Gogugwon of Goguryeo

Gogugwon of Goguryeo
Hangul 고국원태왕, 국원태왕, 국강상태왕
Hanja 故國原王, 國原王, 國岡上王
Revised Romanization Gogugwon-taewang, Gugwon-taewang, Gukgangsang-taewang
McCune–Reischauer Kogugwŏn-taewang, Kugwŏn-taewang, Kukkangsang-taewang
Birth name
Hangul 고사유 or 유 or 쇠
Hanja 高斯由 or 劉 or 釗
Revised Romanization Go Sayu or Yu or Soe
McCune–Reischauer Ko Sayu or Yu or Soe
Monarchs of Korea
Goguryeo
  1. King Chumo 37-19 BCE
  2. King Yuri 19 BCE-18 CE
  3. King Daemusin 18-44
  4. King Minjung 44-48
  5. King Mobon 48-53
  6. King Taejodae 53-146
  7. King Chadae 146-165
  8. King Sindae 165-179
  9. King Gogukcheon 179-197
  10. King Sansang 197-227
  11. King Dongcheon 227-248
  12. King Jungcheon 248-270
  13. King Seocheon 270-292
  14. King Bongsang 292-300
  15. King Micheon 300-331
  16. King Gogug-won 331-371
  17. King Sosurim 371-384
  18. King Gogug-yang 384-391
  19. King Gwanggaeto 391-413
  20. King Jangsu 413-490
  21. King Munja 491-519
  22. King Anjang 519-531
  23. King An-won 531-545
  24. King Yang-won 545-559
  25. King Pyeong-won 559-590
  26. King Yeong-yang 590-618
  27. King Yeong-nyu 618-642
  28. King Bojang 642-668

King Gogugwon of Goguryeo (?-371, r. 331-371)[1] was the 16th king of Goguryeo, the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He was the son of King Micheon and Lady Ju.[1]

Goguryeo faced devastation by the Murong Xianbei people who attacked Goguryeo. Hwando was destroyed again by them in 341. Buyeo was also destroyed by the Xianbei in 346.[2]

The reign of Gogukwon was severely suffered from continuous foreign invasions, not only those of Chinese forces including Xianbei but also of Baekje, southernwest part of Korean peninsular. Particularly, the Xianbei state of Former Yan invaded the capital in 342, capturing Queen Ju, the mother of Gogukwon and his concubines and also digging up the corpse of his father, Micheon. Since the capital was thoroughly destroyed, Gogukwon firstly constructed Guknae seong as an alternative fortress in northern sphere[3] and temporaily moved the capital to Pyongyang, present-day capital of North Korea.[4] While he could get back the corpse of his father, it took about 13 years for his mother to return to Goguryeo.[1]

In the meantime, Baekje was expanding its hegemony into east China, Wa(current Japan) and also into sphere of Goguryeo under King Geunchogo’s expansionism. In 369, Gogukwon personally led expedition more than 20,000 troops.[5] Without success, Geunchogo's son Geungusu overtook counterattack and killed Gogugwon in battle at Pyongyang Castle, the only ruler of Goguryeo died in a battlefield.[1] He was buried in Gogugwon.

Depiction in arts and media

in the South Korean drama The King of Legend, actor Lee Jongwon portrays King Sayu or Gogugwon of Goguryeo (16th Taewang of Goguryeo). He is primarily portrayed as an open antagonist against Baekja and its leadership on many different levels.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "King Gogukwon". KBS Radio. KBS. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  2. ↑ Chun, Ho-tae (2007). Koguryŏ = Koguryo, the origin of Korean power & pride. Sŏul-si: Tongbuga Yŏksa Chaedan. pp. 19–21. ISBN 9788991448834.
  3. ↑ Kim, Bushik (1145). Samguk Sagi. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  4. ↑ Kim, Bushik (1145). Samguk Sagi. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  5. ↑ Yoon, Nae-hyun; Lee, Hyun-hee; Park, Sung-soo (2005). New history of Korea. Paju: Jimoondang. p. 150. ISBN 9788988095850.
Gogugwon of Goguryeo
Died: 371
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Micheon		 King of Goguryeo
331–371 		Succeeded by
Sosurim
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