List of Western Bloc defectors

Incomplete list of Western Bloc intelligence agents, military personnel, scientists, politicians, diplomats, and other prominent people who defected to Eastern Bloc or non-aligned countries during the Cold War.

List of notable Western Bloc defections
Defector Profession/Prominence Country Year of Defection Notes
Erwin Borchers French Foreign Legion France 1945 Defected to the Viet Minh[1]
Ernst Frey French Foreign Legion France 1945 Defected to the Viet Minh[2]
Siegfried Wenzel French Foreign Legion France 1945 Defected to the Viet Minh[3]
Costas Sarantidis French Foreign Legion France 1946 Defected to the Viet Minh[4]
Stefan Kubiak French Foreign Legion France 1946 Defected to the Viet Minh[5]
Park Si-Hyeong Historian South Korea (U.S. Occupation Zone) 1946 Defected to North Korea (Soviet Occupation Zone)[6]
Karl-Eduard von Schnitzler BBC journalist West Germany (British Occupation Zone) 1947 Defected to East Germany (Soviet Occupation Zone[7]
Emil Selhofer French Foreign Legion France 1947 Defected to the Viet Minh[8]
George Shaw Wheeler Economist United States 1947 Defected to Czechoslovakia
Annabelle Bucar State Department United States 1948 Defected to the Soviet Union[9]
Hong Myong-Hui Writer South Korea 1948 Defected to North Korea[10]
Kang Tae-Mu Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1948 Defected to North Korea[11]
Kim Sun-Nam Composer South Korea 1948 Defected to North Korea[12]
George Koval Atomic spy United States 1948 Defected to the Soviet Union
James McMillin United States Army cryptographer United States 1948 Defected to the Soviet Union
Pyo Mu-Won Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1948 Defected to North Korea[11]
Albert Clavier French Army France 1949 Defected to the Viet Minh[13]
Robert Dagleish Foreign Office United Kingdom 1949 Defected to the Soviet Union[14]
Gerhart Eisler Journalist United States 1949 Defected to East Germany
Noel Field State Department United States 1949 Defected to Czechoslovakia
Archibald Johnstone Journalist United Kingdom 1949 Defected to the Soviet Union[14]
James Stuart British Army United Kingdom 1949 Defected to East Germany[15]
Miroslav Surý French Foreign Legion France 1949 Defected to the Viet Minh[16]
František Vaňhara French Foreign Legion France 1949 Defected to the Viet Minh[16]
David Young Royal Navy United Kingdom 1949 Defected to the People's Republic of China[17]
Ian Milner United Nations diplomat Australia 1950 Defected to Czechoslovakia[18]
Ján Poláček French Foreign Legion France 1950 Defected to the Viet Minh[16]
Bruno Pontecorvo Atomic physicist Italy / United Kingdom 1950 Defected to the Soviet Union via Finland
John Peet Reuters correspondent United Kingdom 1950 Defected to East Germany
Nâzım Hikmet Ran Writer Turkey 1950 Defected to the Soviet Union
Ri Sung Gi Seoul National University chemistry professor South Korea 1950 Defected to North Korea
Arna Rides British Council medical adviser United Kingdom 1950 Defected to Czechoslovakia[19]
Josef Zvoník French Foreign Legion France 1950 Defected to the Viet Minh[16]
Guy Burgess Foreign Office /MI5 United Kingdom 1951 Defected to the Soviet Union
Donald Maclean Foreign Office United Kingdom 1951 Defected to the Soviet Union
Alfred Sarant Military engineer / Atomic spy United States 1951 Defected to People's Republic of Poland, then to the Soviet Union
Joel Barr Military engineer / Atomic spy United States 1951 Defected to Czechoslovakia, then to the Soviet Union
Margaret Schlauch New York University English professor United States 1951 Defected to the People's Republic of Poland[20]
Weng Wenhao Geologist and Kuomintang politician Taiwan 1951 Defected to the People's Republic of China[21]
Heiner Braun Track athlete (5000 meters) West Germany 1952 Defected to East Germany[22]
Stefan Heym United States Army / Writer United States 1952 Defected to Czechoslovakia, then to East Germany
Günther Gereke Christian Democratic Union politician West Germany 1952 Defected to East Germany[23]
Victor Grossman United States Army United States 1952 Defected to East Germany[24]
Kug Yong Am Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1952 Defected to North Korea[25]
Charles Lucas United States Army United States 1952 Defected to East Germany[26]
Aubrey E. Miles United States Army United States 1952 Defected to East Germany[27]
Wolfgang Gans zu Putlitz MI5 United Kingdom 1952 Defected to East Germany[28]
