List of Wazamono
This list of Wazamono is a list of 228 swordsmiths[1] (or 180 depending on the method of counting[2]) of katana and other weapons in the book KaihÅ kenjaku (æ‡å®å‰£å°º Pocket Treasured Sword Length)[2] or KaihÅ-kenshaku, released in 1815[2] by Yamada Asaemon.[1][2] (Yamada Asaemon V was one among a direct line of official sword testers for the bakufu during the Edo Period, every generation of whom inherited that name).
The work lists 12 saijÅ Åwazamono (最上大æ¥ç‰© "supreme sharpness swords"), 21 Åwazamono (大æ¥ç‰© "great sharpness swords"), 50 ryÅwazamono (良æ¥ç‰© "good sharp swords"), 80 wazamno (æ¥ç‰© wazamono, "sharp swords"), and 60 (65?) makes with mixed levels of sharpness.
As is well-known, the names of Japanese swords take after its maker. Thus by "sword" here, the "make of the sword", i.e., the signature mark of the swordsmith is meant.
The authoritative list, compiled by the samurai whose job was testing a katana, had been and is still used as a benchmark for a katana. However, this list has also been used by those who sell fake katana.
The list does cover both shintÅ (new sword) as well as the kotÅ (old sword). However it omits pieces by the most preeminent smiths from the kotÅ period (900 to 1596 AD), blades by e.g. SÅshÅ« Masamune, SÅshÅ« Sadamune, Bizen Nagamitsu and Ise Muramasa. Such treasure swords never underwent test-cutting during the Edo Period, being considered too valuable as historical art objects to risk damage.
In the following list, the generation designation is converted to Roman numeral, thus Shodai (åˆä»£)="I (first generation)"; Nidai (二代)="II (second generation)", etc.
SaijÅ Åwazamono
12 in this category.
- Osafune Hidemitsu (長船秀光)
- Mihara Masaie (三原æ£å®¶) I
- Osafune Motoshige (長船元é‡)
- Nagasone Okisato (長曾弥興里) = Nagasone Kotetsu (虎徹) I
- Nagasone Okimasa (長曾弥興æ£) = Kotetsu II
- Seikan Kanemoto (清関兼元) = Kanemoto I
- Magoroku Kanemoto (å«å…兼元) = Kanemoto II
- Izumi no Kami Kanesada (ja:和泉守兼定) = Kanesada II or "Nosada"
- Sendai Kunikane I (åˆä»£ä»™å°å›½åŒ…)
- Sukehiro I = Soboro Sukehiro (ソボãƒåŠ©åºƒ)
- Tadayoshi I (åˆä»£å¿ å‰)
- Tadayoshi III = Mutsu no Kami Tadayoshi (é™¸å¥¥å®ˆå¿ å‰)
ÅŒwazamono
21 in this category.
- Takatenjin Kaneaki (高天神兼明)
- KashÅ« Kanewaka I (åŠ å·žå…¼è‹¥)
- Kanenori (兼則)
- Iyo DaijÅ Katsukuni I (伊予大掾åˆä»£å‹å›½)
- Horikawa Kunihiro (å €å·å›½åºƒ)
- Izumi no Kami Kunisada I (åˆä»£å’Œæ³‰å®ˆå›½è²ž)
- Horikawa Kuniyasu (å €å·å›½å®‰)
- Higo no Kami Kuniyasu I (肥後守国康 (åˆä»£))
- Tsushima no Kami Sadashige I (å¯¾é¦¬å®ˆè²žé‡ (åˆä»£))
- Yosozaemon Sukesada (与三左衛門ç¥å®š)[2]
- TÅshiro Sukesada (藤四郎ç¥å®š)[2]
- Tsuda Sukehiro (津田助広)
- ÅŒmi DaijÅ Tadahiro (è¿‘æ±Ÿå¤§æ¤½å¿ åºƒ)
- Echigo no Kami Kanesada II (越後守包貞 (二代))
- Fujishima Tomoshige (藤島å‹é‡)
- Echizen no Kami Nobuyoshi (è¶Šå‰å®ˆä¿¡å‰)
- MondonoshÅ Masakiyo (ä¸»æ°´æ£æ£æ¸…)
- ShÅ«ri no Suke Morimitsu (ä¿®ç†äº®ç››å…‰)[3]
- SakyŠno Suke Yasumitsu (左京亮康光)[4]
- Ichinohira Yasuyo[2] or Ippei Yasuyo[5] (一平安代)
- Tatara Nagayuki (多々良長幸)
RyÅwazamono
50 in this category.
