List of Islamic texts
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Qur'an
The Qur'an is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims consider the verbatim word of God and the final divine revelation. It is regarded widely as the finest piece of literature in the Arabic language.[1][2] Muslims believe that the Qur'an was verbally revealed through the angel Jibrīl (Gabriel) from God to Muhammad over a period of approximately twenty-three years beginning in 610 AD. Furthermore, Muslims believe that the Quran was precisely memorized, recited and exactly written down by Muhammad's companions, the Sahaba. Quran include narration of Islamic Prophet starting from Adam to last Muhammad, and given importance to events related with all and gradual transformation.
- Text of the Quran
The text of the Qur'an consists of 114 chapters of varying lengths, each known as a sura. Each sura is formed from several verses, called ayats.
- Commentaries and exegesis (tafsīr)
A body of commentary and explication (tafsīr), aimed at explaining the meanings of the Quranic verses.
- Reasons of revelation (asbāb al-nuzūl)
Asbāb al-nuzūl is a secondary genre of Qur'anic exegesis (tafsir) directed at establishing the context in which specific verses of the Qur'an were revealed.
- Translations
Muslims believe that the full meaning of the Qur'an cannot be translated, and that translations can only convey the general concept. Nonetheless, it was first translated during the 7th century in Persian. During the 9th century, it was also translated to Sindhi and Gujrati, and in the 12th century to Latin and European languages.[3]
Sunna
Sunna denotes the practice of Islamic prophet Muhammad that he taught and practically instituted as a teacher of the sharī‘ah and the best exemplar.[4] The sources of sunna are usually oral traditions found in collections of Hadith and Sīra (prophetic biography). Unlike the Qur'an, Muslims do not agree on the same set of texts or sources of Sunnah, and they emphasize different collections of hadith based on to which Islamic school or branch they belong.
Hadith (Traditions of the prophet)
Hadīth are sayings, act or tacit approval, validly or invalidly, ascribed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad. 6 major books of hadith collections related to sunni Islam are known as sahae sittah. These are:
Sahi Bukhari, Sahih Muslaim, Sunan Nasai, Sunan Abu Dawood, Jamia Al-Tirmidhi, Sunan Ibn Majah.
Books by Ahl al-Bayt
These books are relevant only to Shia Islam, and were written or revealed to members of the family of Muhammad, Ahl al-Bayt.
- Nahj al Balagha (by Ali ibn Abi Talib)
- Al-Jafr (book) (by Ali ibn Abi Talib)
- Book of Fatimah (by Fatimah, the daughter of Muhammad)
- Risalah al-Huquq (by Ali ibn Husayn Zayn al-Abidin
- Golden dissertation by Imam Reza
- Al-Sahifat al-Ridha by Imam Reza
- Al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya by Imam Sajjad
- Prophetic biography (Sīra)
See also
Notes
- ↑ Alan Jones, The Koran, London 1994, ISBN 978-1-84212-609-7, opening page.
- ↑ Arthur Arberry, The Koran Interpreted, London 1956, ISBN 978-0-684-82507-6, p. x.
- ↑ "Qur'an | sacred text". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2016-03-03.
- ↑ Islahi, Amin Ahsan (1989 (tr:2009)). "Difference between Hadith and Sunnah". Mabadi Tadabbur i Hadith (translated as: Fundamentals of Hadith Intrepretation) (in Urdu). Lahore: Al-Mawrid. Retrieved 1 June 2011. Check date values in:
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