List of presidential appointees to the Council of State (Ireland)

The President of Ireland has the right to appoint a maximum of seven members of the Council of State, which advises the President in exercising certain reserve powers. As well as the seven (or fewer) appointees, the Council has seven ex officio members and a variable number of life members by right of former office. An appointed member's term ends when the President's term ends, although a new or re-elected President may re-appoint members. If an appointed member accedes to one of the positions conferring ex officio membership of the Council, this creates a vacancy which the President may fill via another appointment.

History

The first President, Douglas Hyde, who took office in 1938, did not nominate members till the Council first met in January 1940; all six nominees were Oireachtas members, and not members of the Fianna Fáil government party.[1]

For long, Presidents included senior serving politicians on the Council. Éamon de Valera said during the 1937 debate on the proposed Constitution, "this Council of State ... will ordinarily contain the leaders of the big Parties in the Dáil."[2] Fine Gael objected in 1991 when Mary Robinson became the first President not to have the Leader of the Opposition in the Council.[3][4] Robinson had promised to appoint two representatives of the Opposition,[5] but the practice of including the Leader was not a fixed rule.[6] In early 1995, after the Fianna Fáil-led government was replaced by a Fine Gael-led government without a general election, Mary Robinson asked Monica Barnes of Fine Gael to resign from the council of state to allow Mary O'Rourke of Fianna Fáil to be appointed instead to increase the Opposition voice.[7] The Oireachtas Committee on the Constitution issued a 1998 report dealing with the Presidency, which recommended that the President be "empowered to nominate two members of the Dáil who belong to parties other than the party or parties that form the government for the life of that government".[8]

Early Presidents included one or two representatives of minorities; there were several of Anglo-Irish, Protestant, or ex-Unionist backgrounds, and the Jewish Bob Briscoe.[6] In campaigning in the 1990 presidential election, Mary Robinson promised to reform the Council of State. She criticised it for consisting "mainly of senior or retired politicians" and promised to make it "truly representative of the community as a whole".[5] Prior to 1990, Presidents generally reappointed members from the previous term; new members were appointed only when a vacancy arose by a previous appointee's death or accession to ex-officio membership. Robinson abandoned this practice by appointing seven new members;[3] Mary McAleese did likewise at both her first and second terms. Michael D. Higgins appointed six first-timers and Catherine McGuinness, who had served under Patrick Hillery.[9]

During the 2011 presidential election campaign, candidate Mary Davis, best known for her Special Olympics activism, pledged to nominate a person with intellectual disability to the Council.[10] This proposal attracted some criticism as tokenism, but was endorsed by Fergus Finlay.[11] During a debate on The Late Late Show, candidates were later asked whether they thought Denis O'Brien would be "a suitable person to be on the Council of State".[12] After the victory of Labour Party candidate Michael D. Higgins, the party denied that its leader Eamon Gilmore had suggested nominees to Higgins.[13]