Miloud Salhi French Army France 1952 Defected to the Viet Minh[29]
Clarence Adams United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Howard Gayle Adams United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Albert Constant Belhomme United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Otto Grayson Bell United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Arthur Boyd United States Army United States 1953 Defected to East Germany[31]
Andrew Condron Royal Marines United Kingdom 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[32]
Richard G. Corden United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
William Cowart United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
W. Glancy British Army United Kingdom 1953 Defected to East Germany[33]
Rufus Douglas United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
John Roedel Dunn United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Andrew Fortuna United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Hans Joachim Geyer Gehlen Organization West Germany 1953 Defected to East Germany[34]
Lewis Griggs United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Samuel David Hawkins United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China
Wolfgang Höher Gehlen Organization West Germany 1953 Defected to East Germany[35]
R. Irvine British Army United Kingdom 1953 Defected to East Germany[33]
Kim Sung Bai Republic of Korea Air Force South Korea 1953 Defected to North Korea[36]
S. Lewes British Army United Kingdom 1953 Defected to East Germany[33]
Norman M. Lowell United States Army United States 1953 Defected to East Germany[37]
R. W. Luwman Royal Netherlands Army Netherlands 1953 Defected to East Germany[38]
Clifford F. Murphy United States Army US 1953 Defected to East Germany[39]
Arlie Pate United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Scott Rush United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Lowell Skinner United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Larance Sullivan United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Richard Tenneson United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
James Veneris United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Harold Webb United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
R. Wanroy Royal Netherlands Army Netherlands 1953 Defected to East Germany[38]
William White United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Morris Wills United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Aaron Wilson United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of China[30]
Stanislaw Zdanowski United States Army United States 1953 Defected to the People's Republic of Poland[40]
William Donal Adkins United States Army United States 1954 Defected to the Soviet Union[41]
Choi Man Chong Republic of Korea Air Force South Korea 1954 Defected to North Korea[42]
Joseph Cort Doctor of medicine and University of Birmingham physiology lecturer United States 1954 Defected to Czechoslovakia[43]
James Davis United States Army United States 1954 Defected to Czechoslovakia[44]
Bruno Folta Radio announcer West Germany 1954 Defected to Czechoslovakia[45]
Raymond H. Hutto United States Army United States 1954 Defected to East Germany[46]
Otto John Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz West Germany 1954 Defected to East Germany
Karl Franz Schmidt-Wittmack Bundestag deputy and Christian Democratic Union politician West Germany 1954 Defected to East Germany[47]
Richard Squires British Army United Kingdom 1954 Defected to the Soviet Union[48]
William Turner United States Army United States 1954 Defected to the Soviet Union[49]
Ralph Bernard Frederick Cross Canadian Army Canada 1955 Defected to East Germany[50]
James W. Pulley United States Army United States 1955 Defected to East Germany[46]
Manfred von Brauchitsch Racing driver West Germany 1955 Defected to East Germany
Ho Wei-Chin Republic of China Air Force Taiwan 1955 Defected to the People's Republic of China[51]
B. F. Holland United States Army United States 1955 Defected to East Germany[52]
Horst Spanier United States Army United States 1955 Defected to East Germany[53]
Wei Li-Huang Republic of China Army Taiwan 1955 Defected to the People's Republic of China[54]
Henri Maillot French Army France 1956 Defected to the National Liberation Front
Wolf-Dieter Loebl Bundeswehr West Germany 1956 Defected to East Germany[55]
