List of military equipment used by Syrian opposition forces

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List of military equipment used by Syrian opposition forces in the Syrian Civil War. This list does not include equipment used by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.

Sources

Large equipment like tanks and vehicles are generally captured from Syrian Army supplies, but small arms are likely a mixture of captured Syrian Army weapons, weapons imported by foreign combatants joining the opposition forces, or other sources. These include funding by private donors (notably from the Gulf region) and equipment supplied by friendly nations.

Small arms

ModelImageCaliberTypeOriginDetails
Pistols
TT-33 7.62×25mm Tokarev Pistol  Soviet Union
Makarov PM 9×18mm Makarov Pistol  Soviet Union
M1911 .45 ACP Pistol  United States
TİSAŞ Zigana C45[1] .45 ACP Pistol  Turkey
Glock 17 9×19mm Parabellum Pistol  Austria
Browning Hi-Power 9×19mm Parabellum Pistol  Belgium
Kral Arms Canas[2] 9 mm Blank pistol  Turkey Blank pistol, possibly converted to fire live rounds.
Rifles
Mosin–Nagant[3] 7.62×54mmR Bolt-action rifle  Soviet Union Limited usage.
MAS-36[4] 7.5×54mm French Bolt-action rifle  France Limited usage.
SKS[5]

Type 56 carbine[6] 		7.62×39mm Semi-automatic rifle  Soviet Union

 People's Republic of China 		Limited usage.

Chinese copy of SKS. Limited usage.
Heckler & Koch G3[7] 7.62×51mm NATO Battle rifle  Germany
FN FAL[7][8][9] 7.62×51mm NATO Battle rifle  Belgium
M14 rifle[10] 7.62×51mm NATO Battle rifle  United States Rare.
Assault rifles
StG 44[11][12] 7.92×33mm Kurz Assault rifle Nazi Germany Nazi Germany Around 5,000 captured from the Syrian Army. Very limited usage.
AK-47 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Soviet Union
AKM 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Soviet Union
Type 56 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  People's Republic of China Chinese variant of the Russian AK-47 and AKM.
Zastava M70 7.62×39mm Assault rifle  Yugoslavia Yugoslavian variant of the Russian AK-47 and AKM.
PM md. 63 7.62×39mm Assault rifle Romania Socialist Republic of Romania
AMD 65 7.62×39mm Assault rifle Hungary Hungarian People's Republic
vz. 58[13] 7.62×39mm Assault Rifle Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia
AK-74 5.45×39mm Assault rifle  Soviet Union
M16 5.56×45mm NATO Assault rifle  United States Used by Division 30, the New Syrian Army, and Al-Moutasem Brigade
M4[7] 5.56×45mm NATO Assault rifle  United States
Norinco CQ 5.56×45mm NATO Assault rifle  People's Republic of China
FAMAS[14] 5.56×45mm NATO Assault rifle  France Limited usage.
Steyr AUG[8] 5.56×45mm NATO Assault rifle  Austria Origin unclear; serial numbers removed.[15]
Sniper rifles
Steyr SSG 69[16] 7.62×51mm NATO Sniper rifle  Austria
Dragunov SVD 7.62×54mmR Sniper rifle  Soviet Union
Zastava M91 7.62×54mmR Sniper rifle  Yugoslavia
PSL 7.62×54mmR
7.62×51mm NATO 		Designated marksman rifle Romania Socialist Republic of Romania
OSV-96[17] 12.7×108mm Anti-materiel rifle  Russia
M99[18] 12.7×108mm Anti-materiel rifle  People's Republic of China Supplied by Qatar.[19]
Sayad-2 .50 BMG Anti-materiel rifle  Iran Unlicensed Iranian produced copy of the Steyr HS .50.
Captured from the Syrian Army.[20]
PTRS-41 14.5×114mm Anti-tank rifle  Soviet Union
Submachine guns
Sa vz. 23[21] 7.62×25mm Tokarev Submachine gun Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia
Uzi[22] 9×19mm Parabellum Submachine Gun  Israel Rare.
Machine guns
RPD[23] 7.62×39mm Light machine gun  Soviet Union
RPK[24] 5.45×39mm Light machine gun  Soviet Union
PK 7.62×54mmR General-purpose machine gun  Soviet Union
Zastava M84 7.62×54mmR General-purpose machine gun  Yugoslavia Yugoslavian copy of the PK.
MG-34[10] 7.92×57mm Mauser General-purpose machine gun Nazi Germany Nazi Germany Rare.
M240B[25] 7.62×51mm NATO General-purpose machine gun Belgium Belgium Used by the NSA and al-Moutasem Brigade
KGK[26] 7.62×54mmR General-purpose machine gun Hungary Hungary Rare.
DShK

