Karatepe Bilingual

Karatepe Bilingual

Material	Stone
Writing	Phoenician language and Luwian language hieroglyphs
Created	8th century BC
Discovered	1946
Present location	Karatepe-Aslantaş Open-Air Museum, southern Turkey

Phoenician script part of the Karatepe Bilingual at the North Gate.

Example text of Phoenician alphabet at Karatepe-Aslantaş Open-Air Museum.

Luwian hieroglyphs part of the Karatepe Bilingual at the South Gate.

Example text in Hieroglyphic Luwian at Karatepe-Aslantaş Open-Air Museum.

The Karatepe Bilingual, aka Azatiwada inscription., is a bilingual inscription on stone slabs consisting of Phoenician language and Luwian language text each, which enabled the decryption of the Anatolian hieroglyphs. The artifacts were discovered at Karatepe, southern Turkey by the archaeologists Helmuth Theodor Bossert (1889–1961) and Halet Çambel (1916–2014) in 1946.^[1]

The stones featuring Karatepe Bilingual are situated along with many other statues and reliefs in sone at the Karatepe-Aslantaş Open-Air Museum, which is in turn part of the Karatepe-Aslantaş National Park.^[2][3]

Call of Azatiwada

Placed at the fortress gates, the stones presenting the Karatepe Bilıngıal inscriptions feature the "Call of Azatiwada" in the following text:^[4]

I am really Azatiwada,

Man of my Sun, the servant of Thunder God,

Rendered superior by Avaricus, and the ruler of Adanava,

Thunder God rendered me Mother and Father of Adanava city, and

I am the one, who developed Adanava city,

And I expanded Adanava country, both westward and eastward,

And during my reign, I made Adanava city tastes prosperity, satiety and comfort, and I filled the grain warehouses,

I added horse to horse, shield to shield, army to army, everything for Thunder God and the deities,

I defeated the feint of the feinters,

I expelled country's bad men,

I built palaces for myself, made my family comfortable, and ascended my father's throne, I made peace with all the kings,

Also the kings respected me as ancestor for my justice, my wisdom and my kind heart,

I built strong fortifications at all my borders, where bad men and gang leaders are,

I, Azatiwada, trod all the people, who did not obey the House of Mopsus,

I destroyed the fortifications there, I built fortifications so that people of Adanava can live in peace and comfort,

I bet strong kingdoms in the west my predecessors were not able to,

I, Azatiwada, bet them, made them vassal to me, and resttled them within my borders in the east,

And during my reign, I expanded the borders of Adanava both westward and eastward,

So that women nowadays wander spindling on the isolated trails, where men in the past feared to go,

And during my reign, there was prosperity, satiety, peace and comfort,

And Adanava and Adanava country were living in peace,

And I built this fortress, and named it Azatiwadaya,

Thunder God and the deities directed me to do this so that this fortress becomes protector of Adana Plains and the House of Mopsus,

During my reign, there was prosperity and peace in the territory of Adana Plains, no one of Adanava people was sabred during my reign,

And I built this fortress, and named it Azatiwadaya,

I placed Thunder God there, and offered it sacrifices,

I sacrificed an ox every year, a sheep in the plowing time and a sheep in the fall,

I blessed Thunder God, it endowed me long days, countless years and huge power over all kings,

And the folk, which settled in this country, owned ox, herd, food and drink, had plenty issue, and became servant to Azatiwada and the House of Mopsus thanks to Thunder God and the deities,

When a king among the kings, a prince among the princes or a nobleman among the noblemen erases the name of Azatiwada from this gate, carves any other name; furthermore covets this city, destroys this gate built by Azatiwada, builds another gate in its place, and carves his own name on it, destroys this gate with the purpose of greed, hatred or insult then Sky deity, Nature deity and Sun of the universe and generations of all deities will wipe out this king, this prince or this nobleman from the earth,

Only the name Azatiwada is eternal, forever like the name of the Sun and the Moon.

References

1. "Karatepe". Hittite Monuments. Retrieved 2016-04-24.
2. Scham, Sandra (2008). "From the trenches Off the Grid" 61 (4). Retrieved 2016-04-28.
3. Mazzoni, Stefania (October 2008). "Karatepe-Aslantaş: Azatiwataya. Die Bildwerke". American Journal of Archaeology Online 112 (4). Retrieved 2016-04-29.
4. "Karatepe-Aslantaş Azatawitaya ve Halet Çanbel" (in Turkish). Arkeoloji Dünyası. Retrieved 2016-04-26.

External links

• Hawkins,John David & Halet Çambel (1999). Corpus of Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions: Karatepe-Aslantaş : the inscriptions. Walter de Gruyter. p. 122. ISBN 978-311-014-8701.
• Çambel, Halet & Asli Özyar (2003). Karatepe-Aslantaş: Azatiwataya. Die Bildwerke. Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern. p. 164. ISBN 3-8053-3085-5.