List

Appointee Time[n 1] President appointing Date appointed Date ceased Role on appointment; notes References
Dillon , JamesJames Dillon 1 Hyde , DouglasDouglas Hyde 8 January 1940 24 June 1945? TD, initially for Fine Gael, later Independent [1][14]
Farnan , RobertRobert Farnan 1 Hyde , DouglasDouglas Hyde 8 January 1940 24 June 1945? Senator nominated by the Taoiseach [1][14][15]
Keane , JohnJohn Keane 1 Hyde , DouglasDouglas Hyde 8 January 1940 24 June 1945? Independent Senator. Anglo-Irish Baronet. [14]
Mulcahy , RichardRichard Mulcahy 1 Hyde , DouglasDouglas Hyde 8 January 1940 24 June 1945? Fine Gael TD [1][14]
Norton , WilliamWilliam Norton 1 Hyde , DouglasDouglas Hyde 8 January 1940 24 June 1945? Labour Party leader [1][14]
Tierney , MichaelMichael Tierney 1 Hyde , DouglasDouglas Hyde 8 January 1940 1944 Independent Senator and University College Dublin professor of Greek [1][14][16]
Blowick , JosephJoseph Blowick 1 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 22 August 1946 24 June 1952? Clann na Talmhan leader [17][18]
Forbes , BernardBernard Forbes 1 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 22 August 1946 10 September 1948 Anglo-Irish, 8th Earl of Granard. Died in office. [17][18][19]
Mulcahy , RichardRichard Mulcahy 2 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 22 August 1946 24 June 1952? Leader of the Opposition [17][18]
Farnan , RobertRobert Farnan 2 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 22 August 1946 24 June 1952? [17][18]
Foran , ThomasThomas Foran 1 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 22 August 1946 18 March 1951 Senator nominated by the Taoiseach. Died in office. [17][18][20]
Keane , JohnJohn Keane 2 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 22 August 1946 24 June 1952? [17][18]
Norton , WilliamWilliam Norton 2 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 22 August 1946 18 February 1948 Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, after the 1948 general election. [17][18][21]
Macentee, SeanSeán MacEntee 1 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 1948 24 June 1952? Fianna Fáil minister. [22][23]
Farnan , RobertRobert Farnan 3 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly March 1953 24 June 1959 [15][24][25][26]
Keane , JohnJohn Keane 3 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly March 1953 30 January 1956 Died in office [25]
Macentee, SeanSeán MacEntee 2 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly March 1953 23 June 1959 Made Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, the day before O'Kelly's term expired [24][25][26]
Mulcahy , RichardRichard Mulcahy 3 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly March 1953 24 June 1959 [24][25][26]
Norton , WilliamWilliam Norton 3 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly March 1953 2 June 1954 Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, in the 1954–57 government. [25][27]
Stafford-King-Harman , CecilCecil Stafford-King-Harman 1 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly ? 24 June 1959 Anglo-Irish, grandson of Edward King-Harman; owned the Rockingham Estate, now Lough Key Forest Park [24][26]
Norton , WilliamWilliam Norton 4 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 1957 24 June 1959 Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, till after the 1957 general election.[27] [24][26]
Little , PatrickPatrick Little 1 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly July 1957 24 June 1959 Fianna Fáil TD [24][26][28]
Dockrell , Maurice E.Maurice E. Dockrell 1 Okelly, Sean TSeán T. O'Kelly 1958? 24 June 1959 Anglo-Irish Fine Gael TD [26]
Dockrell , Maurice E.Maurice E. Dockrell 2 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 23 September 1959 24 June 1966? [26]
Farnan , RobertRobert Farnan 4 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 23 September 1959 7 January 1962 Died in office [26][29]
Little , PatrickPatrick Little 2 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 23 September 1959 16 May 1963 Died in office [26][30][31]
Mulcahy , RichardRichard Mulcahy 4 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 23 September 1959 24 June 1966? [26]
Norton , WilliamWilliam Norton 5 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 23 September 1959 4 December 1963 Died in office [26][31][32]
Omara, Stephen MStephen M. O'Mara 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 23 September 1959 11 November 1959 Former Mayor of Limerick. Died in office. [26][33]
Uabuachalla, DomhnallDomhnall Ua Buachalla 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 23 September 1959 30 October 1963 Former Governor-General of the Irish Free State. Died in office. [26][31]
Dillon , JamesJames Dillon 2 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera March 1960 24 June 1966? Fine Gael Leader of the Opposition. Replaced Stephen O'Mara. [34]
Briscoe , RobertRobert Briscoe 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 1962 24 June 1966? Jewish Fianna Fáil TD. Replaced Robert Farnan. [35]
