Kavangoland

The former flag of Kavangoland.

Kavangoland was a bantustan in South West Africa (present-day Namibia), intended by the apartheid government to be a self-governing homeland for the Kavango people. It was set up in 1970 and self-government was granted in 1973.

Kavangoland, like other homelands in South West Africa, was abolished in May 1989 at the start of the transition to independence.

See also

Apartheid Bantustans in South Africa and South-West Africa

South Africa

Nominal Independence	Bophuthatswana Ciskei Transkei Venda

Self-Governance	Gazankulu KaNgwane KwaNdebele KwaZulu Lebowa QwaQwa

South-West Africa

Nominal Independence	Bushmanland Damaraland Kaokoland Namaland Rehoboth Tswanaland

Self-Governance	East Caprivi Hereroland Kavangoland Ovamboland

Leaders and Administrators

After Nominal Independence

Head of State:	Lucas Mangope (1968–94) Rocky Malebane-Metsing (Feb 1988)

Administrator:	Tjaart Van der Walt and Job Mokgoro (Mar–Apr 1994)

No central government established

Head of State:	Lennox Sebe (1981–90) Oupa Gqozo (1990–94)

Administrator:	Pieter van Rensburg Goosen and Bongani Blessing Finca (Mar–Apr 1994)

Head of State:	Justus ǁGaroëb (1980–89)

No central government established

Head of State:	Cornelius Cloete (1980–85) Daniel Luipert (1985–89)

Head of State:	Johannes "Hans" Diergaardt (1979–89)

Head of State:	Botha Sigcau (1976–78) Zwelibanzi Maneli Mabandla (1978–79) Kaiser Daliwonga Matanzima (1979–86) Tutor Nyangelizwe Vulindlela Ndamase (1986–94)

Administrator:	Bantu Holomisa (1987–94) (Head of Military Council)

Head of State:	Constance Kgosiemang (1980–89)

Head of State:	Patrick Mphephu (1978–88) Frank N. Ravele (1988–90) Gabriel Ramushwana (1990–94) Tshamano G. Ramabulana (Jan–Apr 1994)

After Self-Governance

Chief Minister:	Josiah Moraliswane (Mar–Sept 1976) Richard Muhinda Mamili (1976–81)

Chairman:	Josiah Moraliswane (1981–84) H.J. Becker (Jul–Aug 1984) F.P.J. Visagie (1984–86) I.J. van der Merwe (Mar–Aug 1986) A.G. Visser (1986–89)

Chief Minister:	Hudson William Edison Ntsanwisi (1973–93) Edward Mhinga (Mar-Apr 1993) Samuel Dickenson Nxumalo (1993–94)

Chairman:	Hosea Kutako (1968–70) Clemens Kapuuo (1970–78) Kuaima Riruako (1978–80) Thimoteus Tjamuaha (1980–84) Erastus Tjejamba (1987–88) Gottlob Mbaukua (1984–89)

Chief Minister:	Enos John Mabuza (1970–81, 1984-91) Mangisi Cephas Zitha (1991–94)

Administrator:	N.J. Badenhorst (June-Dec 1982) Enos John Mabuza (1982–84)

Chief Minister:	Linus Shashipapo (1973–77) Alfons Shashipapo (1977–81) Sebastiaan Kamwanga (1981–89)

Chief Minister:	Simon Skosana (1981–86) Klaas Mtshiweni (Nov 1986) George Majozi Mahlangu (1986–89) Jonas Masana Mabena (1989–90) James Mahlangu (1990–94)

Chief Minister:	Mangosuthu Buthelezi (1977–94)

Chief Minister:	Mokgama Maurice Matlala (1972–73) Cedric Namedi Phatudi (1973–87) Z.T. Seleka (Oct 1987) Mogoboya Nelson Ramodike (1987–94)

Chief Minister:	Filemon Elifas (1973–75) Cornelius Thuhageni Njoba (1975–81) Peter Kalangula (1981–89)

Chief Minister:	Wessel Motha (1974–75) Tsiame Kenneth Mopeli (1975–94)

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