Kandalaksha

Kandalaksha (English)
Кандалакша (Russian)
-  Town  -

A view to Kandalaksha

Location of Murmansk Oblast in Russia
Kandalaksha
Location of Kandalaksha in Murmansk Oblast
Coordinates: 67°09′N 32°24′E / 67.150°N 32.400°E / 67.150; 32.400Coordinates: 67°09′N 32°24′E / 67.150°N 32.400°E / 67.150; 32.400
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status
Country Russia
Federal subject Murmansk Oblast
Administrative district Kandalakshsky District
Municipal status
Municipal district Kandalakshsky Municipal District
Urban settlement Kandalaksha Urban Settlement
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 35,654 inhabitants[1]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[2]
Founded 11th century
Town status since April 20, 1938[3]
Postal code(s)[4] 184041
Dialing code(s) +7 81533
Kandalaksha on Wikimedia Commons

Kandalaksha (Russian: Кандала́кша; Finnish: Kantalahti, also Kandalax or Candalax in the old maps; Norwegian: Kandalaksja; Karelian: Kannanlakši; Skolt Sami: Käddluhtt) is a town in Kandalakshsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located at the head of Kandalaksha Gulf on the White Sea, north of the Arctic Circle. Population: 35,654 (2010 Census);[1] 40,564 (2002 Census);[5] 54,080 (1989 Census).[6]

History

The settlement has existed since the 11th century. In the 13th century, it became a part of the Novgorod Republic along with the southern part of the Kola Peninsula, and in 1478 was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In 1915, the construction of a seaport started, and in 1918 a railroad connecting Moscow to Murmansk running through Kandalaksha was opened. On August 29, 1927, Kandalaksha was made the administrative center of the newly established Kandalakshsky District,[7] and on June 1, 1932, it was granted work settlement status.[3] Status of a town of district significance was granted to it on April 20, 1938.[3] On February 9, 1940, Kandalaksha was administratively separated from the district and granted the status of a town of oblast significance.[3]

In July 1941, during World War II, the town was the primary target of an unsuccessful German-Finnish offensive which attempted to cut the strategic Murman Railway.

By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of March 19, 1959, the Councils of Deputies of Kandalaksha and of Kandalakshsky District were merged into one Kandalaksha Town Council of Deputies.[8] While the district was nominally retained as a separate administrative division, all its subdivisions were administratively subordinated to the town's Council of Deputies.[8]

Since 1995, Vitino oil port operates near Beloye More a few kilometers south of Kandalaksha.

Kandalaksha Mayor Nina Varlamova was murdered in an attack in December 2008.[9]

International relations

Kandalaksha railway station

Twin towns and sister cities

Kandalaksha is twinned with:

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  2. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Ð¤ÐµÐ´ÐµÑ€Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ð¹ закон â„–107-ФЗ Ð¾Ñ‚ 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона â„–248-ФЗ от 21 июля 2014 г. Â«Ðž внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу Ð¿Ð¾ истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", â„–120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  3. 1 2 3 4 Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, pp. 52–53
  4. ↑ Local post office info http://www.russianpost.ru/PostOfficeFindInterface/FindOPSByPostOfficeID.aspx?index=184041
  5. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов â€“ районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 Ñ‚ысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  6. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 Ð³. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð° [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  7. ↑ Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 35
  8. 1 2 Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 55
  9. ↑ Malpas, Anna (2008-12-18). "Mayor Stabbed To Death". Moscow Times. Retrieved 2009-01-12.

Sources

External links

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