Orest Stephen Makar Photogrammetrist and St. Louis University engineering associate professor United States 1956 Defected to the Soviet Union[56]
Anthony Wraight Royal Air Force United Kingdom 1956 Defected to the Soviet Union[57]
Augustin Cabrera Oroza Spanish Navy Spain 1957 Defected to Mexico[58]
Manuel Fernandez Rodriguez Spanish Navy Spain 1957 Defected to Mexico[58]
Ginas Jiminez Nortes Spanish Navy Spain 1957 Defected to Mexico[58]
Enrique Medina Fernandez Spanish Navy Spain 1957 Defected to Mexico[58]
Jürgen Mickeleit Bundeswehr West Germany 1957 Defected to East Germany[59]
Victor Rodriguez Spanish Navy Spain 1957 Defected to Mexico[58]
Alfred Kaufman Stern Philanthropist United States 1957 Defected to Czechoslovakia
Martha Dodd Stern Philanthropist United States 1957 Defected to Czechoslovakia
Ernie Fletcher United States Army United States 1959 Defected to East Germany[60]
Klaus Fuchs Atomic spy United Kingdom 1959 Exchanged to East Germany
Ho Ye-Chen Republic of China Army Taiwan 1959 Defected to the People's Republic of China[61]
Arnold Kephart United States Army United States 1959 Defected to East Germany[62]
Billy Mullis United States Army United States 1959 Defected to East Germany[63]
Lee Harvey Oswald United States Marine Corps United States 1959 Defected to the Soviet Union via Finland
Libero Ricciardelli United States Air Force United States 1959 Defected to the Soviet Union[64]
Franz Julius Schröder Christian Democratic Union aide West Germany 1959 Defected to East Germany[65]
Arthur Wegner University of Münster law professor West Germany 1959 Defected to East Germany[66]
John B. Witt United States Army United States 1959 Defected to Czechoslovakia[67]
Franz Böttger Bundeswehr West Germany 1960 Defected to East Germany[68]
Guy Bouchard Canadian Army Canada 1960 Defected to East Germany[69]
Horst Braun Bundesluftwaffe West Germany 1960 Defected to East Germany[68]
Bruce Davis United States Army United States 1960 Defected to the Soviet Union[49]
Joseph Dutkanicz United States Army Military Intelligence United States 1960 Defected to the Soviet Union
Richard Gromek Bundeswehr West Germany 1960 Defected to East Germany[70]
Gilbert Paul Jenkerson British Army United Kingdom 1960 Defected to East Germany[71]
Bernon F. Mitchell National Security Agency United States 1960 Defected to the Soviet Union
William H. Martin National Security Agency United States 1960 Defected to the Soviet Union
Peter Petrich Bundeswehr West Germany 1960 Defected to East Germany[70]
Serafin Sanchez United States Air Force United States 1960 Defected to Cuba[72]
Paul Schlüter Social Democratic Party of Germany politician West Germany 1960 Defected to East Germany[73]
Vladimir Sloboda United States Army Military Intelligence United States 1960 Defected to the Soviet Union[74]
John Strobl Canadian Army Canada 1960 Defected to East Germany[75]
Horst Tuschla Bundeswehr West Germany 1960 Defected to East Germany[68]
Otto Weissenberger Cartographer West Germany 1960 Defected to East Germany[76]
Walter Barth Bundeswehr West Germany 1961 Defected to East Germany[77]
Walter Hagemann Christian Democratic Union politician and University of Münster journalism professor West Germany 1961 Defected to East Germany[78]
K. H. Falk Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz West Germany 1961 Defected to East Germany[79]
Fernando Ganhao Portuguese Army Portugal 1961 Defected to the Liberation Front of Mozambique[80]
Ollie Harrington Cartoonist United States 1961 Defected to East Germany
Junge family University of Washington scientists United States 1961 Defected to Czechoslovakia[81]
Winfried Krychowski Bundeswehr West Germany 1961 Defected to East Germany[77]
Mohamed Lamari French Army France 1961 Defected to the National Liberation Front
Wolfgang Objeglo Bundeswehr West Germany 1961 Defected to East Germany[77]
Mário Moutinho de Pádua Portuguese Army Portugal 1961 Defected to the Republic of Congo[82]
Larry Allen Abshier United States Army United States 1962 Defected to North Korea
Wilfried Alsguth Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Herbert Böhmer Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Heinz-Dieter Brehning Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
James Joseph Dresnok United States Army United States 1962 Defected to North Korea
Günther Fischer Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Heinrich Frank Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
R. S. Hareld United States Army United States 1962 Defected to Czechoslovakia[84]
