List of bilateral animal orders

The relative number of species contributed to the total by each phylum of animals. Nematoda is the phylum with the most individual organisms.

Superb fairy-wren, Malurus cyaneus

Differences between Deuterostomes and Protostomes

Yellow-winged darter, Sympetrum flaveolum

Pseudobiceros bedfordi, (Bedford's flatworm)

The use of love darts by the land snail Monachoides vicinus is a form of sexual selection

List of bilateral animal orders contains the Bilateria of the animal subkingdom Eumetazoa, divided into four superphyla, Deuterostomia, and the three Protostome superphyla, Ecdysozoa, Platyzoa and Lophotrochozoa.

Xenoturbellida

Acoelomorpha

	Nemertodermatida

	Acoela

Nephrozoa*

Deuterostomia*

Chordata

Cephalochordata

Olfactores

	Urochordata

	Craniata (including Vertebrata)

Ambulacraria

	Echinodermata

	Hemichordata

Protostomia*

Chaetognatha

Ecdysozoa*

Nematozoa

	Nematoda

	Nematomorpha

Tardigrada

	Onychophora

	Arthropoda

Scalidophora

	Priapulida

	Loricifera

	Kinorhyncha

Spiralia*

Polyzoa

Bryozoa

	Entoprocta

	Cycliophora

Trochozoa*

Annelida

Mollusca

Nemertea

	Brachiopoda

	Phoronida

Platyzoa*

Gastrotricha

Platyhelminthes

Gnathifera

	Gnathostomulida

	Micrognathozoa

	Rotifera

Superphylum Deuterostomia

Phylum Chordata

Main article: List of chordate orders

Phylum Hemichordata

Acorn worm

Class Enteropneusta (Acorn worms)

Order Enteropneusta

Class Graptolithina †

Order Camaroidea †
Order Crustoidea †
Order Dendroidea †
Order Dithecoidea †
Order Graptoloidea †
Order Stolonoidea †
Order Tuboidea †

Class Planctosphaeroidea

No order, one genus, one species Planctosphaera pelagica

Class Pterobranchia

Order Cephalodiscida
Order Rhabdopleurida

Phylum Echinodermata

Main article: List of echinodermata orders

Phylum Xenacoelomorpha

Family Xenoturbellidae
- Genus Xenoturbella

Subphylum Acoelomorpha

Phylum Vetulicolia †

Banffia constricta

Class Vetulicolida †
Class Banffozoa †

Family Banffidae †
- Genus Banffia †

Class Heteromorphida †
Class Yuyuanozoon † ?

- Genus Yuyuanozoon †

Superphylum Ecdysozoa

Phylum Kinorhyncha

Kinorhyncha

No class, 2 orders, called mud dragons, very common in mud or sand

or Cyclorhagida
or Homalorhagida

Phylum Loricifera

Pliciloricus enigmatus

No class, one order Nanaloricida

Phylum Priapulida

Priapulus caudatus

Class Priapulimorpha

Order Priapulimorphida
- Family Priapulidae
- Family Tubiluchidae

Class Halicryptomorpha

Order Halicryptomorphida

Class Seticoronaria

Order Seticoronarida
- - Genus Maccabeus

Phylum Nematoda

Phylum Nematomorpha

Class Gordioidea
Class Nectonematoida

Phylum Lobopodia

Class Dinocaridida †

Kerygmacheloidea
- Kerygmachela
- Pambdulurion
Anomalocaromorpha
- Parapeytoia
- Anomalocaria
  - Opabiniidae
    - Opabinia
    - Myoscolex
  - Anomalocarida
    - Pennsylvaniocaris
    - Piococaris
    - Sarocaris
    - Paranomalocaris]]
    - Anomalocarididae

Class Xenusia †

Order Archonychophora
Archonychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995^[1] - Undifferentiated appendages; each segment the same as each other. See ^[2]
Luolishaniidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - three small rounded sclerites per segment - these are thorn-shaped spines.^[2]
- Luolishania Hou & Chen 1989
- Miraluolishania Liu & Shu 2004
Paucipodiidae Hou et al., 2004^[3] - with no dorsal sclerites, two claws, fine annulation and few segments.
- Paucipodia Hou et al. 2004

These taxa are only known from the Chengjiang (Cambrian Stage 2 Series 3).

