List of people assassinated in Africa

This is an incomplete list of people who have been assassinated, or murdered in Africa.

Assassinations in Africa

Algeria

• 117 BC – Hiempsal I, co-ruler of Numidia
• 1942 – François Darlan, senior figure of Vichy France
• 1957 – Maurice Audin, communist mathematician
• 1963 – Mohamed Khemisti, Algerian foreign minister
• 1987 – Mustafa Bouyali, Islamic fundamentalist
• 1992 – Mohamed Boudiaf, President of Algeria
• 1993 – Youcef Sebti, poet
• 1993 – Kasdi Merbah, former Prime Minister of Algeria
• 1994 – Abdelkader Alloula, playwright
• 1994 – Cheb Hasni, singer
• 1998 – Lounès Matoub, singer
• 1999 – Abdelkader Hachani, Islamic fundamentalist

Burkina Faso

• 1987 – Thomas Sankara, Head of State of Burkina Faso
• 1991 – Clément Oumarou Ouédraogo, opposition

Burundi

• 1961 – Louis Rwagasore, Prime Minister of Burundi
• 1965 – Pierre Ngendandumwe, Prime Minister of Burundi
• 1965 – Joseph Bamina, Prime Minister of Burundi
• 1975 – Ntare V, dethroned King of Burundi (disputed circumstances)
• 1993 – Melchior Ndadaye, President of Burundi
• 2001 – Kassi Manlan, World Health Organisation representative
• 2003 – Michael Courtney, Apostolic Nuncio to Burundi

Cameroon

• 1958 - Ruben Um Nyobe, leader of the Cameroon's People Union (UPC)

Chad

• 1975 – François Tombalbaye, President of Chad

Comoros

• 1978 – Ali Soilih, former President of Comoros
• 1989 – Ahmed Abdallah, President of Comoros

Congo (Brazzaville)

• 1977 – Marien Ngouabi, President of the Congo
• 1977 – Émile Biayenda, Archbishop of Brazzaville
• 1988 – Pierre Anga, rebel leader

Congo (Kinshasa)

• 1961 – Patrice Lumumba, former Prime Minister of the Congo
• 1961 – Maurice Mpolo, Lumumba associate
• 1961 – Joseph Okito, Lumumba associate
• 2001 – Laurent Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Côte d'Ivoire/Ivory Coast

• 2002 – Robert Guéï, former President of Côte d'Ivoire
• 2002 - Rose Doudou Guéï, wife of Robert Guéï and mother of politicians Franck Guéï and Francis Pėdou Guéï
• 2002 – Émile Boga Doudou, interior minister
• 2003 – Muhammad Ahmad al-Rashid, Saudi ambassador
• 2012 – Leeba Hussan, of Côte d'Ivoire

Egypt

• Pompey the Great, (48 BC), Roman politician killed in Egypt
• Germanicus, (19), Roman military leader, poisoned in Alexandria by Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso under orders from Tiberius
• Al-Afdal Shahanshah, (1121), vizier of Fatimid Egypt
• Al-Amir, (1130), last Fatimid Caliph
• Qutuz, (1260), Mamluk sultan of Egypt
• Al-Ashraf Khalil, (1293), Mamluk sultan of Egypt
• Jean Baptiste Kléber, (1800) French general, in Cairo.
• Boutros Ghali, (1910), Prime Minister of Egypt, by Ibrahim El-Wardan
• Sir Lee Stack, (1924), governor-general of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, in Cairo
• Walter Edward Guinness, Lord Moyne, (1944), the UK's Minister Resident in the Middle East; killed in Cairo by the Stern Gang
• Ahmed Maher Pasha, (1945), Prime Minister of Egypt, in Cairo by Mahmud Issawy
• Mahmud Fahmi Nokrashi, (1948), Prime Minister of Egypt, by a member of the Muslim Brotherhood
• Hassan al-Banna, (1949), founder of the Muslim Brotherhood
• Anwar Sadat, (1981), President of Egypt
• Rifaat al-Mahgoub, (1990), speaker of Egyptian parliament
• Farag Foda, (1992), Egyptian politician and intellectual
• Hisham Barakat, (2015), Egyptian State Prosecutor^[1]