Guntram Hoffmann Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Rudolf Abel Atomic spy United States 1962 Exchanged to Soviet Union
Bobby Joe Keesee United States Army United States 1962 Defected to Cuba[85]
Henry Kiernan United States Army United States 1962 Defected to East Germany[86]
Albert Kostede Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Richard Lang Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
David Michael Engineer United States 1962 Defected to Cuba[87]
Erwin Miran Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Nguyen Van Cu Vietnam Air Force South Vietnam 1962 Defected to the Kingdom of Cambodia[88]
Klaus Reichardt Bundesluftwaffe West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Willi Salzmann Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Peter-Joseph Schödder Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Manfred Schüssler Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Horst Pilger Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Peter Pitzen Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Bodo Ratzinger Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Dieter Schmutzler Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Otto Schwarz Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Ronald Stanley British Army United Kingdom 1962 Defected to East Germany[89]
Jürgen Steinigtweg Bundesmarine Aviation Wing West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Robert Stuckhaus Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Wolfgang Vogt Bundesluftwaffe West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Berthold Wizien Bundeswehr West Germany 1962 Defected to East Germany[83]
Thomas Badey United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[90]
Frank Barton United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[91]
Richard Bourret Physicist United States 1963 Defected to Cuba[92]
Benjamin Cain United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[93]
Klaus Chepelier Bundeswehr West Germany 1963 Defected to East Germany[94]
Victor Norris Hamilton National Security Agency United States 1963 Defected to the Soviet Union
Reymond Herzet Belgian Army Belgium 1963 Defected to East Germany[95]
Gary Martzke United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[96]
Roberto "Robert" Ramos Michelena United States Air Force United States 1963 Defected to Cuba[97]
James Carl Moore United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[98]
Heinrich James Newton United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[99]
Jerry Wayne Parrish United States Army United States 1963 Defected to North Korea
Brian Patchett British Army United Kingdom 1963 Defected to East Germany[100]
Christopher John Pengate British Army United Kingdom 1963 Defected to East Germany[101]
Kim Philby Secret Intelligence Service United Kingdom 1963 Defected to the Soviet Union
Alfred Svenson United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[102]
Willard E. Valentini United States Army United States 1963 Defected to East Germany[103]
Jacinto Veloso Portuguese Air Force Portugal 1963 Defected to the Liberation Front of Mozambique[104]
Chan Chueh Olympic Games official Taiwan 1964 Defected to the People's Republic of China[105]
Cheng Yi-Ming Intelligence Bureau Taiwan 1964 Defected to the People's Republic of China[106]
Li Fung-Ryong Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1964 Defected to North Korea[107]
Theo van Eijck Marine-Luchtvaartdienst Netherlands 1964 Defected to Libya[108]
Anatoly P. Kotloby Rocket scientist United States 1964 Defected to the Soviet Union[109]
Ma Ching-Shan Olympic sharpshooter Taiwan 1964 Defected to the People's Republic of China[110]
Claude Swain United States Army United States 1964 Defected to East Germany[111]
Zhao Zongli Republic of China Navy Taiwan 1964 Defected to the People's Republic of China[112]
Bui Van Trach Vietnam Air Force South Vietnam 1965 Defected to the Kingdom of Cambodia[113]
Chan Chen-Chin Republic of China Army Taiwan 1965 Defected to the People's Republic of China[114]
Chen Li Intelligence Bureau Taiwan 1965 Defected to the People's Republic of China[115]
Alfred Frenzel Social Democratic Party of Germany politician West Germany 1965 Exchanged to East Germany
Hua Tsu-Hsin Diplomat Taiwan 1965 Defected to the People's Republic of China[116]
Charles Robert Jenkins United States Army United States 1965 Defected to North Korea