- Osafune Iesuke II (長船家助 (二代))
- Wakasa no Kami Ujifusa (è‹¥ç‹å®ˆæ°æˆ¿)[2]
- JirÅ Saemon Katsumitsu (次郎左衛門å‹å…‰)
- UkyÅ Susumu Katsumitsu (å³äº¬é€²å‹å…‰)
- Kanesada III (兼定 (三代))
- Seki Kanefusa (関兼房)
- Seki Kanetsune (関兼常)
- KÅzukenosuke Kaneshige (上ç·ä»‹å…¼é‡)
- Echizen Kanetane I (è¶Šå‰å…¼æ¤ (åˆä»£))[2]
- Echizen Kanenori (è¶Šå‰å…¼å‰‡)
- Aizu Kanesada (会津兼定)
- Echigo no Kami Kunihiro (越後守国儔)
- Yamashiro no Kami Kunikane II (山城守国包 (二代))[2]
- Yamashiro no DaijÅ Kunitsugu I (山城大椽国次 (åˆä»£))
- Okayama Kunimune (岡山国宗)
- ÅŒyogo Kunishige (大与五国é‡)[2][6]
- IshidÅ Korekazu I (çŸ³å ‚æ˜¯ä¸€ (åˆä»£))[2]=Musashi DaijÅ Koreichi I (æ¦è”µå¤§æ¤½æ˜¯ä¸€ (åˆä»£))
- Iga no Kami Sadatsugu (伊賀守定次)
- Nanki Shigekuni I (å—ç´€é‡å›½)
- Tsuda Ōmi no Kami Sukenao (津田近江守助直)[7]
- Osafune Sukemitsu (長船ç¥å…‰)
- Yokoyama Sukesada (横山ç¥å®š)=Sukesada IX (descndant of Eisho) (ä¹ä»£ç¥å®š (æ°¸æ£ã®æœ«è£”))[2]
- Osafune Tadamitsu (é•·èˆ¹å¿ å…‰)
- Ikkanshi Tadatsuna (一竿åå¿ ç¶±)[8]
- Settsu no Kami Tadayuki I (æ‘‚æ´¥å®ˆå¿ è¡Œ (åˆä»£))
- Mutsu Tadashige (é™¸å¥¥å¿ é‡)
- SÅshÅ« Tsunahiro I (相州綱広 (åˆä»£))[2]
- Tsushima no Kami Tsunemitsu (対馬守常光)[9]= Heki Tsunemitsu (日置常光)[2]
- Tango no Kami Naomichi (丹後守直é“)
- Osafune Norimitsu I (長船則光 (åˆä»£))
- Sukeemon Norimitsu (助å³è¡›é–€å‰‡å…‰)[2]
- Osafune Norimitsu I (長船法光 (åˆä»£))
- Osafune Norimitsu II (長船法光 (二代))
- Osafune Hidesuke (長船秀助)
- ÅŒmi no Kami Hisamichi I (è¿‘æ±Ÿå®ˆä¹…é“ (åˆä»£))
- KanabÅ Masazane (金房æ£çœŸ)[2]
- Sakakura Masatoshi I (å‚倉æ£åˆ© (åˆä»£))[2]
- Sakakura Masatoshi II (å‚倉æ£åˆ© (二代))[2]
- Yamato no DaijÅ Masanori I (大和大椽æ£å‰‡ (åˆä»£))
- Ōshū Masanaga (奥州政長)=Aizu Masanaga (会津政長)[2]
- Heki Mitsuhira (日置光平)[10]
- SakyŠno Shin Munemitsu (左京進宗光)[2][11]
- Heki Munehiro (日置宗弘)[2]
- Osafune Morikage (長船盛景)[12]=Ōmiya Morikage (大宮盛景)[2]
- Yasutsugu I (康継 (åˆä»£))
- Yasutsugu II (康継 (二代))
- Yamato no Kami Yasusada (大和守安定)
- BitchÅ« no Kami Yasuhiro (å‚™ä¸å®ˆåº·åºƒ)
- Takada Yukinaga (高田行長)
- KyÅ Yoshimichi I (京å‰é“ (åˆä»£))
- KyÅ Yoshimichi II (京å‰é“ (二代))
- ÅŒsaka Yoshimichi I (大阪å‰é“ (åˆä»£))
- ÅŒsaka Yoshimichi II (大阪å‰é“ (二代))
- Musashi no Kami Yoshikado (æ¦è”µå®ˆå‰é–€)
- Ise DaijÅ Yoshihiro (伊勢大椽å‰å¼˜)[2]
Wazamono
80 in this category.
