List of politicians killed in the Mexican Drug War

This is a list of politicians murdered in the Mexican Drug War. Since the start of the military-led offensive by the Mexican government in 2006, the drug trafficking organizations have slaughtered their rivals, killed policemen, media workers and now increasingly targeted politicians – especially local leaders.[1] Most of the places where these politicians have been killed are areas plagued by drug-related violence.[1] Part of the strategy used by the criminal groups behind the killings of local figures is the weakening of the local governments.[1]

Extreme violence puts politicians at the mercy of the mafias, and thus allowing the cartels to take control of the fundamental government structures and expand their criminal agendas.[1] In addition, because mayors usually appoint local police chiefs, they are seen by the cartels as key assets in their criminal activities to control the police forces in their areas of influence.[2] The cartels also seek to control the local governments to win government contracts and concessions; these "public works" help them ingrain themselves in the community and gain the loyalty and respect of the communities in which they operate.[2]

Currently, the criminal organizations in Mexico earn a substantial amount of money from extortion and retail drug sales, known in Spanish as "narco-menudeo."[3] Unlike the transnational drug trade, which can be carried out without the aid and protection of authorities, local police forces are more likely to be aware of the local extortions and drug sales. Hence, government tolerance – and at times, government collusion – is necessary for the cartels to operate.[3]

Politicians are usually targeted for three reasons: (1) Political figures who are honest pose a direct threat to organize crime, and are consequently killed by the cartels; (2) Politicians make arrangements to protect a certain cartel and are killed by a rival cartel; and (3) a cartel simply kills politicians to heat up the turf of the rival cartel that operates in the area.[4]

Another issue behind the assassination of politicians is that Mexico is more democratic than how it used to be a couple of decades ago, when the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) ruled Mexico uninterruptedly for more than six decades. Today, the criminals groups have to deal with three major political parties, posing challenges to the long-relationships the cartels had during the past regime.[3] Drug-related assassinations are not solely limited to local and low-profile politicians.[2] As demonstrated with the killing of Rodolfo Torre Cantú in June 2010, a candidate for the PRI who was running for the state government of Tamaulipas, drug lords are interfering with Mexico's election process.[5]