Equatorial Guinea

• Atanasio Ndongo Miyone, Saturnino Ibongo, Bonifacio Ondó Edu, Armando Balboa, Pastor Torao and many others, (1969), Equatorial Guinean politicians, in murderous crackdown after coup attempt against President Francisco Macías Nguema

Ethiopia

• Tilahun Gizaw, (1969), Ethiopian student leader

The Gambia

• Deyda Hydara, (2004), journalist

Guinea

• Amílcar Cabral, (1973), Pan-African intellectual, in Conakry, Guinea

Abudusalam Eduardo 2009

Aissatou Boiro (2012)^[2]

Kenya

• Pio Gama Pinto, (1965), socialist politician
• Tom Mboya, (1969), Kenyan politician
• Josiah Kariuki, (1975), Kenyan politician
• Lawrence Otieno Muga (1987), politician & teacher in Kasipul Kabondo
• Robert Ouko, (1990), foreign minister of Kenya
• John Kaiser, (2000), missionary (officially recorded as a suicide)
• Starlin Arush, (2002), Somali Peace Activist and INGO Worker
• Chrispin Odhiambo Mbai,(2005) Kenyan Constitution Review Commissioner
• Melitus Mugabe Were,(2008) MP,Embakasi

Liberia

• William R. Tolbert, Jr., (1980), president of Liberia killed in military coup
• Samuel Doe, (1990), president of Liberia

Libya

• Muammar Gaddafi, (2011), Chairman of the Revolutionary Command Council of Libya killed by NATO supported opposition fighters during Civil War.

Madagascar

• Radama II of Madagascar, (1863), king of Madagascar.
• Richard Ratsimandrava, (1975), president of Madagascar killed just days after taking power in military coup

Mozambique

• Eduardo Mondlane, (1969), leader of the independentist FRELIMO movement, allegedly killed by the Portuguese branch of Gladio.
• Carlos Cardoso, (2000), Mozambican journalist

Niger

• Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, (1999), President of Niger

Nigeria

• Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa, (1966), Prime Minister of Nigeria killed during military coup
• Alhaji Sir Ahmadu Bello, (1966)
• Samuel Akintola, (1966)
• Johnson Aguiyi-Ironsi, (1966), military head of state
• Adekunle Fajuyi, (1966)
• Murtala Ramat Mohammed, (1976), President of Nigeria
• Dele Giwa, (1986), journalist
• Ken Saro-Wiwa, (1995), activist
• Bola Ige, (2001), justice minister of Nigeria
• Ganiyu Akanbi Bello, (2014), Yoruba Leader and businessman

Rwanda

• Dian Fossey, (1985), primatologist, in the province of Ruhengeri; assassination probably planned by Protais Zigiranyirazo
• Landoald Ndasingwa, 1994, Minister of Labor, killed with his wife and children in the first week of the genocide^[3]
• Agathe Uwilingiyimana, (1994), Prime Minister of Rwanda killed with her husband the morning after genocide began]]^[4]]]
• Juvénal Habyarimana, (1994), His plane was shot out of the sky as it approached Kigali airport, and signalled the start of the Rwandan Genocide.