Type 54 HMG 		12.7×108mm Heavy machine gun  Soviet Union

 People's Republic of China 		Often mounted on technicals.

Chinese copy of DShK.
NSV 12.7×108mm Heavy machine gun  Soviet Union
W85 12.7×108mm Heavy machine gun  People's Republic of China
KPV[27] 14.5×114mm Heavy machine gun  Soviet Union Often mounted on technicals.
M2 Browning[25] 12.7 x 99mm NATO  United States Used by al-Moutasem Brigade

Grenades and explosives

ModelImageDiameterTypeOriginDetails
F1 55 mm Hand grenade  Soviet Union
Mk 2 grenade[28] 59 mm Hand grenade  United States
RGD-5 58 mm Hand grenade  Soviet Union
OHG-92[29] 65mm[30] Hand grenade   Switzerland Grenades originally delivered to the United Arab Emirates in 2003–2004 and then given to Jordan in 2004. Unclear how the hand grenades reached the Syrian rebels.[31]
AGS-17[32] 30×29mm grenade Automatic grenade launcher  Soviet Union
Type 87[33] 35×32mm grenade Automatic grenade launcher  People's Republic of China
RBG-6[34] 40×46mm grenade Automatic grenade launcher  Croatia Croatian-produced copy of South African Milkor MGL. Supplied by Saudi Arabia.[35]
IED[36] Improvised explosive device Syria/ Syria
Molotov cocktail[36] Incendiary device Syria/ Syria

Anti-tank weapons

ModelImageDiameterTypeOriginDetails
Shoulder-fired missiles
RPG-2 82 mm Recoilless rifle[37]  Soviet Union
RPG-7 40 mm (launcher only, warhead diameter varies) Rocket-propelled grenade  Soviet Union
RPG-18 64 mm Rocket-propelled grenade  Soviet Union
RPG-22[34] 72.5 mm Rocket-propelled grenade  Soviet Union Supplied by Saudi Arabia.[35]
RPG-26[38] 72.5 mm Rocket-propelled grenade  Soviet Union
RPG-29[39] 105 mm Rocket-propelled grenade  Soviet Union
RPG-75[40] 68 mm Rocket-propelled grenade  Czechoslovakia
M72 LAW[9] 66 mm Anti-tank rocket launcher  United States
M79 Osa[34][41] 90 mm Anti-tank rocket launcher  Yugoslavia Supplied by Saudi Arabia.[35]
RBR-120 mm M90[42] 120 mm Anti-tank rocket launcher  Serbia
Anti-tank guided weapons
9M14 Malyutka[43] 125 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  Soviet Union Designated AT-3 Sagger by NATO.
9K111 Fagot[44] 120 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  Soviet Union Designated AT-4 Spigot by NATO.
9M113 Konkurs[45] 135 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army and supplied by Saudi Arabia.[46] Designated AT-5 Spandrel by NATO.
9K115-2 Metis-M[47] 130 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  Russia Designated AT-13 Saxhorn-2 by NATO.
9M133 Kornet[48] 152 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  Russia Designated AT-14 Spriggan by NATO.
HJ-8[49] 120 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  People's Republic of China Supplied by Qatar.[50]
MILAN[51] 115 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  France
 Germany 		Captured from the Syrian Army.[52] Some supplied by Qatar or Libya.[53]
BGM-71 TOW[54] 152 mm Wire-guided anti-tank missile  United States Allegedly supplied by the U.S., but origin remains unclear; serial numbers removed.[55]

