Lipetsk
Lipetsk (English) Липецк (Russian) | |
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- City[1] - | |
![]() In Lipetsk | |
![]() Location of Lipetsk Oblast in Russia | |
![]() ![]() Lipetsk | |
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Anthem | none[2] |
City Day | Third Sunday in July[3] |
Administrative status (as of December 2014) | |
Country | Russia |
Federal subject | Lipetsk Oblast[1] |
Administratively subordinated to | Lipetsk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
Administrative center of | Lipetsk Oblast,[1] Lipetsky District,[1] Lipetsk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
Municipal status (as of December 2014) | |
Urban okrug | Lipetsk Urban Okrug[4] |
Administrative center of | Lipetsk Urban Okrug,[4] Lipetsky Municipal District[4] |
Head[5] | Mikhail Gulevsky[6] |
Representative body | Council of Deputies[5] |
Statistics | |
Population (2010 Census) | 508,887 inhabitants[7] |
- Rank in 2010 | 36th |
Population (January 2014 est.) | 509,719 inhabitants[8] |
Time zone | MSK (UTC+03:00)[9] |
Founded | 1703[10] |
City status since | September 27, 1779[10] |
Postal code(s)[11] | 398000–398002, 398004–398007, 398011, 398013–398017, 398019, 398020, 398024–398027, 328029, 328032, 328035–328038, 328040–328043, 328046, 328048, 328050, 328054–328056, 328058, 328059, 328070, 328700, 328899, 328910, 328999 |
Dialing code(s) | +7 4742 |
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Lipetsk on Wikimedia Commons |
2010 Census | 508,887[7] |
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2002 Census | 506,114[12] |
1989 Census | 449,635[13] |
1979 Census | 395,638[14] |
Lipetsk (Russian: Липецк; IPA: [ˈlʲipʲɪtsk]) is a city and the administrative center of Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, located on the banks of the Voronezh River in the Don basin, 438 kilometers (272 mi) southeast of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 508,887.[7]
History
Lipetsk was first mentioned in the 13th century chronicles. The name means "Linden city" and is cognate with Leipzig and LiepÄja.[15] In 1284, the city was destroyed by the Mongols.
The foundation of the modern city dates back to 1703,[10] when Peter the Great ordered construction of a cast iron factory in Lipetsk near the iron ore deposits for making artillery shells. On September 27, 1779, Lipetsk was granted town status.[10] It became one of the principal towns of Tambov Governorate.
In 1879, Lipetsk hosted a congress of members of Land and Liberty.
In the mid-1920s, the much-reduced German Army (Reichswehr) of the Weimar Republic secretly contracted with Soviet authorities to operate a clandestine military aviation base and test facility near Lipetsk – circumventing prohibitions of the Versailles Treaty. The base enabled technical collaboration by the two powers whose separate defeats in World War I left them isolated in post-war Europe. This activity inside the U.S.S.R. took place away from the vigilant eyes of the victors.[16]
Administrative and municipal status
Lipetsk is the administrative center of the oblast and, within the framework of administrative divisions, it also serves as the administrative center of Lipetsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as Lipetsk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with a status equal to that of the districts.[1] As a municipal division, Lipetsk City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Lipetsk Urban Okrug.[4]
Economy
The principal industries of Lipetsk include ferrous metallurgy, machinery, metalworking, machine tools, engines, chemicals, food, and clothing.
The former steel combine was privatized in 1992 and Novolipetsk Steel (NLMK) with approximately 48,000 employees and an 64% export ratio (2005) is one of the largest employers in the oblast. In 2008, the company's revenue was $11.7 billion.[17] Other industry are another metallurgical plant "Svobodny Sokol" ("Free Falcon"), a tractor factory LTZ, solvent-extraction plant Liboil (largest rapeseed oil producer in Central Federal District and the second in Russia), pipe factory, a factory for refrigerators and household appliances, an ice factory, lathe factory, chemical factories, etc. Industry is mainly located south of the Voronezh River.
Transportation
Since 1868, there is a railway connection between Lipetsk and Moscow.[18] Trams, trolleybuses and buses provide local public transportation. The municipality aspires to renovate the tramway network as it is largely segregated from motor traffic. It has negotiated a 10-year, RUR 30 billion loan from the European Bank of Reconstruction & Development for tramway renewal.[19]
Health care
Lipetsk is one of the oldest mud bath and balneological resorts in Russia (first opened in 1805). Peat mud and chalybeate bicarbonate calcic springs are used to treat patients. Sulphate and chloride sodium water is used for therapeutic baths and drinking.
