Kawahla people

Kawahla is an ethnic group of Eastern Sudan.^[1][2][3] They speak Sudanese Arabic and members of this ethnicity are Muslims. They are a major subgroup of the Sudanese Arabs and are part of the Ja'alin tribe.^[4] The population of this ethnicity exceeds 1,000,000 and they used to settle among the Beja. They came to the east of Sudan from Saudi Arabia by the Red Sea. One of their hobbies was robbing camels and sheep from any tribe that entered their territory, one of the most famous Kawahla for stealing is the Nifadiea tribe of Al harres who stole most of the oil in Sudan in the 20th Century.

The Kawahla are known to be the descents of Zubayr ibn al-Awam and Khalid ibn al-Walid^[5] and has over 90 Segments of the tribe it is also the biggest tribe in Sudan most of the Kawhla are farmers one of the main crops they grow is sorghum, wheat, cotton, beans (luba) and other fruits such as La loba and Nabag. Studies of the Kawahla in Kurdufan found that they migrate from the wet season pasture to grazing land near permanent wells to wait for the dry season.^[6] Hedley Vicars encountered the Kawahla and, when they asked him to settle their dispute with other tribes, he ruled over them.^[7] Lord Edward Gleichen also wrote about the Kawahla.^[8][9]

References

1. Rural Development in White Nile Province, Sudan: A Study of Interaction Between Man and Natural Resources, Issue 59. United Nations University. 1986. p. 66. ISBN 9280805797. Retrieved September 8, 2015. |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)
2. Johnson, David Hamilton; Anderson, David M. (2011). The Ecology of Survival: Case Studies from Northeast African History. I.B. Tauris. p. 158. ISBN 1870915003. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
3. Kramer, Robert S.; Lobban Jr., Richard A.; Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (2013). Historical Dictionary of the Sudan. Scarecrow Press. p. 148-331. ISBN 0810879409. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
4. Olson, James Stuart (1996). The Peoples of Africa: An Ethnohistorical Dictionary. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 278. ISBN 0313279187. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
5. MacMichael, Harold Alfred (1922). A History of the Arabs in the Sudan and Some Account of the People who Preceded Them and of the Tribes Inhabiting Dárfūr, Volume 2. Cambridge University Press. p. 194. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
6. Jousse, Hélène; Lesur, Joséphine (2011). People and Animals in Holocene Africa: Recent Advances in Archaeozoology. Africa Magna Verlag. p. 105. ISBN 3937248277. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
7. Manger, Leif O. (1994). From the Mountains to the Plains: The Integration of the Lafofa Nuba Into Sudanese Society. Nordic Africa Institute. p. 44. ISBN 9171063366. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
8. The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, Volume 1. Sudan: H. M. Stationery Office. 1905. p. 109-325. Retrieved September 8, 2015.
9. Gleichen, Edward (1905). The Anglo-Egyptian Sudan: A Compendium Prepared by Officers of the Sudan Government, Volume 2. Sudan: H. M. Stationery Office. p. 67-164. Retrieved September 8, 2015.