Anti-aircraft weapons

ModelImageDiameterTypeOriginDetails
Towed anti-aircraft guns
ZU-23-2[56] 23 mm Autocannon  Soviet Union Often mounted on technicals.
37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K)[57] 37 mm Autocannon  Soviet Union Mounted on technicals.
57 mm AZP S-60[58] 57 mm Autocannon  Soviet Union
ZPU[36] 14.5×114mm Anti-aircraft gun  Soviet Union Based on the Soviet 14.5 mm KPV heavy machine gun.
Self-propelled air defense
ZSU-23-4 "Shilka"[59] 23 mm Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun  Soviet Union Often used against ground targets in urban environments.
9K33 Osa[60] 209.6 mm 9M33 missile Amphibious SAM system  Soviet Union Two captured from the Syrian Armed Forces and used by Jaysh al-Islam.
Man-portable air-defense systems
FN-6[61] 72 mm  People's Republic of China Supplied by Qatar.[62]
9K32 Strela-2[63] 72 mm Man-portable air-defense system  Soviet Union Designated SA-7 Grail by NATO.
9K310 Igla-1[64] 72 mm Man-portable air-defense system  Soviet Union Designated SA-16 Gimlet by NATO.
9K338 Igla-S[65] 72 mm Man-portable air-defense system  Soviet Union Designated SA-24 Grinch by NATO.

Artillery

ModelImageCaliberTypeOriginDetails
Mortars
82-BM-37 82 mm Infantry mortar  Soviet Union
2B9M Vasilek[66] 82 mm Gun-mortar  Soviet Union Possible Chinese copy (W99).
At least one in use by Ansar al-Sham. Unclear origin.[66]
Improvised mortars Various Improvised mortar Syria/ Syria
Field artillery
10.5 cm leFH 18M 105 mm Howitzer Nazi Germany Nazi Germany
D-30[67] 122 mm Howitzer  Soviet Union
"Hell Cannon"[68] Various Improvised howitzer Syria Syria Improvised howitzer that fires propane gas cylinders.
Originated with the Ahrar al-Shamal Brigades, now used widely.
M-46[27] 130 mm Field gun  Soviet Union
Self-propelled artillery
2S1 Gvozdika[69] 122 mm Self propelled howitzer  Soviet Union Armed with D-30 howitzer.
2S3 Akatsiya[70] 152.4 mm Self propelled howitzer  Soviet Union Armed with D-22 howitzer.
Recoilless rifles
B-10[71]

Type 65 		82 mm Recoilless rifle  Soviet Union

 People's Republic of China

Chinese copy of B-10.
M60[34] Recoilless rifle  Yugoslavia Supplied by Saudi Arabia.[35]
M40[72] 105 mm Recoilless rifle  United States Possible Iranian copy.
Carl Gustav 84mm[73] 84 mm Recoilless rifle  Sweden
SPG-9[74] 73 mm Recoilless rifle  Soviet Union
Rocket artillery
Type 63[47] 106.7 mm Multiple rocket launcher  People's Republic of China Possible Iranian copy.[75]
RAK-12[76][77] 128 mm Multiple rocket launcher  Croatia Croatian built version of Yugoslavian M-63 Plamen with 12
rocket tubes instead of the original 32. Supplied by Saudi Arabia.[35]
BM-21 Grad[78] 122 mm Multiple rocket launcher  Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army.[79]
Grad-P 122 mm Light portable rocket system  Soviet Union
Improvised rocket launchers[36] Various Rocket launcher Syria/ Syria

Tanks and armoured vehicles

ModelImageTypeOriginDetails
T-55 [80] Medium tank
Main battle tank 		 Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army.
T-62[81] Main battle tank  Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army.
T-72[82] Main battle tank  Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army. At least 8 operated by Jaysh al-Islam.
Liwa Dawood had another 6, now owned by ISIL.[83]
BMP-1 Infantry fighting vehicle  Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army.
BMP-2 Infantry fighting vehicle  Soviet Union Two BMP-2s were captured from Syrian Army when FSA overran Aleppo's Infantry School and another was destroyed in the fight for Aleppo's Central Prison.[84]
BTR-60[85] Wheeled amphibious armoured personnel carrier  Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army.
BRDM-2[86] Amphibious armoured scout car  Soviet Union Captured from the Syrian Army.
Improvised fighting vehicles Improvised fighting vehicle Syria Syria Examples are the Sham 1 armored pickup truck and the Sham 2 armored car
used by the Al-Ansar Brigade.[87]