Order Protonychophora
Protonychophora Hutchinson, 1930 - Spiny legs, reduced tail
Aysheaiidae Walcott, 1911 - many claws on each leg. Anterior grasping appendages with long spines.
- Aysheaia Walcott 1911
Xenusiidae Dzik & Krumbiegel, 1989 - >20 leg-bearing segments; paired, rounded sclerites on each segment; spiny legs.
- Xenusion Pompeckj, 1927
- Jianshanopodia Liu et al ^[4] - from Chengjiang; two rows of tubercles but no obvious sclerites
- Hadranax Budd & Peel 1998 — from the Sirius Passet. Lacks obvious dorsal armature, but bears four 'nodes' per row.
Order Scleronychophora
Scleronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - paired sclerites; elongated head sclerites
Eoconchariidae Hou & Shu, 1987 - ~10 leg-bearing segments, small head, sieve-like sclerites, varying in shape along body; curved claws on annulated legs; terminal mouth and anus.
- Microdictyon Bengtson et al
- Quadratapora Hao and Shu, 1987
- Fusuconcharium Hao and Shu, 1987
Hallucigeniidae Conway Morris, 1977 - ~10 leg-bearing segments; large sclerites covering head; sclerites on each segment are long spines.
- Hallucigenia Conway Morris 1977 - From the Chengjiang, Kaili and Burgess Shale^[5]
Cardiodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - many segments (~23); large sclerites cover head; hexagonal sclerite on each body segment.
- Cardiodictyon Hou et al 1991 - Known from the Chengjiang^[5]
Order Paronychophora
Paronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - short, downwards facing head; papillae on body and legs, some arranged in rows; shield-like sclerites on head; dorsal armature of spines;^[6] claw-like jaws; annulated legs [ Note - diagnosis modified in ^[2] ]
Onychodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995
- Onychodictyon Hou et al 1991
Order unassigned
Orstenotubulus Maas et al 2007 from the Furongian Orsten deposits - with retractable dorsal spines^[7]
Carbotubulus Haug et al 2012 ^[8] - from the Mazon creek. Dorwal armature uncertain. Few segments, long limbs.
Mureropodia,^[9] from the Stage 2 Murero lagerstatten, Spain

Class Siberion †

- Family Xenusiidae †
  - Genus Siberion †

Class Hadranax †

Order Protonychophora †
- Family Xenusiidae †
  - Genus Hadranax †
Order Archonychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995^[1] - Undifferentiated appendages; each segment the same as each other. See ^[2]
- Luolishaniidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - three small rounded sclerites per segment - these are thorn-shaped spines.^[2]
  - Luolishania Hou & Chen 1989
  - Miraluolishania Liu & Shu 2004
- Paucipodiidae Hou et al., 2004^[3] - with no dorsal sclerites, two claws, fine annulation and few segments.
  - Paucipodia Hou et al. 2004
Order Protonychophora Hutchinson, 1930 - Spiny legs, reduced tail
Order Scleronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - paired sclerites; elongated head sclerites
- Eoconchariidae Hou & Shu, 1987 - ~10 leg-bearing segments, small head, sieve-like sclerites, varying in shape along body; curved claws on annulated legs; terminal mouth and anus.
  - Microdictyon Bengtson et al
  - Quadratapora Hao and Shu, 1987
  - Fusuconcharium Hao and Shu, 1987
- Hallucigeniidae Conway Morris, 1977 - ~10 leg-bearing segments; large sclerites covering head; sclerites on each segment are long spines.
  - Hallucigenia Conway Morris 1977 - From the Chengjiang, Kaili and Burgess Shale^[5]
- Cardiodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - many segments (~23); large sclerites cover head; hexagonal sclerite on each body segment.
  - Cardiodictyon Hou et al 1991 - Known from the Chengjiang^[5]
Order Paronychophora Hou & Bergstrom, 1995 - short, downwards facing head; papillae on body and legs, some arranged in rows; shield-like sclerites on head; dorsal armature of spines;^[6] claw-like jaws; annulated legs [ Note - diagnosis modified in ^[2] ]
- Onychodictyidae Hou & Bergstrom, 1995
  - Onychodictyon Hou et al 1991
Order unassigned
Orstenotubulus Maas et al 2007 from the Furongian Orsten deposits - with retractable dorsal spines^[7]
Carbotubulus Haug et al 2012 ^[8] - from the Mazon creek. Dorwal armature uncertain. Few segments, long limbs.
Mureropodia,^[9] from the Stage 2 Murero lagerstatten, Spain

