Lamnidae
| Mackerel sharks Temporal range: Upper Cretaceous–Recent | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Great white shark Carcharodon carcharias | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Superorder: | Selachimorpha |
| Order: | Lamniformes |
| Family: | Lamnidae J. P. Müller and Henle, 1838 |
| Genera | |
Lamnidae is a family of sharks, commonly known as mackerel sharks or white sharks. They are large, fast-swimming sharks, found in oceans worldwide. The name of the family is formed from the Greek word, lamna, which means fish of prey, and was derived from the Greek legendary creature, the Lamia.[2]
These sharks have pointed snouts, spindle-shaped bodies, and large gill openings. The first dorsal fin is large, high, stiff and angular or somewhat rounded. The second dorsal and anal fins are minute. The caudal peduncle has a couple or less distinct keels. The teeth are gigantic. The fifth gill opening is in front of the pectoral fin and spiracles are sometimes absent. They are heavily built sharks, sometimes weighing nearly twice as much as sharks of comparable length from other families. Many sharks in the family are among the fastest-swimming fish, although the massive Carcharodon is slower due to its great size.
Genera and species
The family contains five living species in three genera and the following selected extinct genera and species:[1]
- Genus † Carchariolamna Hora, 1939
- †Carchariolamna heroni Hora, 1939(large)
- Genus Carcharodon Smith, 1838
- Carcharodon carcharias (Linnaeus, 1758) (great white shark)
- †Carcharodon megalodon Agassiz, 1843 (megatooth shark) (disputed, might be from the family Otodontidae)
- †Carcharodon caifassii Lawley, 1876
- †Carcharodon hubbelli Ehret, Macfadden, Jones, Devries, Foster & Salas-Gismondi, 2012
- Genus †Corax Agassiz 1843
- Genus † Cosmopolitodus Glikman, 1964
- Genus Isurus Rafinesque, 1810
- Isurus oxyrinchus Rafinesque, 1810 (shortfin mako)
- Isurus paucus Guitart-Manday, 1966 (longfin mako)
- †Isurus desori Agassiz, 1843
- †Isurus flandricus Leriche, 1910
- †Isurus minutus Agassiz, 1843
- †Isurus nakaminatoensis Saito, 1961
- †Isurus planus Agassiz, 1856
- †Isurus praecursor Leriche, 1905
- †Isurus rameshi Mehrotra, Mishra & Srivastava, 1973
- Genus † Isurolamna Cappetta, 1976
- †Isurolamna affinis Casier, 1946
- †Isurolamna bajarunasi Glikman & Zhelezko, 1985
- †Isurolamna gracilis Le Hon, 1871
- †Isurolamna inflata Leriche, 1905
- Genus † Karaisurus Kozlov in Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999
- †Karaisurus demidkini Kozlov in Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999
- Genus † Lamiostoma Glikman, 1964
- †Lamiostoma belyaevi Glikman, 1964
- †Lamiostoma stolarovi Glikman & Zhelezko in Zhelezko & Kozlov, 1999
- Genus Lamna Cuvier, 1816
- Lamna ditropis Hubbs & Follett, 1947 (salmon shark)
- Lamna nasus Bonnaterre, 1788 (porbeagle)
- †Lamna attenuata Davis, 1888
- †Lamna carinata Davis, 1888
- †Lamna hectori Davis, 1888
- †Lamna marginalis Davis, 1888
- †Lamna quinquelateralis Cragin, 1894
- †Lamna trigeri Coquand, 1860
- †Lamna trigonata Agassiz, 1843
- Genus † Lethenia Leriche, 1910
- †Lethenia vandenbroecki Winkler, 1880
- Genus † Macrorhizodus Glikman, 1964
- †Macrorhizodus americanus Leriche, 1942
- †Macrorhizodus nolfi Zhelezko, 1999
- Genus †Parotodus Cappetta, 1980
- †Parotodus benedenii Le Hon, 1871
- †Parotodus mangyshlakensis Kozlov, 1999
- †Parotodus pavlovi Menner, 1928
See also
References
- 1 2 Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2009). "Lamnidae" in FishBase. January 2009 version.
- ↑ ISBN 9781258302863: A source-book of biological names and terms, 1944, Edmund Carroll Jaeger
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2006). "Lamnidae" in FishBase. March 2006 version.
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