401433.
• Breton J, Avanzi N, Magagnin S, et al. (2000). "Functional characterization and mechanism of action of recombinant human kynurenine 3-hydroxylase.". Eur. J. Biochem. 267 (4): 1092–9. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.2000.01104.x. PMID 10672018.