Kapitan Khlebnikov (icebreaker)
 Kapitan Khlebnikov and penguins in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. | |
| History | |
|---|---|
 Russia
| |
| Name: | Kapitan Khlebnikov |
| Namesake: | Kapitan Khlebnikov |
| Owner: | |
| Operator: | Quark Expeditions |
| Route: | Arctic and Antarctic cruising |
| Builder: | Wärtsilä Helsinki shipyard, Finland |
| Launched: | 1981 |
| Homeport: | Vladivostok |
| Fate: | in service |
| Notes: | [2][3] |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type: | Icebreaker |
| Displacement: | 12,288 tons |
| Length: | 122.50 m |
| Beam: | 26.50 m |
| Draught: | 8.50 m |
| Ice class: | KM * LL3 [2] А2 passenger |
| Installed power: | Main engines: 6 diesel sets producing 24,200 horsepower (18.5MW) |
| Propulsion: | 3 twin DC electric motors each turning a 22m long propeller shaft to which is attached a 4 bladed 4.3m diameter propeller with hardened steel blades. Blades can be changed at sea in the event of damage. |
| Speed: |
|
| Complement: | Guests: 108 |
| Crew: | Staff & Crew: 70 |
| Aircraft carried: | Two helicopters are carried to help with navigation in ice and for tourist trips. |
| Aviation facilities: | Hangars |
The Kapitan Khlebnikov (Russian: Капита́н Хле́бников, IPA: [kəpʲɪˈtan ˈxlʲɛbnʲɪkəf]) is a Russian (formerly Soviet) icebreaker. The vessel now operates as a cruise ship offering excursions to the Arctic and Antarctic.
History
The Kapitan Khlebnikov was completed in Finland in 1981[3] as one of five Kapitan Sorokin class icebreakers. She was refitted in 1990 as a tour ship.[4] and was the first ship to circumnavigate Antarctica with passengers in 1996-97.[5]
In February 2006 the Kapitan Khlebnikov reached the Bay of Whales in the Antarctic, reaching 78° 40.871' south and equalling the record set by Roald Amundsen in the Fram in 1911.[6]
In November 2009, the ship was briefly stuck in a bay near to Snow Hill Island whilst carrying tourists and a BBC film crew. The ship was placed a few days behind schedule but not endangered.[7]
Construction and layout
A polar-class icebreaker, combining power and technology with creature comforts, Kapitan Khlebnikov was originally designed for the rigors of northern Siberia.[2] The vessel has twin-decks with superstructure and engine room in the middle, an icebreaker bow and transom stern.[3] The stern region is cushioned to allow for the close towing of other vessels when helping them through the ice.
Passenger accommodation is in 54 cabins and suites, with 2 dining rooms, a lounge and bar. Facilities include a heated indoor swimming pool, exercise room and sauna, theatre-style auditorium and shop. The library has a collection of polar-themed books.[2]
The double hull has water ballast between, with pumps that can move ballast water at up to 74 tonnes a minute to aid ice breaking. The hull thickness is 45mm at the ice skirt and 25-35mm elsewhere. Friction between the ship and the ice is reduced by a polymer-paint coating at the level of the ice skirt. An air bubbling system helps ice breaking. Air can be forced under pressure from 2m above the keel from the bow to halfway down the ship.[4]
Service
In addition to charters for scientific missions, and for supplying mines and other resource exploitation industries, the vessel is chartered for adventure cruises.[8]
Stuck in the ice
The Kapitan Khlebnikov was trapped in Antarctic ice in mid November 2009.[9][10] The Guardian reports that 101 passengers, mainly United Kingdom citizens, were among the 184 trapped ship's complement. The excursion was called the "Emperor Penguin Safari", and was arranged by an adventure travel firm called "Exodus". Three of the UK passengers were a BBC film crew, working on a documentary. The documentary, entitled "Frozen Planet", was broadcast in 2011.
End of an Era
Kapitan Khlebnikov retired as a passenger vessel in March 2012, returning to escort duties in the Russian Arctic.[11] Quark Expeditions marked the occasion with a series of itineraries and special guests. The icebreaker made a full circumnavigation of the Arctic from July 10, 2011 to September 13, 2011. The circumnavigation lasted for 66 days and included helicopter tours and adventure activities.
See also
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Kapitan Khlebnikov. |
She is one of four large icebreakers operated by the Far East Shipping Company:
References
- ↑ "ISP Fleet Information".
- 1 2 3 "Kapitan Khlebnikov: Icebreaker". Quark Expeditions. Retrieved 2008-07-20.
- 1 2 3 "FESCO vessels: Kapitan Khlebnikov". Fesco Transport Group. Retrieved 2008-07-20.
- 1 2 "Kapitan Khlebnikov, a conventionally powered ice breaker". Cool Antarctica. Retrieved 2008-07-20.
- ↑ "Kapitan Khlebnikov". Ocean Adventures. Retrieved 2008-07-20.
- ↑ Discover the World
- ↑ "Ice-trapped Britons on move again". BBC News Online. 2009-11-17. Retrieved 2009-11-17.
- ↑ Stephen Hartshorne (2008). "Sailing the Historic Northwest Passage in a Polar-Class Icebreaker". Go Nomad. Retrieved 2008-03-04.
- ↑ Haroon Siddique (2009-11-17). "Ship heads for port after being stranded in Antarctic ice". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 2009-11-17.
- ↑ "'Penguin tourists' trapped by Antarctic sea ice Icebreaker's owner says 100 passengers need not worry". Canada.com. 2009-11-17. Archived from the original on 2009-11-18.
- ↑ "Kapitan Khlebnikov's End of an Era: Icebreaker Travelers Generate Bittersweet Success for Quark Expeditions". Marketwire. 2010-01-05. Archived from the original on 2010-01-14.
External links
- General information on the Kapitan Khlebnikov at Quark Expeditions
- Hughes, Peter (February 10, 2007). "The last continent". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2007-02-23. - Hughes describes his journey on the Kapitan Khlebnikov