Phylum Onychophora

Order Euonychophora
- Family Peripatidae
- Family Peripatopsidae
Order Ontonychophora †
- Family Helenodoridae †
- Family Tertiapatoidea †

Phylum Tardigrada

Hypsibius dujardini

Echiniscus

Class Eutardigrada

Order Apochela
- Family Milnesiidae
Order Parachaela
- Family Beornidae
- Family Calohypsibiidae
- Family Eohypsibiidae
- Family Hypsibiidae
- Family Macrobiotidae
- Family Microhypsibiidae
- Family Necopinatidae

Class Heterotardigrada

Order Arthrotardigrada
- Family Archechiniscidae
- Family Batillipedidae
- Family Coronarctidae
- Family Halechiniscidae
- Family Renaudarctidae
- Family Stygarctidae
Order Echiniscoidea
- Family Echiniscidae
- Family Echiniscoididae
- Family Oreellidae

Class Mesotardigrada

Order Thermozodia
- Family Thermozodiidae
  - Genus Thermozodium

Phylum Arthropoda

Main article: List of arthropod orders

Superphylum Platyzoa

Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms

Taenia saginata

Class Cestoda

Subclass Cestodaria
- Order Amphilinidea
- Order Gyrocotylidea
Subclass Eucestoda
- Order Aporidea
- Order Caryophyllidea
- Order Cyclophyllidea
- Order Diphyllidea
- Order Lecanicephalidea
- Order Litobothridea
- Order Nippotaeniidea
- Order Proteocephalidea
- Order Pseudophyllidea
- Order Spathebothriidea
- Order Tetraphyllidea
- Order Trypanorhyncha

Class Monogenea

Subclass Monopisthocotylea
- Order Capsalidea
- Order Dactylogyridea
- Order Gyrodactylidea
- Order Monocotylidea
- Order Montchadskyellidea
Subclass Polyopisthocotylea
- Order Chimaericolidea
- Order Diclybothriidea
- Order Mazocraeidea
- Order Polystomatidea

Class Trematoda

Botulus microporus

Subclass Aspidogastrea
- - Family Aspidogastridae
  - Family Multicalycidae
  - Family Rugogastridae
  - Family Stichocotylidae
Subclass Digenea

Helicometra

- Order Azygiida
- Order Echinostomida
- Order Opisthorchiida
- Order Plagiorchiida
- Order Strigeidida

Class Turbellaria

Pseudobiceros bedfordi

Order Catenulida
Order Haplopharyngida
Order Lecithoepitheliata
Order Macrostomida
Order Nemertodermata
Order Polycladida
Order Prolecithophora
Order Rhabdocoela
Order Seriata
Order Temnocephalida
Order Tricladida

Phylum Gastrotricha

No classes

Order Chaetonotida
Order Macrodasyida

Phylum Rotifera

SEM] pictures of some Bdelloidea species of the genus Rotaria with head (red), tail (white) and trunk (blue) areas highlighted

Class Bdelloidea

Order Bdelloida

Class Monogononta

Order Collothecida
Order Flosculariida
Order Ploimida

Class Seisonidea

Order Seisonida

Phylum Acanthocephala

Scanning electron microscopy of proboscis of an archiacanthocephalan ^[10]

Class Archiacanthocephala

Class Eoacanthocephala

Order Gyracanthocephala
Order Neoechinorhynchida

Class Palaeacanthocephala

Order Echinorhynchida
Order Polymorphida

Phylum Gnathostomulida

No classes

Order Bursovaginoidea
Order Filospermoidea

Phylum Micrognathozoa

Some dispute here with Micrognathozoa as the class and Limnognathia as the order

Phylum Cycliophora

This phylum was discovered in 1995.