Glen Roy Rohrer United States Army Military Intelligence United States 1965 Defected to Czechoslovakia
Ana Maria Silva Pais Daughter of PIDE Director Fernando Silva Portugal 1965 Defected to Cuba[117]
Li Zongren Former Kuomintang politician, vice president and acting president of China United States 1965 Defected to the People's Republic of China[118]
Nguyen Chi Canh Huế police chief South Vietnam 1965 Defected to North Vietnam[119]
Stephen Biggs British Army United Kingdom 1965 Defected to East Germany[120]
Harold M. Koch Roman Catholic priest United States 1966 Defected to the Soviet Union[121]
John Discoe Smith State Department United States 1966 Defected to the Soviet Union[122][123]
Nguyen Duch Hien Vietnam Air Force South Vietnam 1966 Defected to the Kingdom of Cambodia[124]
Craig Anderson United States Navy United States 1967 Defected to Sweden[125]
Richard Bailey United States Navy United States 1967 Defected to Sweden[125]
Costa Calfelis Journalist Greece 1967 Defected to Switzerland[126]
John Barilla United States Navy United States 1967 Defected to Sweden[125]
George Blake Secret Intelligence Service United Kingdom 1967 Defected to the Soviet Union
Kenneth C. Griggs United States Army United States 1967 Defected to Cuba[127]
Roy Ray Jones United States Army US 1967 Defected to Sweden[128]
Steve Kinnaman United States Army US 1967 Defected to Sweden[129]
Michael Lindner United States Navy United States 1967 Defected to Sweden[125]
McKinley Nolan United States Army US 1967 Defected to North Vietnam[130]
Richard Harwood Pearce United States Army United States 1967 Defected to Cuba[131]
Arnold Schölzel Bundeswehr West Germany 1967 Defected to East Germany
Tseng Chao-Ping Republic of China Air Force Taiwan 1967 Defected to the People's Republic of China[132]
Robert Argento United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
Edwin Arnett United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[134]
John Ashley United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
Samuel Brown United States Army United States 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Gerald Burger United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Robert Burroughs United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
Robert Carroll United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Kenneth Cooper United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Erwin Foster United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
David Haire United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[136]
Rodney Huth United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Edward Johnson United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[136]
William Jones United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
Richard Lee McKinney United States Marine Corps US 1968 Defected to Sweden[137]
Peter Moebius Physicist West Germany 1968 Defected to East Germany[138]
Justin Olson United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
Herbert Patzelt European Atomic Energy Community aide West Germany 1968 Defected to East Germany[138]
William Percell United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[136]
Ehrenfried Petras Microbiologist West Germany 1968 Defected to East Germany[139]
Bruce Proctor Former Defense Intelligence Agency analyst US 1968 Defected to Sweden[140]
Richard Lee Propp United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
David Roman United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Raymond Sansiviero United States Marine Corps US 1968 Defected to Sweden[141]
Parker Smith United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[133]
Vincent Strollo United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Richard Tannimura United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Gregory Vitarelle United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Mark Warrell United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
Eugene Westbrooks United States Army US 1968 Defected to Sweden[135]
J. W. Wright United States Air Force United States 1968 Defected to the Soviet Union[142]
William Lee Brent Black Panther Party activist United States 1969 Defected to Cuba
Irvin Leon Butler United States Navy United States 1969 Defected to Sweden[143]
Lona Cohen Atomic spies United States 1969 Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Morris Atomic spies United States 1969 Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Jerry Bhagwan Dass United States Army United States 1969 Defected to Sweden[144]
