Kingdom of Brazil
Not to be confused with Empire of Brazil
| Kingdom of Brazil | ||||||
| Reino do Brasil | ||||||
| Constituent kingdom of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves | ||||||
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| Capital | Rio de Janeiro | |||||
| Languages | Portuguese | |||||
| Religion | Roman Catholic | |||||
| Government | Absolute monarchy | |||||
| Monarch | ||||||
| • | 1815-1816 | Maria I | ||||
| • | 1816-1822 | João VI | ||||
| Prince Regent | ||||||
| • | 1815-1816 | John of Bragança | ||||
| • | 1816-1821 | Position vacant | ||||
| • | 1821-1822 | Pedro of Bragança | ||||
| History | ||||||
| • | Established | December 16, 1815 | ||||
| • | Disestablished | September 7, 1822 (de facto) | ||||
The Kingdom of Brazil (Portuguese: Reino do Brasil) was a constituent kingdom of United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves.
Creation
The legal entity of the Kingdom of Brazil was created by a law issued by Prince Regent John of Portugal, Prince of Brazil, Duke of Braganza, in name of his mother, Queen Maria I of Portugal, on 16 December 1815, which elevated the State of Brazil to the rank of a Kingdom within the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves.
By a decree issued on 22 April 1821 ahead of his departure from Brazil to Portugal, King John VI appointed his firstborn son and heir, Prince Pedro de Alcantara, the Prince Royal of the United Kingdom, as Regent of the Kingdom of Brazil, with delegated powers to discharge the "general government and entire administration of the Kingdom of Brazil" as the King's placeholder, thus granting the Kingdom of Brazil a devolved administration within the United Kingdom.
Dissolution
On 7 September 1822, Prince Pedro, Prince Royal of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves, Regent of Brazil, declared Brazilian Independence. On 12 October 1822, Prince Pedro became the first Emperor of the newly independent country, thus founding the Empire of Brazil. Brazil's independence was only recognized with the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro, in 1825, by which the Kingdom of Brazil, within the larger United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves, was formally dissolved and Brazil's independence was recognized and granted by the Kingdom of Portugal.
As per one of the clauses of the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro, King John VI of Portugal and the Algarves, formerly King John VI of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves, was granted the personal title of titular Emperor of Brazil, thus having stayed monarch of Brazil, in title, until his death in 1826.
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