List of cacao diseases

Like other crops cocoa can be attacked by a number of pest species including fungal diseases, insects and rodents - some of which (e.g. frosty pod rot and cocoa pod borer) have increased dramatically in geographical range and are sometimes described as "invasive species".^[1]

Bacterial diseases

Bacterial diseases
Crown gall	Agrobacterium tumefaciens (artificial inoculations)
Stripe	Erwinia caratovora

Fungal diseases

Fungal diseases
Anthracnose	Glomerella cingulata
Armillaria root rot	Armillaria mellea
Black pod	Phytophthora capsici Phytophthora citrophthora Phytophthora heveae Phytophthora megakarya Phytophthora palmivora
Black root	Rosellinia bunodes Rosellinia pepo
Brown root	Phellinus noxius
Canker	Phytophthora citrophthora Phytophthora palmivora Ceratocystis fimbriata
Ceratocystis wilt	Ceratocystis cacaofunesta Ceratocystis moniliformis Ceratocystis paradoxa
Collar crack	Armillariella mellea Armillariella tabescens
Collar rot	Ustulina deusta
Cushion gall (green-point gall)	Nectria rigidiuscula = Fusarium decemcellulare
Dieback	Physiological, stress induced, more than 80 fungal species associated with this syndrome
Frosty pod	Moniliophthora roreri'
Horse hair blight	Crinipellis sarmentosa
Lasiodiplodia pod rot	Lasiodiplodia theobromae = Botryodiplodia theobromae
Leaf anthracnose	Colletotrichum spp.
Macrophoma pod rot	Macrophoma spp.
Moniliophthora pod rot	Moniliophthora roreri
Phytophthora pod rot	Phytophthora capsici Phytophthora citrophthora Phytophthora hevae Phytophthora megakarya Phytophthora palmivora
Pink disease	Erythricium salmonicolor
Sudden death	Verticillium dahliae Mycoleptodiscus terrestris
Thread blight	Ceratobasidium koleroga
Trachysphaera pot rot (mealy pod)	Trachysphaera fructigena
Vascular streak dieback	Oncobasidium theobromae
Violet root rot	Nectria mauritiicola = Sphaerostilbe repens
Wet root rot	Ganoderma philippii
White root rot	Rigidoporus microporus = Rigidoporus lignosus
White thread	Marasmiellus scandens
Witches’ broom	Moniliophthora perniciosa

Miscellaneous diseases

Miscellaneous diseases
Algal disease	Cephaleuros virescens
Cherelle wilt	Physiological, no specific pathogen involved

Nematodes, parasitic

Nematodes, parasitic
Awl nematode	Dolichodorus spp.
Cyst nematode	Heterodera spp.
Dagger nematode	Xiphinema spp.
Lesion nematode	Pratylenchus spp.
Reniform nematode	Rotylenchulus spp.
Ring nematode	Hoplolaimus spp.
Root-knot nematode	Meloidogyne spp.
Spiral nematode	Helicotylencus spp.
Stubby root nematode	Trichodorus spp.

Parasitic plants

Parasitic plants
Mistletoe	Denrophthora spp. Loranthus spp. Oryctanthus spp. Phoradendron spp. Phthirusa spp. Tapinanthus spp.

Viral and viroid diseases

Viral and viroid diseases
Cacao swollen shoot	Cacao swollen-shoot virus (CSSV)
Cacao yellow mosaic	Cacao yellow mosaic virus (CYMV)
Cacao necrosis	Cacao necrosis virus (CNV)

References

1. http://www.dropdata.org/cocoa/cocoa_prob.htm

• Common Names of Diseases, The American Phytopathological Society
• IPARC Guide to cocoa pests and their management.