- (Tsushima no kami) Tachibana IppÅ ((対馬守)橘一法)[13] =?Sasaki IppÅ II (ä½ã€…木一法 (ニ代))
- Tegarayama Ujishige I (手柄山æ°é‡ (åˆä»£))[2]Yamato no DaijÅ Ujishige I (大和大椽藤原æ°é‡)[14]
- KashÅ« Katsuie I (åŠ å·žå‹å®¶ (åˆä»£))
- KashÅ« Katsuie II (åŠ å·žå‹å®¶ (二代))
- Aizu Kanetomo I (ä¼šæ´¥å…¼å‹ (åˆä»£))
- Kanetane (Edo) (å…¼æ¤ (江戸))[2]
- Musashi no Kami Kanenaka (æ¦è”µå®ˆå…¼ä¸)
- Sakushū Kanekage (作州兼景)
- Tsutsui KijÅ« (ç’井紀充),[2] son of Kanekuni[15] (added below)
- Kanekuni I (包国 (åˆä»£))[2]=Tsutsui EtchÅ« no Kami Fujiwara Kanekuni (ç’井越ä¸å®ˆè—¤åŽŸåŒ…å›½)[16]
- GorÅzaemon Kiyomitsu (五郎左衛門清光)[17]
- GorÅzaemon Kiyomitsu (五郎左衛門清光)[17]
- Katsubei Kiyomitsu (å‹å…µè¡›æ¸…å…‰)[2]
- Hachiman'yama Kiyohira (八幡山清平)[2]
- Harima DaijÅ Kiyomitsu (æ’磨大椽清光)[2]
- NiŠKiyozane (二王清実)[2][18]
- Iga no Kami Kinmichi I (ä¼Šè³€å®ˆé‡‘é“ (åˆä»£))[2]
- Izumi no Kami Kinmichi I (å’Œæ³‰å®ˆé‡‘é“ (åˆä»£))[2]
- Izumi no Kami Kinmichi II (å’Œæ³‰å®ˆé‡‘é“ (二代))[2]
- Dewa DaijŠKunimichi (出羽大椽国路)[2]
- Sesshū Kunimitsu (摂州国光)
- (SessÅ« jÅ« Ikeda)Kijinmaru Kunishige[19] or Kishinmaru ~[2] ((æ‘‚å·žä½æ± ç”°)鬼神丸国é‡)
- Kunikore (Osaka) (å›½ç¶ (大å‚))[2]=Sagami no Kami Kunimasa (相模守国ç¶)[20]
- Kawachi no Kami Kunisuke I II III (åˆäºŒä¸‰ä»£æ²³å†…守国助)
- Yamashiro no Kami Kunikiyo I (山城守国清 (åˆä»£))
- Yamashiro no Kami Kunikiyo II (山城守国清 (二代))
- Aizu Kunisada (会津国貞)
- Sagami no Kami Kunitsuna (相模守国綱)
- Obama Kuniyoshi (å°æµœå›½ç¾©)[2]=?Takai Kuniyoshi (高井国義)
- KÅriyama Kunitake (郡山国æ¦)[2]=?Sugawara Kunitake (è…原国æ¦)
- Suzuki Kaga no Mori Sadanori (éˆ´æœ¨åŠ è³€å®ˆè²žå‰‡)[2]
- Izumo no Kami Sadashige (出雲守貞é‡)[2]
- Kaga no Kami Sadahiro (åŠ è³€å®ˆè²žåºƒ)
- Yamato no DaijŠSadayuki (大和大椽貞行)
- Inoue Shinkai (井上真改)[21]
- Doi ShinryŠ(土肥真了)[22]
- Umetada Shigeyoshi (åŸ‹å¿ é‡ç¾©)[23]
- Harima no DaijÅ Shigetaka I (æ’磨大椽é‡é«˜ (åˆä»£))
- Nobukuni Shigekane (信国é‡åŒ…)[2]
- Nobukuni Shigesada (信国é‡è²ž) of Nobukuni school
- Takada Shigeyuki (高田é‡è¡Œ)
- Maru Tsuda Sukehiro (丸津田助広)[2] =?Tsuda SÅsho Mei Sukehiro (æ´¥ç”°è‰æ›¸éŠ˜åŠ©åºƒ), successor of Sukehiro I (Soboro) above.