Somalia

• Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, (1969), president of Somalia
• George Adamson, (1989), British naturalist, at Kora

South Africa

• 1828 - Shaka, king of the Zulus, near Stanger (now KwaDukuza) by his brothers Dingane and Umthlangana, with the help of Mbopa
• 1828 - Umthlangana, Zulu prince, stabbed to death by Dingane shortly after Shaka's assassination
• 1840 - Dingane, king of the Zulus, stabbed to death while on a military expedition in the Hlatikhulu Forest by Zulu Nyawo, Sambane and Nondawana
• 1956 - Henry Nxumalo aka Mr Drum, stabbed to death by an unknown assailant in Sophiatown.
• 1966 - Hendrik Verwoerd, Prime Minister of South Africa, stabbed in parliament by Dimitri Tsafendas
• 1974 - Onkgopotse Tiro, South African student leader, Tiro was assassinated with a parcel bomb while in exile in Botswana. This made him one of the first activists to be assassinated outside of the borders of South Africa. Tiro was buried in Botswana, later reburied in his birth Village Dinokane Near Zeerust
• 1977 - Steve Biko, South African anti-apartheid activist, killed in police custody
• 1982 - Ruth First, anti-apartheid scholar and wife of Communist party leader Joe Slovo, by pro-apartheid master spy and security policeman Craig Williamson
• 1985 - Vernon Nkadimeng, South African dissident
• 1988 - Dulcie September, head of the African National Congress in Paris assassinated in connection with her investigation into arms trafficking into South Africa from France
• 1989 - David Webster, Social anthropologist and anti-Apartheid activist
• 1993 - Chris Hani, leader of the South African Communist Party
• 1993 - Johan Heyns, prominent leader in the Dutch Reformed Church
• 2013 - Steve Khululekile, AMCU regional organiser, Rustenburg, North West, 2013^[5][6]
• 2013 - Nkululeko Gwala, prominent Abahlali baseMjondolo activist, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, 2013^[7][8]

Sudan

• Cleo Noel Jr, US Chief of Mission to Sudan, shot by Black September terrorists (see 1973 Khartoum diplomatic assassinations)
• George Curtis Moore, US Deputy Chief of Mission to Sudan, shot by Black September terrorists (see 1973 Khartoum diplomatic assassinations)
• Guy Eid, Belgian Chargé d'affaires to Sudan, shot by Black September terrorists (see 1973 Khartoum diplomatic assassinations)
• John Granville, diplomat for the United States Agency for International Development, New Years 2008.

Tanzania

• Abeid Karume, (1972), first President of Zanzibar, First Vice President of Tanzania

Togo

• Sylvanus Olympio, (1963), first president of independent Togo, in a coup led by dictator Gnassingbé Eyadéma
• Tavio Amorin, (1992), socialist leader (shot in Lomé, died in Paris)

Tunisia

• Khalil Wazir ("Abu Jihad"), (1988), military leader of the PLO, in Tunis
• Salah Khalaf ("Abu Iyad"), (1991), deputy leader of the PLO killed by Abu Nidal terrorists in Tunis, Tunisia

Uganda

• Benedicto Kiwanuka, (1972), Chief Justice of Uganda
• Janani Luwum, (1977), Archbishop of Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Boga-Zaire from 1974 until 1977

Zambia

• Herbert Chitepo, (1975), Zimbabwean nationalist leader

Zimbabwe

• Attati Mpakati, (1983), left-wing Malawian politician

Related articles and lists

• List of people who survived assassination attempts
• List of assassinations by car bombing
• List of assassins, assassin, terrorist
• List of assassinated anticolonialist leaders

References

1. "Egypt's state prosecutor killed in Cairo bomb attack". www.aljazeera.com. Al Jazeera And Agencies. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
2. http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2012/11/200524.htm
3. L. Mushikiwabo and Jack Kramer, 2006, Rwanda Means the Universe: A Native's Memoir of Blood and Bloodlines, St. Martin's Press
4. R. Dallaire 2004 Shake Hands with the Devil: The Failure of Humanity in Rwanda, Random House
5. Another Marikana murder, NIVASHNI NAIR, The Times, 13 May 2013
6. Marikana union official shot dead as South African tensions rise, DAVID SMITH, Guardian, 13 May 2013
7. KZN: Anatomy of an assassination, Miki Moore, Daily Marverick, 31 July 2013
8. South Africa: Killed for crying foul, by Andrew England, Financial Times, 26 August 2013