Robert Edward Dostlik United States Marine Corps United States 1969 Defected to Cuba[145]
Heinz Felfe Bundesnachrichtendienst West Germany 1969 Exchanged to East Germany
Olaf Foertsch Bundeswehr West Germany 1969 Defected to East Germany[146]
Ludwig Gummert Bundeswehr West Germany 1969 Defected to East Germany[147]
Thomas Kavanaugh United States Army United States 1969 Defected to East Germany[148]
Hans-Joachim Kruse Bundeswehr West Germany 1969 Defected to East Germany[149]
Robert Kündiger Bundesmarine West Germany 1969 Defected to East Germany[150]
John Lowney United States Marine Corps United States 1969 Defected to North Vietnam[151]
Vassilios Tsironis Doctor of medicine Greece 1969 Defected to the People's Republic of Albania[152]
Zhou Zhende Republic of China Army Taiwan 1969 Defected to the People's Republic of China[153]
Alvin Glatkowski United States Merchant Marine United States 1970 Attempted defection to Cambodia
Clyde McKay United States Merchant Marine United States 1970 Attempted defection to Cambodia
Larry Humphrey United States Army United States 1970 Defected to Cambodia[154]
Mihalis Maniadakis Royal Hellenic Air Force Greece 1970 Defected to the Soviet Union[155]
Chang Shuang-Chao Ministry of Finance aide Taiwan 1971 Defected to the People's Republic of China[156]
Sun Chi-Chou Diplomat Taiwan 1971 Defected to the People's Republic of China[157]
Hans-Dieter Reinkensmeier German Army Aviation Corps West Germany 1971 Defected to East Germany[158]
Harold Hill Rolls-Royce Limited engineer United Kingdom 1971 Defected to the Soviet Union[159]
Esteban Llana United States Air Force United States 1971 Defected to Panama[160]
Jaime Morais Portuguese Army Portugal 1971 Defected to Sweden[161]
Bernard Pryer United States Army United States 1971 Defected to Panama[160]
John R. Vequist United States Army United States 1971 Defected to Sweden[162]
Tobey Wagner United States Army United States 1971 Defected to Panama[160]
Kevin Cadwallader British Army United Kingdom 1972 Defected to Sweden[163]
Ngo Cong Duc Journalist South Vietnam 1972 Defected to Sweden[164]
Pham Van Dinh Army of the Republic of Vietnam South Vietnam 1972 Defected to North Vietnam[159]
Sung Wei-Pi Former diplomat Taiwan 1973 Defected to the People's Republic of China[165]
Gerard Burns British Army United Kingdom 1974 Defected to Ireland[166]
Nguyen Thanh Trung Vietnam Air Force South Vietnam 1975 Defected to North Vietnam[167]
Jürgen Schneider Bundeswehr West Germany 1976 Defected to East Germany[168]
Bong Ju Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1977 Defected to North Korea[169]
William Joseph Black United States Army United States 1977 Defected to Czechoslovakia[170]
Yu Un Hak Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1977 Defected to North Korea[169]
Robert Thompson United States Air Force United States 1978 Exchanged to the Soviet Union
Erhard Mueller Bundesmarine Aviation Wing West Germany 1978 Defected to East Germany[171]
Li Jun-Gwang Republic of Korea Army military intelligence South Korea 1978 Defected to North Korea[172]
Roy Chung United States Army United States 1979 Defected to East Germany, then to North Korea
Ursel Lorenzen NATO aide West Germany 1979 Defected to East Germany[173]
Christel Broszey Christian Democratic Union aide West Germany 1979 Defected to East Germany[174]
Inge Goliath Christian Democratic Union aide West Germany 1979 Defected to East Germany[174]
Helga Roediger Federal Ministry of Finance (Germany) West Germany 1979 Defected to East Germany[175]
Alexander Lambert South African Bureau of State Security Republic of South Africa 1979 Defected to Sweden[176]
Justin Lin Republic of China Army Taiwan 1979 Defected to the People's Republic of China
Friedrich Tomberg Pädagogische Hochschule philosophy professor West Germany 1979 Defected to East Germany[177]
Kim Ryong-Jin Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1979 Defected to North Korea[178]
Imelda Verrept NATO aide Belgium 1980 Defected to East Germany[179]
Günter Guillaume Aide to West German Chancellor West Germany 1981 Exchanged to East Germany
Frank Terpil Central Intelligence Agency United States 1981 Defected to Libya, then to Cuba[180]
Huang Zhicheng Republic of China Air Force Taiwan 1981 Defected to the People's Republic of China[181]
Ma Bi Kuomintang adviser Taiwan 1981 Defected to the People's Republic of China[182]
Robert Vesco Financier United States 1982 Defected to Cuba