- Suketaka (Osaka) (助高 (大å‚))[2] = SesshÅ« Suketaka (摂州助高)
- = Sukenobu (Osaka) (助信 (大å‚))[2]= SesshÅ« jÅ« Minamoto no Sukenobu (æ‘‚å·žä½æºåŠ©ä¿¡)=Dewa no Kami Sukenobu (出羽守助信)[24]
- Hanabusa Sukekuni (花房ç¥å›½)[2] = Bizen no Kami YÅ«koku (å‚™å‰å®ˆç¥å›½)[25]
- Harima no DaijÅ Tadakuni I (æ’ç£¨å¤§æŽ¾å¿ å›½ (åˆä»£))[2]=Hizen jÅ« Harima no DaijÅ Fujiwara no Tadakuni I (è‚¥å‰ä½æ’ç£¨å¤§æŽ¾è—¤åŽŸå¿ å›½ (åˆä»£))[26]=Hizen Tadakuni I (è‚¥å‰å¿ 国 (åˆä»£))
- Tadayoshi IV (å››ä»£å¿ å‰)[2]
- Shinano DaijÅ Tadakuni I (ä¿¡æ¿ƒå¤§æŽ¾å¿ å›½ (åˆä»£))[2]=HeianjÅ jÅ« Tadakuni I (平安城ä½å¿ 国 (åˆä»£))[26]
- Tsuguhira I (継平 (åˆä»£))[2]
- Shimosaka Tsuguhiro (下阪継広)
- Higo no Kami Teruhiro (肥後守è¼åºƒ)
- Shitahara Terushige (下原照é‡)[27]
- Mutsu no Kami Toshinaga I (陸奥守æ³é•· (åˆä»£))
- Yamashiro no Kami Toshinaga I (山城守æ³é•· (åˆä»£))
- Musashi no Kami Tomotsune (æ¦è”µå®ˆå‹å¸¸)
- Tsunbo Nagatsuna (è¾é•·ç¶±)[28]
- Takai Nobuyoshi I (é«˜äº•ä¿¡å‰ (åˆä»£))
- HÅki no Kami Nobutaka I (伯耆守信高 (åˆä»£))
- HÅki no Kami Nobutaka II (伯耆守信高 (二代))
- JÅ«rÅ Saemon Harumitsu (å郎左衛門春光)
- Kinshiro Hisamichi (金四郎久é“)
- Yamashiro no Kami Hidetoki I (山城守秀辰 (åˆä»£))[29]
- Hiromasa (Settsu) (広政 (æ‘‚æ´¥))[2] =Wakasa no Kami Hiromasa (è‹¥ç‹å®ˆåºƒæ”¿)[30]
- HÅki no Kami Hirotaka (伯耆守汎隆)
- HÅjÅji Masahiro (法城寺æ£å¼˜)
- EtchÅ« no Kami Masatoshi (è¶Šä¸å®ˆæ£ä¿Š)
- Hizen Masahiro I (è‚¥å‰æ£åºƒ (åˆä»£)), disciple of Tadayoshi I above.