Class Symbiida

Order Symbiidae
- Genus Symbion

Superphylum Lophotrochozoa

Phylum Sipuncula

Class Phascolosomatidea

Order Aspidosiphoniformes
- Family Aspidosiphonidae
Order Phascolosomatiformes
- Family Phascolosomatidae

Class Sipunculidea

Order Golfingiiformes
- Family Golfingiidae
- Family Phascolionidae
- Family Themistidae
Order Sipunculiformes
- Family Sipunculidae

Phylum Nemertea

Class Anopla

Order Heteronemertea
Order Palaeonemertea

Class Enopla

Order Bdellonemertea
Order Hoplonemertea

Phylum Phoronida

Class Phoronid

Phylum Bryozoa

Class Gymnolaemata

- - - subclass Cheilostomata
    - subclass Ctenostomata

Class Phylactolaemata

- - - subclass Plumatellida

Class Stenolaemata

- - - subclass Cryptostomida †
    - subclass Cyclostomatida
    - subclass Cystoporida †
    - subclass Fenestrida †
    - subclass Hederellida †
    - subclass Trepostomatida †

Phylum Entoprocta

No classes, no orders, families Barentsiidae, Loxokalypodidae, Loxosomatidae, Pedicellinidae

References

1 2 Hou, X.; Bergström, J. A. N. (1995). "Cambrian lobopodians-ancestors of extant onychophorans?". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 114: 3. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1995.tb00110.x.
1 2 3 4 5 6 Ma, X.; Hou, X.; Bergström, J. (2009). "Morphology of Luolishania longicruris (Lower Cambrian, Chengjiang Lagerstätte, SW China) and the phylogenetic relationships within lobopodians". Arthropod Structure & Development 38 (4): 271. doi:10.1016/j.asd.2009.03.001.
1 2 Xian-Guang Hou, Xiao-Ya Ma, Jie Zhao & Jan Bergström; Ma; Zhao; Bergström (2004). "The lobopodian Paucipodia inermis from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, Yunnan, China". Lethaia 37 (3): 235–244. doi:10.1080/00241160410006555.
↑ Jianni Liu, Degan Shu, Jian Han, Zhifei Zhang, and Xingliang Zhang (2006). "A large xenusiid lobopod with complex appendages from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte" (PDF). Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 51 (2): 215–222. Retrieved 9 February 2011.
1 2 3 4 Whittle, R. J.; Gabbott, S. E.; Aldridge, R. J.; Theron, J. (2009). "An Ordovician Lobopodian from the Soom Shale Lagerstätte, South Africa". Palaeontology 52 (3): 561–567. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00860.x.
1 2 Liu, J.; Shu, D.; Han, J.; Zhang, Z.; Zhang, X. (2008). "The LobopodOnychodictyonfrom the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Lagerstätte Revisited". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 53 (2): 285. doi:10.4202/app.2008.0209.
1 2 Maas, A.; Mayer, G.; Kristensen, R. M.; Waloszek, D. (2007). "A Cambrian micro-lobopodian and the evolution of arthropod locomotion and reproduction". Chinese Science Bulletin 52 (24): 3385. doi:10.1007/s11434-007-0515-3.
1 2 Haug, J. T.; Mayer, G.; Haug, C.; Briggs, D. E. G. (2012). "A Carboniferous Non-Onychophoran Lobopodian Reveals Long-Term Survival of a Cambrian Morphotype". Current Biology. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.06.066.
1 2 Gámez Vintaned, J. A.; Liñán, E.; Zhuravlev, A. (2011). "A New Early Cambrian Lobopod-Bearing Animal (Murero, Spain) and the Problem of the Ecdysozoan Early Diversification". Evolutionary Biology – Concepts, Biodiversity, Macroevolution and Genome Evolution. p. 193. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20763-1_12. ISBN 978-3-642-20762-4.
↑ Amin, O. A, Heckmann, R. A & Ha, N. V. (2014) Acanthocephalans from fishes and amphibians in Vietnam, with descriptions of five new species. Parasite, 21, 53 doi:10.1051/parasite/2014052 PubMed

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