Education
Lipetsk is home of the Lipetsk State Technical University, Lipetsk State Pedagogical University, and some other colleges.
Military
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At the Lipetsk Air Base north of the town, the 4th Center of Combat Application and Conversion of Frontline Aviation named after Valery Chkalov is situated in Lipetsk.
The Lipetsk Air Center's chief, colonel Kharchevsky, has become famous after trial air combats in the United States and being a personal pilot of President Putin.
The city is also served by the smaller Lipetsk Airport.
Twin towns and sister cities
Lipetsk is twinned with:
Country | City | Start |
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![]() | Cottbus[20] | 1974 |
![]() | Anshan | 1992 |
![]() | Fabriano | 2003 |
![]() | Vinnytsia | |
See also
References
Notes
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Law #382-OZ
- ↑ Article 3 of the Charter of Lipetsk states that the city may have its own anthem; however, as of 2015 no anthem has been adopted.
- ↑ Charter of Lipetsk, Article 4
- 1 2 3 4 Law #536-OZ
- 1 2 Charter of Lipetsk, Article 5
- ↑ Official website of Lipetsk. Mikhail Vladimirovich Gulevsky, Head of Lipetsk (Russian)
- 1 2 3 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
- ↑ Lipetsk Oblast Territorial Branch of the Federal State Statistics Service. Оценка чиÑленноÑти городÑкого и ÑельÑкого наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ городÑким округам и муниципальным районам (Russian)
- ↑ ПравительÑтво РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации. Федеральный закон â„–107-ФЗ от 3 Ð¸ÑŽÐ½Ñ 2011 г. «Об иÑчиÑлении времени», в ред. Федерального закона â„–248-ФЗ от 21 Ð¸ÑŽÐ»Ñ 2014 г. «О внеÑении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об иÑчиÑлении времени"». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу по иÑтечении шеÑтидеÑÑти дней поÑле Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑƒÐ±Ð»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ (6 авгуÑта 2011 г.). Опубликован: "РоÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð³Ð°Ð·ÐµÑ‚Ð°", â„–120, 6 Ð¸ÑŽÐ½Ñ 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #248-FZ of July 21, 2014 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
- 1 2 3 4 Charter of Lipetsk, Article 1
- ↑ Почта РоÑÑии. Информационно-вычиÑлительный центр ОÐСУ РПО. (Russian Post). ПоиÑк объектов почтовой ÑвÑзи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
- ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "ЧиÑленноÑÑ‚ÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð Ð¾ÑÑии, Ñубъектов РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации в ÑоÑтаве федеральных округов, районов, городÑких поÑелений, ÑельÑких наÑелённых пунктов – районных центров и ÑельÑких наÑелённых пунктов Ñ Ð½Ð°Ñелением 3 Ñ‚Ñ‹ÑÑчи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Ð’ÑероÑÑийÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1989 г. ЧиÑленноÑÑ‚ÑŒ наличного наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñоюзных и автономных реÑпублик, автономных облаÑтей и округов, краёв, облаÑтей, районов, городÑких поÑелений и Ñёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). ИнÑтитут демографии Ðационального иÑÑледовательÑкого универÑитета: Ð’Ñ‹ÑÑˆÐ°Ñ ÑˆÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð° Ñкономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
- ↑ "Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1979 г. Ðациональный ÑоÑтав наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ регионам РоÑÑии. (All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia.)". Ð’ÑеÑÐ¾ÑŽÐ·Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÐ¿Ð¸ÑÑŒ наÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 1979 года (All-Union Population Census of 1979) (in Russian). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1979. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
- ↑ http://bibliotekar.ru/encMir/70.htm
- ↑ Wolf Oschlies: Symbiose der Geächteten. Preußische Allgemeine Zeitung, Nr. 38, 19. September 2009, p. 10
- ↑ Novolipetsk Steel posts $480 net loss for Oct.-Dec. 2008
- ↑ Train Station in Lipetsk (Russian)
- ↑
- ↑ "Our twin cities- Cottbus". http://www.cottbus.de/. Retrieved 2013-06-24. External link in
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Sources
- Липецкий городÑкой Совет депутатов. Решение â„–990 от 24 Ñ„ÐµÐ²Ñ€Ð°Ð»Ñ 2015 г. «УÑтав городÑкого округа город Липецк Липецкой облаÑти РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации», в ред. Ð ÐµÑˆÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ â„–1070 от 30 Ð¸ÑŽÐ½Ñ 2015 г. «О внеÑении изменений в УÑтав городÑкого округа город Липецк Липецкой облаÑти РоÑÑийÑкой Федерации». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу 21 марта 2015 г. (за иÑключением отдельных положений). Опубликован: "Ð›Ð¸Ð¿ÐµÑ†ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð³Ð°Ð·ÐµÑ‚Ð°", â„–55, 21 марта 2015 г. (Lipetsk City Council of Deputies. Decision #990 of February 24, 2015 Charter of the Urban Okrug of the City of Lipetsk of Lipetsk Oblast of the Russian Federation, as amended by the Decision #1070 of June 30, 2015 On Amending the Charter of the Urban Okrug of the City of Lipetsk of Lipetsk Oblast of the Russian Federation. Effective as of March 21, 2015 (with the exception of certain clauses).).