List

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

Notices

Name Political Party Position Date Location Sources
Teodoro Herrera SosaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president18 January 2005Soto la Marina, Tamaulipas[6][7]
Raúl Delgado BenavidesN/AMunicipal president15 July 2006Cuautitlán, Jalisco[8][9]
Juan Antonio Guajardo AnzaldúaPAN-PRD-PTFormer municipal president, Senator, and Deputy29 November 2007Río Bravo, Tamaulipas[nb 1][10][11]
Leopoldo Juárez UrbinaConvergenciaFormer municipal president8 May 2008Cherán, Michoacán[12][13][14]
Marcelo Ibarra VillaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president1 June 2008Villa Madero, Michoacán[15]
Manuel de Jesús Angulo TorresInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president4 June 2008Topia, Durango[nb 2][16]
Juan Manuel Orozco SerranoInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president24 July 2008Cuautitlán, Jalisco[17][18]
Héctor Lorenzo RíosParty of the Democratic RevolutionMunicipal president24 September 2008Ayutla, Guerrero[19][20]
Salvador Vergara CruzInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president8 October 2008Ixtapan de la Sal, State of Mexico[21]
Claudio Reyes NúñezInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president6 February 2009Otáez, Durango[22][23]
Francisco Javier Rodríguez AcevesParty of the Democratic RevolutionFormer municipal president22 February 2009Petatlán, Guerrero[24]
Octavio Manuel Carrillo CastellanosInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president24 February 2009Vista Hermosa, Michoacán[25][26]
Gonzalo Paz TorresN/AChief of city council7 March 2009Tancítaro, Michoacán[27][28]
Dimas Arzeta CisnerosInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president14 March 2009Tecpan de Galeana, Guerrero[29]
Gustavo Bucio RodríguezParty of the Democratic RevolutionCandidate for Deputy (legislator)7 April 2009Michoacán[30][31]
Nicolás León HernándezInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president3 April 2009Isla del Cayacal, Michoacán[32][33]
Alfonso Rivera CruzN/AMunicipal president pro tempore20 April 2009Zapotitlán Tablas, Guerrero[34]
Luis Carlos Ramírez LópezNational Action PartyMunicipal president2 June 2009Ocampo, Durango[35][36]
Efraín Gutiérrez ArcosInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president11 June 2009Santa Ana Maya, Michoacán[37][38]
Héctor Manuel Meixueiro MuñozNational Action PartyMunicipal president14 July 2009Namiquipa, Chihuahua[39][40]
Ismael RiveraN/ATreasurer of the municipality14 July 2009Namiquipa, Chihuahua[41]
Armando Chavarría BarreraParty of the Democratic RevolutionCongressman20 August 2009Chilpancingo, Guerrero[42]
Estanislao García SantelisN/AMunicipal president9 October 2009Palomas, Chihuahua[43]
José Sánchez ChávezInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president16 October 2009Tiquicheo, Michoacán[44]
Aurelio Fausto Cháidez ChavarínN/AFormer municipal president9 January 2010Culiacán, Sinaloa[45]
Ramón Mendívil SoteloInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president18 February 2010Guadalupe y Calvo, Chihuahua[46][47]
Manuel Estrada EscalanteInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president23 February 2010El Mezquital, Durango[48][49]
José Santiago AgustínInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president28 April 2010Zapotitlán Tablas, Guerrero[50][51]
Abel Uribe LandaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president3 May 2010Tetipac, Guerrero[52][53]
José Mario Guajardo VarelaNational Action PartyCandidate for municipal presidency12 May 2010Valle Hermoso, Tamaulipas[54][55]
Jesús Manuel Lara RodríguezInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president19 June 2010Guadalupe, Chihuahua[56]
Óscar Venancio Martínez RiveraInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president19 June 2010San José del Progreso, Oaxaca[57]
Rodolfo Torre CantúInstitutional Revolutionary PartyCandidate for governor28 June 2010Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas[58]
Enrique Blackmore SmerInstitutional Revolutionary PartyDeputy (legislator)28 June 2010Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas[59][60]
Nicolás García AmbrosioParty of the Democratic RevolutionMunicipal president30 June 2010Santo Domingo, Oaxaca[61][62]
Romero Núñez MontielCompromise for Puebla (coalition party)Candidate for municipal presidency3 July 2010Jololalpan, Puebla[nb 3][63]
Alberto Herrera CasillasN/AFormer municipal president10 July 2010Tecalitlán, Jalisco[64][65]
Edelmiro Cavazos LealNational Action PartyMunicipal president18 August 2010Santiago, Nuevo León[66]
Marco Antonio Leal GarcíaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president29 August 2010Hidalgo, Tamaulipas[67][68]
Alexander López GarcíaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president8 September 2010El Naranjo, San Luis Potosí[69][70]
Prisciliano Rodríguez SalinasInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president23 September 2010Doctor González, Nuevo León[71][72]
Gustavo Sánchez CervantesN/AInterim municipal president27 September 2010Uruapan, Michoacán[28][73]
Antonio Jiménez BañosInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president-elect8 October 2010Mártires de Tacubaya, Oaxaca[nb 4][74][75][76]
José Felipe GarcíaN/AMunicipal president16 October 2010Cruillas, Tamaulipas[nb 5][77]
Rito Grado SerranoN/AMunicipal president17 October 2010Praxedis G. Guerrero, Chihuahua[78][79]
Jaime Lozoya ÁvilaParty of the Democratic RevolutionMunicipal president6 November 2010San Bernardo, Durango[80][81]
Gregorio Barradas MiraveteNational Action PartyMunicipal president9 November 2010Juan Rodríguez Lara, Veracruz[82][83]
Omar ManzurNational Action PartyMunicipal president pro tempore9 November 2010Juan Rodríguez Lara, Veracruz[83][84]
Jesús Silverio Cavazos CeballosInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer governor21 November 2010Colima, Colima[85][86]
Saúl Vara RiveraInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president5 January 2011Zaragoza, Coahuila[87][88]
Abraham Ortiz RosalesEcologist Green Party of MexicoMunicipal president11 January 2011Temoac, Morelos[89]
Luis Jiménez MataN/AMunicipal president13 January 2011Santiago Amoltepec[90][91]
Juan Carlos Guardado MéndezLabor PartyFormer municipal president4 February 2011Fresnillo, Zacatecas[nb 6][92]
Adán Ocampo OrtizNational Action PartyMunicipality director9 February 2011Chinameca, Veracruz[nb 7][93]
Saturnino Valdez LlanosInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president12 February 2011Tampico Alto, Veracruz[nb 8][94][95]
José Luis Prieto TorresN/AFormer municipal president22 February 2011Allende, Chihuahua[96]
Enrique Chávez GómezParty of the Democratic RevolutionFormer candidate for municipal presidency28 February 2011El Saucillo, Chihuahua[97]
Mario Chuc AguilarN/AFormer municipal president10 March 2011Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo[98][99]
Enterbio Reyes BelloN/AFormer municipal president7 April 2011Copanatoyac, Guerrero[100]