Corish, BrendanBrendan Corish 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1964 24 June 1966? Labour Party leader. Replaced William Norton. [31]
Crowley , HonorHonor Crowley 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1964 24 June 1966? Fianna Fáil TD [31]
Dowdall , JaneJane Dowdall 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1964 24 June 1966? Fianna Fáil former Senator and Lord Mayor of Cork [31]
Briscoe , RobertRobert Briscoe 2 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1967 29 May 1969 Died in office [35][36]
Corish, BrendanBrendan Corish 2 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1967 14 March 1973 Became Tánaiste, and ex-officio member of the Council, after the 1973 general election. [36][37][38]
Dillon , JamesJames Dillon 3 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1967 24 June 1973? [36][37]
Dockrell , Maurice E.Maurice E. Dockrell 3 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1967 24 June 1973? [36][37]
Dowdall , JaneJane Dowdall 2 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1967 24 June 1973? [36][37]
Mulcahy , RichardRichard Mulcahy 5 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 13 January 1967 16 December 1971 Died in office [36][37]
Macentee, SeanSeán MacEntee 3 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 16 February 1968 24 June 1973? [37]
Aiken , FrankFrank Aiken 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 3 July 1969 24 June 1973? Fianna Fáil TD. Tánaiste, and ex officio member of the Council, till after the 1969 general election. Replaced Bob Briscoe. [37]
McConnell , Albert JosephAlbert Joseph McConnell 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 2 January 1973 24 June 1973? Provost of Trinity College, Dublin. Replaced Richard Mulcahy. [39]
Desmond, BarryBarry Desmond 1 Devalera, EamonÉamon de Valera 11 April 1973 24 June 1973 Labour Party minister. Replaced Brendan Corish. [38]
Aiken , FrankFrank Aiken 2 Childers , ErskineErskine Childers 1973 17 November 1974 [40]
Desmond, BarryBarry Desmond 2 Childers , ErskineErskine Childers 1973 17 November 1974 [40][41]
Dillon , JamesJames Dillon 4 Childers , ErskineErskine Childers 1973 17 November 1974 [40]
Dockrell , Maurice E.Maurice E. Dockrell 4 Childers , ErskineErskine Childers 1973 17 November 1974 [40]
Dowdall , JaneJane Dowdall 3 Childers , ErskineErskine Childers 1973 17 November 1974 Died on 12 December 1974, before the newly elected President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh had appointed nominees to the Council. [40]
Macentee, SeanSeán MacEntee 4 Childers , ErskineErskine Childers 1973 17 November 1974 [40]
McConnell , Albert JosephAlbert Joseph McConnell 2 Childers , ErskineErskine Childers 1973 17 November 1974 [40]
Aiken , FrankFrank Aiken 3 Odalaigh, CearbhallCearbhall Ó Dálaigh 2 January 1975 22 October 1976 [40][42]
Desmond, BarryBarry Desmond 3 Odalaigh, CearbhallCearbhall Ó Dálaigh 2 January 1975 22 October 1976 [40][41][42]
Dillon , JamesJames Dillon 5 Odalaigh, CearbhallCearbhall Ó Dálaigh 2 January 1975 22 October 1976 [40][42]
Dockrell , Maurice E.Maurice E. Dockrell 5 Odalaigh, CearbhallCearbhall Ó Dálaigh 2 January 1975 22 October 1976 [40][42]
Macentee, SeanSeán MacEntee 5 Odalaigh, CearbhallCearbhall Ó Dálaigh 2 January 1975 22 October 1976 [40][42]
McConnell , Albert JosephAlbert Joseph McConnell 3 Odalaigh, CearbhallCearbhall Ó Dálaigh 2 January 1975 22 October 1976 [40][42]
Mackenna, SiobhanSiobhán McKenna 1 Odalaigh, CearbhallCearbhall Ó Dálaigh 2 January 1975 22 October 1976 Actress. Replaced Jane Dowdall. [40][42]
Aiken , FrankFrank Aiken 4 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 24 March 1977 19 May 1983 Died in office [42]
Desmond, BarryBarry Desmond 4 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 24 March 1977 2 December 1983 [42]
Dillon , JamesJames Dillon 6 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 24 March 1977 2 December 1983 [42]
Dockrell , Maurice E.Maurice E. Dockrell 6 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 24 March 1977 2 December 1983 [42]
Macentee, SeanSeán MacEntee 6 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 24 March 1977 2 December 1983 [42]
McConnell , Albert JosephAlbert Joseph McConnell 4 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 24 March 1977 2 December 1983 [42]
Mackenna, SiobhanSiobhán McKenna 2 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 24 March 1977 2 December 1983 [42]
Uidhalaigh, MairinMáirín Bean Uí Dhálaigh 1 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery June 1983 2 December 1983 Widow of President Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh. Replaced Frank Aiken. [43]
Desmond, BarryBarry Desmond 5 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 16 December 1983 2 December 1990 [44]
Dillon , JamesJames Dillon 7 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 16 December 1983 10 February 1986 Died in office [44]
Dockrell , Maurice E.Maurice E. Dockrell 7 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 16 December 1983 9 December 1986 Died in office [44]