- BitchÅ« no DaijÅ Masanaga (å‚™ä¸å¤§æ¤½æ£æ°¸)
- KanabŠMasatsugu (金房政次)[2]
- Takada Muneyuki I (高田統行 (åˆä»£))[2][31]
- Shimosaka Munemichi (Munetsugu) (下å‚å®—é“(宗次))[2]=?Kazusa no DaijÅ Munemichi (上ç·å¤§æ¤½å®—é“)
- Mutsu no Kami Muneshige (陸奥守宗é‡)
- Motoyuki (Osaka) (本行 (大å‚)) [2]=Template:æ¾è‘‰æœ¬è¡Œ[32]=Kawachi no Kami Motoyuki (河内守本行)
- Senjuin Morikuni (åƒæ‰‹é™¢ç››å›½)[33]
- TÅren Morihisa (æ±é€£å®ˆä¹…)[2]=?IshidÅ Morihisa (çŸ³å ‚å®ˆä¹…)
- Yasunaga (ÅŒsaka, Settsu jÅ«) (康永 (大å‚・摂津ä½))[2]=Kawachi no Kami Yasunaga (河内守康永)[34]
- Sendai Yasutomo II (ä»™å°å®‰å€« (二代))[2]
- Dewa no Kami Yukihiro (出羽守行広)[2]=Hizen Yukihiro I (è‚¥å‰è¡Œåºƒ (åˆä»£))
- Izumo no DaijÅ Yoshitake I (å‡ºé›²å¤§æ¤½å‰æ¦ (åˆä»£))
- Izumo no DaijÅ Yoshitake II (å‡ºé›²å¤§æ¤½å‰æ¦ (二代))
- Yamato no Kami Yoshimichi I (大和守å‰é“ (åˆä»£))
- Yamato no Kami Yoshimichi II (大和守å‰é“ (二代))
- KÅzukenosuke Yoshimasa (ä¸Šé‡Žä»‹å‰æ£)
- Yoshikuni Tosa (å‰å›½ (土ä½))[2]=KÅzuke no Kami Yoshikuni (上野守å‰å›½)[35]
- Onizuka Yoshikuni (鬼塚å‰å›½)
Mixed
Swordmakers that produced a mixture of quality, Åwazamono, ryÅwazamono, or wazamono. 60 in this category.
- Osafune Arimitsu (長船在光)
- Sasaki IppÅ I (ä½ã€…木一峯 (åˆä»£))[36]
- KashÅ« Ieyoshi (åŠ å·žå®¶å‰)
- KashÅ« Ietada (åŠ å·žå®¶å¿ )
- Seki Kanekuni (関兼国)
- Hachiya Kanesada (蜂屋兼貞)
- Seki Kanetoki (関兼辰)[37]
- Seki Kaneoto (関兼音)
- Seki Kanemichi (関兼é“)
- Sagami no Kami Kaneyasu (相模守兼安)
- KÅzuke no Kami Kanesada (上野守兼定)
- Shimousa no DaijÅ Kanemasa (下ç·å¤§æ¤½å…¼æ£)
- Komatsu Kanemaki (å°æ¾å…¼å·»)
- Tegai Kanesada (手掻包定)[38]
- Kawachi no Kami Tsutsusada (河内守包定)
- Naminohira Kiyosuke (波平清ä½)[39]
- Akasaka Senjuin Kuninaga (赤å‚åƒæ‰‹é™¢å›½é•·)
- Uda Kunifusa (宇多国房)
- Satsuma Kunihira (薩摩国平)
- Kawashima Kunihira (å·å³¶å›½å¹³)
- HÅjÅji Kuniyoshi (法城寺国å‰)
- Matsuyama Kuniteru (æ¾å±±å›½è¼)
- Yamato no Kami Kuniyuki (大和守国行)
- Nisshū Kunitomi (日州国富)
- Namihira Shigeyoshi (波平é‡å‰)
- Nanki Shigekuni II (å—ç´€é‡å›½ (二代))
- Iga Shizumasa (伊賀鎮政)
- Seki JumyŠ(関寿命)[40]
- Musashi Sukechika (æ¦è”µåЩ鄰)
- Dewa no Kami Sukeshige (出羽守助é‡)
- Shichibe Yusada (七兵衛ç¥å®š)
- EtchÅ« no Kami Takahira (è¶Šä¸å®ˆé«˜å¹³)
- Echigo no Kami Tadamichi (è¶Šå¾Œå®ˆå¿ é“)
- Mutsu no Kami Tameyasu I (陸奥守為康 (åˆä»£))
- Shimosaka Tametoshi (下阪為利)
- SÅshuÅ« Tsunaie (相州綱家)
- Osafune Tsuneie I (長船経家 (åˆä»£))
- Osafune Tsuneie II (長船経家 (二代))
- Mutsu no Kami Terumasa (é™¸å¥¥å®ˆè¼æ”¿)
- Takada Teruyuki (高田è¼è¡Œ)
- Seki Nagatoshi (関長俊)
- Settsu no Kami Nagashige I (æ‘‚æ´¥å®ˆæ°¸é‡ (åˆä»£))
- Osafune Hisamitsu (長船久光)
- KÅzuke no Kami Hisakuni (上野守久国)
- Senjuin Hironaga (åƒæ‰‹é™¢åºƒé•·)
- Aki Hirotaka I (安芸広隆 (åˆä»£))
- Shinano no Kami Hirokane I (信濃守弘包 (åˆä»£))[41]
- Namihira Hiroyasu (波平寛安)
- DÅtanuki Masakuni (åŒç”°è²«æ£å›½)
- Mihara Masachika (三原æ£è¿‘)
- Ishimichi Masatoshi (çŸ³é“æ£ä¿Š)
- Bungo no Kami ShÅzen (豊後守æ£å…¨)
- Sagami no Kami Masatsune I (相模守政常 (åˆä»£))
- Wakasa no Kami Michitoki (è‹¥ç‹å®ˆé“è¾°)[41]
- Shimousa no DaijÅ Muneyoshi (下ç·å¤§æ¤½å®—å‰)
- Taira Morikata (平盛方)
- SÅshÅ« Yasuharu (相州康春)
- Shimohara Yasushige I (ä¸‹åŽŸåº·é‡ (åˆä»£))
- Yamato no Kami Yasuyuki (大和守安行)
- Fujishima Yukimitsu (藤島行光)
- Darani Yoshiie (陀羅尼å‰å®¶)
- Harima no Kami Yoshinari (æ’æ‘©å®ˆå‰æˆ)
- SanjÅ Yoshikuni (三æ¡ç¾©å›½)