Silvia Moreno LealN/AFormer municipal president14 May 2011Balleza, Chihuahua[101][102]
Fernando Duarte FloresN/AFormer municipal president18 May 2011Nuevo Laredo, Tamaulipas[103]
Alfonso López VázquezN/AFormer municipal president27 May 2011Jalapa, Tabasco[nb 9][104]
Eduardo García DelgadoInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president7 June 2011Lerdo de Tejada, Veracruz[nb 10][105]
Gonzalo Amador OrtegaNational Action PartyFormer candidate for municipal presidency24 June 2011Huauchinango, Puebla[106]
Ernesto Cornejo ValenzuelaNational Action PartyFormer candidate for deputy; State delegate for the PAN21 July 2011Villa Juárez, Sonora[107]
Fortino Cortés SandovalN/AMunicipal president28 July 2011Florencia de Benito Juárez, Zacatecas[108][109]
Wilfrido Campos GonzálezInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer deputy (legislator)8 August 2012Matamoros, Tamaulipas[110][111]
José Eduviges Nava AltamiranoLabor PartyMunicipal president20 August 2011Zacualpan, State of Mexico[112]
Luz María García VillagránN/AMunicipal president24 August 2011Gran Morelos, Chihuahua[113]
René Carreón GómezN/AFormer municipal president29 August 2011Cuancamé, Zacatecas[nb 11][114]
Gustavo Pacheco VillaseñorInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president15 September 2011Tuxtepec, Oaxaca[115]
Moisés Villanueva de la LuzInstitutional Revolutionary PartyDeputy (legislator)17 September 2011Tlapa de Comonfort, Guerrero[116]
Ricardo Guzmán RomeroNational Action PartyMunicipal president2 November 2011La Piedad, Michoacán[117][118]
Roberto Miguel GalvánN/AFormer municipal president19 November 2011Tepetzintla, Veracruz[nb 12][119]
Fortunato Ruiz BlázquezN/AFormer municipal president12 December 2011Ixhuacán de los Reyes, Veracruz[120]
José Martínez MendozaN/AFormer municipal president21 December 2011Cosalá, Sinaloa[121]
Porfirio Flores AyalaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president31 December 2011Cuernavaca, Morelos[122]
Arturo García SolanoParty of the Democratic RevolutionFormer candidate for deputy (legislator)10 March 2012Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí[123]
Alfonso Peña PeñaNational Action PartyFormer municipal president16 March 2012Tepehuanes, Durango[nb 13][124]
Francisco García GirardInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president14 April 2012Aquiles Serdán, Chihuahua[125][126]
Rafael Landa FernándezN/AMunicipal president pro tempore18 April 2012Atzalan, Veracruz[127]
Horacio Barquín CevallosInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president pro tempore28 April 2012Taxco de Alarcón, Guerrero[128]
Rafael Ariza BibianoParty of the Democratic RevolutionFormer municipal president2 June 2012Coyuca de Benítez, Guerrero[nb 14][129]
Margarito Genchi CasianoParty of the Democratic RevolutionCandidate for Deputy (legislator)11 June 2012Florencio Villarreal, Guerrero[130]
Marisol Mora CuevasNational Action PartyMunicipal president28 June 2012Loma Bonita, Oaxaca[131][132]
Pedro Filemón Luis HernándezN/AMunicipal president pro tempore2 August 2012San Miguel Tilquiapam, Oaxaca[133]
Nadin Torralba MejíaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president5 August 2012Tecpan de Galeana, Guerrero[nb 15][134]
Rodolfo Leal AlanísSocial Democratic PartyFormer candidate for Deputy7 August 2012Escobedo, Nuevo León[135][136]
Édgar Morales PérezInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president-elect12 August 2012Matehuala, San Luis Potosí[137]
Ignacio Pérez RodríguezParty of the Democratic RevolutionFormer candidate for municipal presidency18 August 2012Tamuín, San Luis Potosí[nb 16][138]
Nahum Tress ManicaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president28 August 2012Isla, Veracruz[139]
Hernán Belden ElizondoNational Action PartyFormer deputy (legislator)7 September 2012Santa Catarina, Nuevo León[140]
Miguel Jaimes PalaciosN/AFormer municipal president8 September 2012Tierra Caliente, Guerrero[141]
Eduardo Castro LuqueInstitutional Revolutionary PartyDeputy-elect14 September 2012Ciudad Obregón, Sonora[142]
Jaime Serrano CedilloInstitutional Revolutionary PartyDeputy (legislator)16 September 2012Nezahualcóyotl, State of Mexico[143]
Lorenzo Salinas MendozaN/AFormer municipal president26 September 2012Santa María Temaxcaltepec, Oaxaca[144]
Raúl Antonio Rodríguez BarreraInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president31 October 2012Miguel Alemán, Tamaulipas[145]
María Santos Gorrostieta SalazarParty of the Democratic RevolutionFormer municipal president16 November 2012Cuitzeo, Michoacán[146][147]
Rafael Piña de LunaParty of the Democratic RevolutionFormer candidate for municipal presidency15 December 2012Ciudad Valles, San Luis Potosí[148]
Amalia Terán RubioNational Action PartyDeputy pro tempore16 December 2012Huehuetlán, San Luis Potosí[149]
Pablo Antonio PintorInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president16 December 2012Ciudad del Maíz, San Luis Potosí[150]
Miguel Ángel Farfán OrtegaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer candidate for municipal presidency18 December 2012Salvador Escalante, Michoacán[151]
Ignacio Domínguez CarranzaNational Action PartyFormer candidate for municipal presidency18 January 2013Tlaquiltenango, Morelos[152]
Wilfrido Flores VillaN/AInterim municipal president4 February 2013Nahuatzen, Michoacán[153]
Jesús Manuel LanderoInstitutional Revolutionary PartyCandidate for municipal president18 February 2013Lerdo, Durango[154]
Enrique Marín LaraNational Action PartyFormer municipal president22 February 2013Soledad de Doblado, Veracruz[155]
Francisco David Carrasco CarneroNational Action PartyFormer municipal president23 February 2013Julimes, Chihuahua[156]
Feliciano Martínez BautistaN/AMunicipal president25 March 2013San Juan Mixtepec, Oaxaca[157]
José René Garrido RochaInstitutional Revolutionary PartyMunicipal president20 April 2013San Salvador el Verde, Oaxaca[158]
Celestino Félix Vázquez LuisN/AMunicipal president4 June 2013San Miguel Tilquiapam, Oaxaca[159]
Jaime Orozco MaxdigalInstitutional Revolutionary PartyCandidate for municipal presidency11 June 2013Guadalupe y Calvo[160][161]
Guillermo Maceda CervantesParty of the Democratic RevolutionPre-candidate for municipal president15 June 2013Tlacoachistlahuaca, Guerrero[162]
Isaac López RojasPartido CardenistaCandidate of municipal president pro tempore15 June 2013Martínez de la Torre, Veracruz[163]
José Ramírez RománInstitutional Revolutionary PartyFormer municipal president21 June 2013Saín Alto, Zacatecas[164]
Francisco Navarro MontenegroPartido del Frente Cardenista de Reconstrucción NacionalFormer candidate for governor29 June 2013Saltillo, Coahuila[165]
Ricardo Reyes ZamudioMovimiento CiudadanoCandidate for municipal president1 July 2013Durango, Durango[166]
Víctor Tapia OcampoN/AFormer municipal president14 August 2013Tetecala, Morelos[167]
Gisela Mota OcampoParty of the Democratic RevolutionDeputy of LXII Legislature and the Mayor of Temixco2 January 2016Temixco, Morelos