Joseph T. White United States Army United States 1982 Defected to North Korea
Gerhard G. Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz West Germany 1982 Defected to East Germany[183]
Gerald Andreas Eckert South African Army Republic of South Africa 1983 Defected to Mozambique[184]
Li Dawei Republic of China Air Force Taiwan 1983 Defected to the People's Republic of China[185]
Mun Sang-Chol Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1983 Defected to North Korea[186]
Assata Shakur Black Panther Party activist United States 1984 Defected to Cuba
Xie Yuchen Film director Taiwan 1984 Defected to the People's Republic of China[187]
Zhang Jinfeng Film producer Taiwan 1984 Defected to the People's Republic of China[187]
Hans Tiedge Bundesamt für Verfassungsschutz West Germany 1985 Defected to East Germany
Jeffrey Carney United States Air Force United States 1985 Defected to East Germany
Ra Il-Ryong Republic of Korea Army South Korea 1985 Defected to North Korea[188]
Edward Lee Howard Central Intelligence Agency United States 1985 Defected to the Soviet Union
Sonja Luenberg Aide to Minister of the Economy Martin Bangemann West Germany 1985 Defected to East Germany[189]
Herta-Astrid Willner Aide to West German Chancellor West Germany 1985 Defected to East Germany[190]
Herbert Willner Defense analyst West Germany 1985 Defected to East Germany[190]
Rudolf Alken University of Mainz researcher West Germany 1985 Defected to East Germany[191]
Karl Koecher Central Intelligence Agency United States 1986 Exchanged to Czechoslovakia
Hugo Almeida United States Army United States 1986 Defected to Cuba
Glenn Michael Souther United States Navy United States 1986 Defected to the Soviet Union
Arnold Lokshin Biochemist United States 1986 Defected to the Soviet Union
Wang Xijue Airline pilot Taiwan 1986 Defected to the People's Republic of China[192]
Wade E. Roberts United States Army United States 1987 Defected to the Soviet Union[193]
Stig Bergling Swedish Security Service officer Sweden 1987 Defected to the Soviet Union via Finland [194]
Theodore Branch Radio announcer United States 1987 Defected to the Soviet Union[195]
Choe Deok-Sin Former South Korean diplomat and foreign minister United States 1987 Defected to North Korea
Song Chang-Gu United States Army aide South Korea 1988 Defected to North Korea[196]
Lin Xianshun Republic of China Air Force Taiwan 1989 Defected to the People's Republic of China[197]
Michael Peri United States Army United States 1989 Defected to East Germany

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Lính lê dương Đức trong chiến tranh Đông Dương | Tư liệu | BáoTinTức.vn". baotintuc.vn. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  2. ↑ "Ernst Frey - Bücher - Perlentaucher". perlentaucher.de. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  3. ↑ Hoàng Thế Tào. Phi công “ngoại” đầu tiên của không quân Việt Nam (in Vietnamese) (The First "Foreign" Pilot of the Vietnam Air Force). Nguoiduatin.vn 27 December 2012.
  4. ↑ Papastolou, A. Sarantidis: The Greek Who Fought in Vietnam The Greek Reporter 10 October 2012.
  5. ↑ "Cổng TTĐT Cộng Đồng - Trang chủ - Quê Việt". queviet.pl. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  6. ↑ Yonhap News Agency, S. (2002). North Korea Handbook. M. E. Sharpe Incorporated. p. 175. ISBN 9780765635235. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  7. ↑ "LeMO Bestand: Biografie Karl-Eduard von Schnitzler". hdg.de. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  8. ↑ (German) Buchvernissage: Von der Fremdenlegion zum vietnamesischen Widerstand (Book Launch: From the Foreign Legion to the Vietnamese Resistance). Universität Basel 28 October 2011.
  9. ↑ "St. Petersburg Times - Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  10. ↑ Gause, K.E. (2011). North Korea under Kim Chong-il: Power, Politics, and Prospects for Change: Power, Politics, and Prospects for Change. ABC-CLIO. p. 45. ISBN 9780313381768. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  11. 1 2 Edwards, P.M. (2006). Korean War Almanac. Facts On File, Incorporated. p. 28. ISBN 9780816074679. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  12. ↑ Kim, H.; Arizona State University (2009). National Consciousness in Korean Art Songs: Selected Six Composers. Arizona State University. p. 25. ISBN 9781109179545. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
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