Kandalaksha
Kandalaksha (English) Кандалакша (Russian) | |
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- Town - | |
![]() A view to Kandalaksha | |
![]() Location of Murmansk Oblast in Russia | |
![]() ![]() Kandalaksha | |
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Administrative status | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Murmansk Oblast |
Administrative district | Kandalakshsky District |
Municipal status | |
Municipal district | Kandalakshsky Municipal District |
Urban settlement | Kandalaksha Urban Settlement |
Statistics | |
Population (2010 Census) | 35,654 inhabitants[1] |
Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[2] |
Founded | 11th century |
Town status since | April 20, 1938[3] |
Postal code(s)[4] | 184041 |
Dialing code(s) | +7 81533 |
Kandalaksha on Wikimedia Commons |
Kandalaksha (Russian: КандалаÌкша; Finnish: Kantalahti, also Kandalax or Candalax in the old maps; Norwegian: Kandalaksja; Karelian: KannanlakÅ¡i; Skolt Sami: Käddluhtt) is a town in Kandalakshsky District of Murmansk Oblast, Russia, located at the head of Kandalaksha Gulf on the White Sea, north of the Arctic Circle. Population: 35,654 (2010 Census);[1] 40,564 (2002 Census);[5] 54,080 (1989 Census).[6]
History
The settlement has existed since the 11th century. In the 13th century, it became a part of the Novgorod Republic along with the southern part of the Kola Peninsula, and in 1478 was annexed by the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In 1915, the construction of a seaport started, and in 1918 a railroad connecting Moscow to Murmansk running through Kandalaksha was opened. On August 29, 1927, Kandalaksha was made the administrative center of the newly established Kandalakshsky District,[7] and on June 1, 1932, it was granted work settlement status.[3] Status of a town of district significance was granted to it on April 20, 1938.[3] On February 9, 1940, Kandalaksha was administratively separated from the district and granted the status of a town of oblast significance.[3]
In July 1941, during World War II, the town was the primary target of an unsuccessful German-Finnish offensive which attempted to cut the strategic Murman Railway.
By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of March 19, 1959, the Councils of Deputies of Kandalaksha and of Kandalakshsky District were merged into one Kandalaksha Town Council of Deputies.[8] While the district was nominally retained as a separate administrative division, all its subdivisions were administratively subordinated to the town's Council of Deputies.[8]
Since 1995, Vitino oil port operates near Beloye More a few kilometers south of Kandalaksha.
Kandalaksha Mayor Nina Varlamova was murdered in an attack in December 2008.[9]
International relations
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Twin towns and sister cities
Kandalaksha is twinned with:
References
Notes
- 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ ПравительÑтво РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации. Федеральный закон â„–107-ФЗ от 3 Ð¸ÑŽÐ½Ñ 2011 г. «Об иÑчиÑлении времени», в ред. Федерального закона â„–248-ФЗ от 21 Ð¸ÑŽÐ»Ñ 2014 г. «О внеÑении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об иÑчиÑлении времени"». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу по иÑтечении шеÑтидеÑÑти дней поÑле Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ (6 авгуÑта 2011 г.). Опубликован: "РоÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð³Ð°Ð·ÐµÑ‚Ð°", â„–120, 6 Ð¸ÑŽÐ½Ñ 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- 1 2 3 4 Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, pp. 52–53
- ↑ Local post office info http://www.russianpost.ru/PostOfficeFindInterface/FindOPSByPostOfficeID.aspx?index=184041
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "ЧиÑленноÑть наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð Ð¾ÑÑии, Ñубъектов РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации в ÑоÑтаве федеральных округов, районов, городÑких поÑелений, ÑельÑких наÑелённых пунктов – районных центров и ÑельÑких наÑелённых пунктов Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñелением 3 тыÑÑчи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1989 г. ЧиÑленноÑть наличного наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñоюзных и автономных реÑпублик, автономных облаÑтей и округов, краёв, облаÑтей, районов, городÑких поÑелений и Ñёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). ИнÑтитут демографии Ðационального иÑÑледовательÑкого универÑитета: Ð’Ñ‹ÑÑˆÐ°Ñ ÑˆÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð° Ñкономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 35
- 1 2 Administrative-Territorial Division of Murmansk Oblast, p. 55
- ↑ Malpas, Anna (2008-12-18). "Mayor Stabbed To Death". Moscow Times. Retrieved 2009-01-12.
Sources
- Ðрхивный отдел ÐдминиÑтрации МурманÑкой облаÑти. ГоÑударÑтвенный Ðрхив МурманÑкой облаÑти. (1995). ÐдминиÑтративно-территориальное деление МурманÑкой облаÑти (1920-1993 гг.). Справочник. МурманÑк: МурманÑкое издательÑко-полиграфичеÑкое предприÑтие "Север".
External links
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