- Osafune Yoshimitsu (長船賀光)[42]
References
- 1 2 Sesko, Markus (2011). Legends and Stories Around the Japanese Sword. BoD – Books on Demand. p. 115. ISBN 978-384236603-9.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 Nagayama 1997, pp. 37–39, (Wazamono list in Eng.-Japanese)
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 409, vol.1ä¿®ç†äº®ç››å…‰ gives "Shuri" (no elgogation on the u"
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 334, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 329, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 287, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 185, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 228, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 383, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 383, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 436, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 99, vol. 1
- ↑ Nagayama 1998 has 橘一法 under Wazamono;Tachibana IppÅ; "対馬守一法" at Tsurugi no ya page, and 対馬守橘一法 by Sesko 2012, p. 96, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 309, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 97, vol. 1
- ↑ ä½è—¤, å‡. "è‘—ååˆ€å‰£æ¨™æº–ä¾¡æ ¼è¡¨ãƒ»ã€Œã‹ã€ï½žï¼’". 刀ã®è”µ. Retrieved June 2012.
- 1 2 Sesko 2012, p. 233, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 245, vol. 1
- ↑ Hawley 1966, p. 154
- ↑ Sesko 2012, pp. 267,269, vol. 1 "Kunikore(国ç¶)" cross-references to "Kunimasa(国ç¶)"
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 168, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 163, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 157, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 186, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 196, vol. 2
- 1 2 Sesko 2012, p. 214, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 248, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 24, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 65, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 72, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 450, vol. 1
- ↑ Tsurugi no ya (2007). "æ¥ç‰©ä½åˆ—一覧". Tsuruginoya (homepage). Retrieved June 2012.
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 408, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 408, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 359, vol. 2
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 96, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 174, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 241, vol. 1
- ↑ Sesko 2012, p. 108, vol. 1
- 1 2 Sesko 2012, p. 82, vol. 1
- ↑ "signature search". Nihonto club. Retrieved June 2012.
- Hawley, W. M. (Willis Meeker) (1966). Japanese swordsmiths: 13,500 names used by about 12,000 swordsmiths from 700 to 1900 A.D. (snippet). W. M. Hawley. p. 115.
- Nagayama, KÅkan (1997). The Connoisseur's Book of Japanese Swords. Kodansha International. p. 37. ISBN 978-477002071-0.
- Sesko, Markus (2012). Lexikon der japanischen Schwertschmiede A-M 1. Books on Demand. ISBN 978-384821139-5., German and Ja names.
- Sesko, Markus (2012b). Lexikon der japanischen Schwertschmiede N-Z 2. Books on Demand. ISBN 978-384821141-8.