References

  1. ↑ "Video of Tisas Zigana C45 at 1:34". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  2. ↑ "Photo of Syrian rebel with Kral Av Canas". Retrieved 14 January 2015.
  3. ↑ "Video of Mosin-Nagant used by Syrian rebels". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  4. ↑ http://www.thefirearmblog.com/blog/2015/06/26/wwii-weapons-in-the-syrian-civil-war/. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ "Syrian Uprising - Photos & Videos - no discussion, no conversation - Page 356". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  6. ↑ "Photo of Type 56 carbine in al-Qsair". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  7. 1 2 3 "Arming the Free Syrian Army". The American Spectator. 6 December 2012.
  8. 1 2 "Is Syria's balance of firepower close to a tipping point?". The Guardian. 9 August 2012.
  9. 1 2 "Insight - Syria rebels get light arms, heavy weapons elusive". Reuters. 13 July 2012.
  10. 1 2 MG-34 & M14 at 1:39. 23 January 2014. Retrieved 26 January 2014.
  11. ↑ "Free Syrian Army captures 5000 Stg 44s". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  12. ↑ Sturmgewehr 44 used by Syrian Rebels – The Firearm Blog, August 22, 2012
  13. ↑ "Video showing an FSA training camp with FSA soldiers training with vz. 58s". YouTube. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  14. ↑ "Video showing a FSA member carrying a FAMAS F1 rifle in Syria.". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  15. ↑ Spleeters, Damien (17 March 2013). "Austrian Steyr AUG A1. No serial numbers could be documented.". Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  16. ↑ Picture showing an FSA member using a Steyr SSG 69.
  17. ↑ Brown Moses. "Video footage of rebels using OSV-96". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  18. ↑ "More Chinese M99 12.7mm Anti-Material Rifles In Syria". State Of Tactical. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  19. ↑ Timothy Yan. "The Chinese M99 50-caliber Anti-material Rifle". The Bangswitch. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  20. ↑ "Syria's HS.50s". Oryx Blog. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  21. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6qRP4g5mfRs&feature=youtu.be&t=12m35s
  22. ↑ "Uzi seen in the hands of Syrian rebel fighters". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  23. ↑ "Video of rebel shooting RPD". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  24. ↑ "Video of rebel shooting RPK". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  25. 1 2 "Mutassim Brigade witnessing violent clashes while in the village of al-Tat Homs against Daesh". Youtube. 3 April 2016.
  26. ↑ http://spioenkop.blogspot.ru/2015/06/the-islamic-states-spring-offensive.html
  27. 1 2 Brown Moses. "Brown Moses Blog". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  28. ↑ "Mk 2 grenade in safehouse". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  29. ↑ "Swiss Hand Grenades in Syria.". Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  30. ↑ "OHG-92 Specifications". Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  31. ↑ Wezeman, Pieter D. (2013). SIPRI Yearbook 2013: Armaments, Disarmament and International Security. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 269–273. ISBN 978-0-19-967843-3.
  32. ↑ Brown Moses. "The FSA Captures An Unusual Weapon". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  33. ↑ "LiveLeak.com - Syria - Rebels shoot grenade launcher. (comments)". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  34. 1 2 3 4 Brown Moses. "Evidence Of Multiple Foreign Weapon Systems Smuggled To The Syrian Opposition In Daraa". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  35. 1 2 3 4 5 Richard Spencer. "US and Europe in 'major airlift of arms to Syrian rebels through Zagreb'". The Telegraph. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  36. 1 2 3 4 DIY weapons of the Syrian rebels. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  37. ↑ http://world.guns.ru/grenade/rus/rpg-2-e.html
  38. ↑ "RPG-26 used by Syrian rebels". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  39. ↑ "Video footage of RPG-29 used by Syrian rebels". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  40. ↑ "RPG-75 in Syria". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  41. ↑ Brown Moses. "Video footage of Jabhat al-Nusra with M79 Osa". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  42. ↑ "Video of captured RBR-120 mm at 2:55". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  43. ↑ "9K11 Malyutka/AT-3 Sagger sighted with Syrian rebels". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  44. ↑ "Hundreds of anti-tank guided missiles captured in Damascus Governorate". Oryx Blog. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  45. ↑ "9M113 Konkurs/AT-5 Spandrel sighted with Syrian rebels". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  46. ↑ "New Saudi-supplied missiles boost rebels in south Syria". Reuters. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  47. 1 2 Brown Moses. "The Syrian Opposition's Latest Missiles and Rockets". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  48. ↑ "Syrian FSA firing a Kornet". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  49. ↑ Oryx. "Footage of HJ-8 in the hands of Syrian rebels". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  50. ↑ "The HJ-8, a new weapon on the Syrian battlefield". Oryx Blog. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  51. ↑ Syrian rebels captured ammunition depot with Milan / Konkurs anti-tank missiles and rockets - Armyrecognition.com, 5 August 2013
  52. ↑ "Syrian MILANs". Oryx Blog. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  53. ↑ "Syrian MILANs (2), MILANs coming from abroad?". Oryx Blog. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  54. ↑ "Syrian rebels who received first U.S. missiles of war see shipment as 'an important first step'". The Washington Post. 28 April 2014.
  55. ↑ "Syrian rebels who received first U.S. missiles of war see shipment as ‘an important first step’". The Washington Post. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  56. ↑ "Video footage of a truck-mounted ZU-23-2". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  57. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xD7Um9s9DRc&feature=youtu.be&t=34s
  58. ↑ "Video showing 57 mm AZP S-60 used by Syrian rebels". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  59. ↑ "Video of rebels using ZSU-23-4 Shilka". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  60. ↑ Liwa al-Islam and her 9K33 Osa 31 July 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
  61. ↑ "Chinese missiles steal spotlight after downing Syria army helicopters". Global Times. 13 March 2013.
  62. ↑ C. J. Chivers and Eric Schmitt. "Arms Shipments Seen From Sudan to Syria Rebels". New York Times. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  63. ↑ Brown Moses. "Videos Show Complete SA-7 MANPADS Reportedly Looted From The 46th Regiment Base". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  64. ↑ Brown Moses. "Video Shows A SA-16 Surface-To-Air Missile Fired By The Syrian Opposition". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  65. ↑ "Video footage of Syrian rebels with SA-24". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  66. 1 2 "2B9M Vasilek automatic mortar in service with Ansar al-Sham in Syria". Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  67. ↑ "Video footage showing Syrian rebels using D-30 howitzer". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  68. ↑ Brown Moses. "DIY Weapons in Syria". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  69. ↑ Brown Moses. "Video footage of rebels using 2S1 Gvozdika self-propelled howitzer". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  70. ↑ "Syrian 2S3 M-1973 152 mm Akatsiya.". Retrieved 21 January 2015.
  71. ↑ Picture of a Free Syrian Army Soldier with a B-10 recoilles rifle
  72. ↑ "Video footage of M40 recoilless gun in Syria". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  73. ↑ "Syria Rebel with Carl Gustav 84mm". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  74. ↑ "Video of SPG-9 used by Syrian rebels". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  75. ↑ Brown Moses. "The Syrian Opposition's Latest Missiles and Rockets". Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  76. ↑ "Video footage of RAK 12 Multiple Rocket Launchers in Syria". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  77. ↑ "Croatian RAK-12 in Syria". Military In the Middle East. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  78. ↑ http://www.channel4.com/news/syrias-descent-what-weapons-do-the-rebels-have
  79. ↑ "Syrian rebels seize anti-tank missiles in raid on army base". Reuters. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  80. ↑ "Video footage of rebel T-55 tank". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  81. ↑ Brown Moses. "Video footage of Free Syrian Army using T-62 tank". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  82. ↑ Picture of a captured T-72 tank used by rebels
  83. ↑ Oryx. "Syria’s Steel Beasts: The T-72". Bellingcat. Retrieved 28 December 2014.
  84. ↑ Oryx. "Onwards to the front, Syria's BMPs". Oryx. Retrieved 3 March 2015.
  85. ↑ "بعض من الغنائم داخل الكتائب التي تم السيطرة عليها في مدينة نوى بمحافظة درعا - YouTube". YouTube. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  86. ↑ "Video of BRDM-2 captured by rebels". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  87. ↑ More Syrian rebel DIY weapons. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
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