Karabakh movement

Karabakh movement
Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the dissolution of the Soviet Union

A 2013 post stamp dedicated to the 25th anniversary of the movement showing people with raised fists in Yerevan's Theatre Square and the Opera Theatre in the background in 1988
Date February 1988 — 1991
Location Soviet Armenia (mainly Yerevan)
Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast
Goals Unification of Nagorno-Karabakh with Armenia
Methods Demonstrations, sit-ins, strikes, hunger strike, student protest, civil disobedience
Result Establishment of the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic
Escalation of the Nagorno-Karabakh War
Parties to the civil conflict
Lead figures
Number
Yerevan:
1 million[2]
400,000[3]
300,000[4]
200,000[5]

The Karabakh movement (Armenian: Ղարաբաղյան շարժում, also the Artsakh Movement[6][7] Արցախյան շարժում) was a mass nationalist movement[8] in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh from 1988 to 1992 that advocated for the transfer of the mainly Armenian-populated Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of neighboring Soviet Azerbaijan to the jurisdiction of Soviet Armenia.

Initially, the movement was entirely devoid of any anti-Soviet sentiment and did not call for independence of Armenia. The Karabakh Committee, a group of intellectuals, led the movement from 1988 to 1989. It transformed into the Pan-Armenian National Movement (HHSh) by 1989 and won majority in the 1990 parliamentary election. In 1991, both Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh declared independence. The intense fighting known as the Nagorno-Karabakh War turned into a full-scale war by 1992.

Timeline

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

References

  1. Flag of Armenia was adopted on August 24, 1990.
  2. "Pravda Talks of Ethnic Woes". New York Times. 19 April 1988. Retrieved 16 July 2013. As many as one million people demonstrated in the Armenian capital of Yerevan in February to demand that Nagorno-Karabakh be made part of Armenia
  3. https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WYVKAAAAIBAJ&sjid=-CINAAAAIBAJ&pg=3373,2883235&dq=baku+armenians&hl=en
  4. "Mass Protests Said to Flare In Soviet Armenian Capital". New York Times. 31 May 1988. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
  5. "Soviet Armenia erupts in protests". The Daily News. 24 February 1988. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
  6. "An event dedicated to the 25th anniversary of the Artsakh Movement taken place at the US Congress". Ministry of Foreign Affairs Nagorno-Karabakh Republic. 13 February 2012. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  7. "The Artsakh Movement started on this day 25 years ago". Public Radio of Armenia. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
  8. Panossian, Razmik (2006). The Armenians: From Kings and Priests to Merchants and Commissars. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 385. ISBN 9780231139267. The Gharabagh movement in Armenia—as mobilised for and through the issue of the enclave’s unification to the republic—is a prime example of a mass nationalist movement.
  9. 1 2 "Reports of demonstrations in Yerevan and Clashes in Mountainous Karabagh.". Asbarez. 24 October 1987. Archived from the original on September 14, 2007. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
  10. de Waal 2003, p. 11.
  11. "Karabakh Armenians mark 25th anniversary of liberation movement". ArmeniaNow. 14 February 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2013.
  12. Verluise 1995, p. 86.
  13. 1 2 Verluise 1995, p. 87.
  14. Verluise 1995, p. 89.
  15. 1 2 3 Verluise 1995, p. 90.
  16. 1 2 3 Verluise 1995, p. 91.
  17. 1 2 3 4 Verluise 1995, p. 92.
  18. 1 2 3 4 Verluise 1995, p. 93.
  19. 1 2 3 Verluise 1995, p. 97.
  20. Verluise 1995, p. 99.
  21. Zürcher, Christoph (2007). The Post-Soviet Wars: Rebellion, Ethnic Conflict, and Nationhood in the Caucasus ([Online-Ausg.]. ed.). New York: New York University Press. p. 168. ISBN 9780814797099.

Bibliography

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