- Липецкий облаÑтной Совет депутатов. Закон â„–382-ОЗ от 28 Ð°Ð¿Ñ€ÐµÐ»Ñ 2010 г. «Об админиÑтративно-территориальном уÑтройÑтве Липецкой облаÑти и порÑдке его изменениÑ», в ред. Закона â„–343-ОЗ от 5 Ð´ÐµÐºÐ°Ð±Ñ€Ñ 2014 г. «О внеÑении изменений в некоторые Законы Липецкой облаÑти в ÑвÑзи Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑŠÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑельÑких поÑелений ДобринÑкий ÑельÑовет и СафоновÑкий ÑельÑовет ДобринÑкого муниципального района Липецкой облаÑти». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу по иÑтечении 10 дней Ñо Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ опубликованиÑ. Опубликован: "Ð›Ð¸Ð¿ÐµÑ†ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð³Ð°Ð·ÐµÑ‚Ð°", â„–88, 7 Ð¼Ð°Ñ 2010 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #382-OZ of April 28, 2010 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Lipetsk Oblast and on the Procedures for Its Change, as amended by the Law #343-OZ of December 5, 2014 On Amending Various Laws of Lipetsk Oblast Due to the Merger of the Rural Settlements of Dobrinsky Selsoviet and Safonovsky Selsoviet in Dobrinsky Municipal District of Lipetsk Oblast. Effective as of the day which is 10 days after the day of the official publication.).
- Липецкий облаÑтной Совет депутатов. Закон â„–114-ОЗ от 2 Ð¸ÑŽÐ»Ñ 2004 г. «О наделении муниципальных образований в Липецкой облаÑти ÑтатуÑом городÑкого округа, муниципального района, городÑкого и ÑельÑкого поÑелениÑ», в ред. Закона â„–343-ОЗ от 5 Ð´ÐµÐºÐ°Ð±Ñ€Ñ 2014 г. «О внеÑении изменений в некоторые Законы Липецкой облаÑти в ÑвÑзи Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑŠÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑельÑких поÑелений ДобринÑкий ÑельÑовет и СафоновÑкий ÑельÑовет ДобринÑкого муниципального района Липецкой облаÑти». Ð’Ñтупил в Ñилу Ñо Ð´Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ñ„Ð¸Ñ†Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ опубликованиÑ. Опубликован: "Ð›Ð¸Ð¿ÐµÑ†ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð³Ð°Ð·ÐµÑ‚Ð°", â„–131, 8 Ð¸ÑŽÐ»Ñ 2004 г. (Lipetsk Oblast Council of Deputies. Law #536-OZ of August 18, 2011 On Granting Urban Okrug, Municipal District, Urban and Rural Settlement Status to the Municipal Formations of Lipetsk Oblast, as amended by the Law #343-OZ of December 5, 2014 On Amending Various Laws of Lipetsk Oblast Due to the Merger of the Rural Settlements of Dobrinsky Selsoviet and Safonovsky Selsoviet in Dobrinsky Municipal District of Lipetsk Oblast. Effective as of the day of the official publication.).
External links
- Official website of Lipetsk (Russian)
- Unofficial website of Lipetsk (Russian)
- Lipetsk news (Russian)
- Website of Lipetsk Chamber of Commerce and Industry
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