See also

Notes

  1. Guajardo Anzaldúa was municipal president for PAN (1993-1995) and later for PT (2002-2003); Federal deputy for PRD (1996-2000) and PT (2004-2006); and Senator for Tamaulipas for the PRD (1994).
  2. Angulo Torres was kidnapped with his brother at a restaurant on 4 June 2008. His body has not been found and he is not reported as dead.
  3. Compromise for Puebla (Compromiso por Puebla) was a coalition party made up of the PAN, PRI, PRD, PANAL, and Convergence.
  4. Jiménez Baños is also referred to as Artemio Tomás.
  5. José Felipe García was kidnapped by gunmen on 16 October 2010 and is currently disappeared. Officially, he had not been reported dead.
  6. Guardado Méndez was abducted on 4 February 2011 and is currently disappeared. He is not reported as dead.
  7. Ocampo Ortiz was kidnapped on 9 February 2011 and has not been found. He is not reported as dead.
  8. Valdez Llanos was intercepted by gunmen and has not been found. He is not reported as dead.
  9. López Vázquez was forced out of his vehicle and kidnapped while he headed to his ranch. He has not been found.
  10. Seven gunmen kidnapped García Delgado outside a hardware store. His wife tried to impide his abduction and was beaten.
  11. Carreón Gómez is currently disappeared. He was last heard of on 29 August 2011 when he called his family. He is not reported as dead.
  12. Cartel members broke into Galván's house and kidnapped him. He remains disappeared.
  13. Peña was abducted on 25 July 2010. Nonetheless, his body was found inside a clandestine mass grave on 16 March 2012.
  14. Ariza Bibiano was forced out of his domicile by armed men. They never called back for ransom.
  15. Torralba Mejía was kidnapped by armed men after they intercepted his vehicle. He is currently disappeared.
  16. Pérez Rodríguez disappeared in Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas with four family members. Nothing is known of their whereabouts.

References

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