Karl-Otto Apel

Karl-Otto Apel
Born (1922-03-15) 15 March 1922
Düsseldorf, Germany
Alma mater University of Bonn
Era Contemporary philosophy
Region Western philosophy
School Critical theory
Pragmatism
Institutions University of Mainz
University of Saarbrücken
University of Frankfurt am Main
Main interests
 Philosophy of language, ethics
Notable ideas
 Transcendental pragmatics

Karl-Otto Apel (German: [ˈaːpl̩]; born 15 March 1922) is a German philosopher and Professor Emeritus at the University of Frankfurt am Main. He developed a distinctive philosophical approach which he called "transcendental pragmatics" (Transzendentalpragmatik).[1]

Life

Apel grew up during the political crises of the Weimar Republic. In 1940 he was a war volunteer with his entire graduating class. After the Second World War Apel studied from 1945 to 1950 at the University of Bonn, first history and intellectual history, before he committed himself as a student of Erich Rothacker on philosophy.[2][3] In 1950, he received his doctorate from Bonn with a thesis on Martin Heidegger.

Academic positions

Apel was appointed lecturer at the University of Mainz in 1961. He was a full professor of philosophy at the University of Kiel from 1962 to 1969, at the University of Saarbrücken from 1969 to 1972, and at the University of Frankfurt am Main from 1972 to 1990.[4] In 1990 he transferred to emeritus status. He has held a number of visiting and guest professorships at universities around the world.

He was made a Member of the Academia Europaea in 1989 and a Full Member of the Academia Scientiarum et Artium Europaea in 1993. In 2001 he was awarded the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Philosophy

Apel worked in ethics, the philosophy of language and human sciences. He wrote extensively in these fields, publishing mostly in German. Apel's work brings together the Analytical and Continental philosophical traditions, especially pragmatism and the critical theory of the Frankfurt School.

In Understanding and Explanation: A Transcendental-Pragmatic Perspective,[5] Apel reformulated the difference between understanding (Verstehen) and explanation (Erklärung), which originated in the hermeneutics of Wilhelm Dilthey and interpretive sociology of Max Weber, on the basis of a Peircean-inspired transcendental-pragmatic account of language. This account of the "lifeworld" would become an element of the theory of communicative action[6] and discourse ethics, which Apel co-developed with Jürgen Habermas. Strategic rationality both claim to stand in need of communicative rationality that is seen as, in several regards, more fundamental.[7] While sympathetic to Habermas's Theory of Communicative Action, Apel has been critical of aspects of Habermas's approach. Apel has proposed that a theory of communication should be grounded in the transcendental-pragmatic conditions of communication. After taking his point of departure from Apel, Habermas has moved towards a "weak transcendentalism" that is more closely tied to empirical social inquiry.

Apel has also written works on Charles Sanders Peirce and is a past president of the C.S. Peirce Society.

An early German-speaking adversary of so-called critical rationalism, Apel published a critique of the philosophy of Karl Raimund Popper: In Transformation der Philosophie (1973), Apel charged Popper with being guilty of, amongst other things, a pragmatic contradiction.[8][9]

From the 1970s to the 1990s, Apel influenced some other philosophers writing in Europe, the Americas, and Asia.

List of works

References

  1. ↑ Andreas Dorschel (ed.), Transzendentalpragmatik, Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main 1993.
  2. ↑ Hösle, Vittorio (24 September 1997). Die Krise der Gegenwart und die Verantwortung der Philosophie. C.H.Beck. pp. 110–115. ISBN 978-3406392740.
  3. ↑ Reese-Schäfer, Walter (1990). Karl-Otto Apel zur Einführung. Hamburg: Junius Verlag. pp. 15–21. ISBN 978-3885068617.
  4. ↑ Deutsche National Bibliothek. "Apel, Karl-Otto". http://d-nb.info/. Deutsche National Biblothek. Retrieved 19 August 2014. External link in |website= (help)
  5. ↑ Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1984.
  6. ↑ Witzany, Guenther (1991). Transzendentalpragmatik und Ek-sistenz. Normenbegruendung - Normendurchsetzung. Verlag Die Blaue Eule, Essen.
  7. ↑ For an assessment of this claim: Andreas Dorschel, 'Ist strategisches Handeln ergänzungsbedürftig? Karl-Otto Apels These und ihre Begründung', in: Archives européenes de sociologie XXX (1989), pp. 123-149.
  8. ↑ "Apel, Karl-Otto", La philosophie de A à Z, by Elizabeth Clement, Chantal Demonque, Laurence Hansen-Love, and Pierre Kahn, Paris, 1994, Hatier, 19-20.
  9. ↑ Towards a Transformation of Philosophy (Marquette Studies in Philosophy, No 20), by Karl-Otto Apel, trans., Glyn Adey and David Fisby, Milwaukee, 1998, Marquette University Press.

External links

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