Macentee, SeanSeán MacEntee 7 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 16 December 1983 10 January 1984 Died in office [44]
McConnell , Albert JosephAlbert Joseph McConnell 5 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 16 December 1983 2 December 1990 [44]
Mackenna, SiobhanSiobhán McKenna 3 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 16 December 1983 16 November 1986 Died in office [44]
Uidhalaigh, MairinMáirín Bean Uí Dhálaigh 2 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 16 December 1983 2 December 1990 [44]
Faulkner, PadraigPádraig Faulkner 1 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 1984 2 December 1990 Former Fianna Fáil minister and Ceann Comhairle. Replaced Seán MacEntee. [45]
Dukes , AlanAlan Dukes 1 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 2 May 1988 2 December 1990 Fine Gael leader of the Opposition [46]
Macguinness, CatherineCatherine McGuinness 1 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 2 May 1988 2 December 1990 Barrister and former Independent Senator [46][47]
Hussey , GemmaGemma Hussey 1 Hillery , PatrickPatrick Hillery 8 September 1989 2 December 1990 Fine Gael TD [48][49]
Barnes , MonicaMonica Barnes 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson 20 February 1991 April 1995 Fine Gael TD. Resigned to make way for Mary O'Rourke. [4][7]
Colleran , EmerEmer Colleran 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson 20 February 1991 12 September 1997 An Taisce [4]
O'Donovan , PatriciaPatricia O'Donovan 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson 20 February 1991 12 September 1997 Trade union barrister [4]
Oliver , QuintinQuintin Oliver 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson 20 February 1991 12 September 1997 Director of the Northern Ireland Council for Voluntary Action [4]
Smith , RosemarieRosemarie Smith 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson 20 February 1991 12 September 1997 Irish Farmers' Association official [4]
Toolan , DonalDonal Toolan 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson 20 February 1991 12 September 1997 Disabled journalist [4]
Whitaker , T. K.T. K. Whitaker 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson 20 February 1991 12 September 1997 Former civil servant and Senator [4]
O'Rourke , MaryMary O'Rourke 1 Robinson , MaryMary Robinson April 1995 12 September 1997 Fianna Fáil TD. Replaced Monica Barnes. [7]
Brett , GordonGordon Brett 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 16 December 1997 10 November 2004 Psychologist [50][51]
Crowley, BrianBrian Crowley 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 16 December 1997 10 November 2004 Fianna Fáil MEP [50][51]
Carney Flynn , ChristinaChristina Carney Flynn 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 16 December 1997 10 November 2004 Irish Municipal, Public and Civil Trade Union official [50][51]
Curtis , RuthRuth Curtis 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 16 December 1997 10 November 2004 NUI Galway psychology professor[52] [50][51]
Kennedy , StanislausStanislaus Kennedy 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 16 December 1997 10 November 2004 Nun, Focus Ireland campaigner [50][51]
Naughton, MartinMartin Naughton 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 16 December 1997 10 November 2004 Businessman [50][51]
Stewart, NoelNoel Stewart 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 16 December 1997 10 November 2004 Belfast accountant [50][51]
Bicker , HarveyHarvey Bicker 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 22 November 2004 10 November 2011 Former British Army colonel and Ulster Unionist Party councillor [53][54]
Crickley, AnastasiaAnastasia Crickley 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 22 November 2004 10 November 2011 Chair of the National Consultative Committee on Racism and Interculturalism [53][54]
Davis , MaryMary Davis 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 22 November 2004 10 November 2011 Special Olympics activist [53][54]
Mansergh , MartinMartin Mansergh 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 22 November 2004 10 November 2011 Fianna Fáil Senator [53][54]
Marren , EndaEnda Marren 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 22 November 2004 10 November 2011 Fine Gael activist [53][54]
Moloney , DenisDenis Moloney 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 22 November 2004 10 November 2011 Northern Irish lawyer [53][54]
Mulvihill, DaraineDaráine Mulvihill 1 Macaleese, MaryMary McAleese 22 November 2004 10 November 2011 Meningitis survivor [53][54]
Farrell , MichaelMichael Farrell 1 Higgins , Michael D.Michael D. Higgins 6 January 2012 Incumbent Solicitor and human/civil rights campaigner [9][55]
Heenan , DeirdreDeirdre Heenan 1 Higgins , Michael D.Michael D. Higgins 6 January 2012 2012 Incumbent Provost and Dean of Academic Development, Magee College, University of Ulster [9][55]
Macguinness, CatherineCatherine McGuinness 2 Higgins, Michael D.Michael D. Higgins 6 January 2012 2012 Incumbent Former Senator, Supreme Court judge and President, Law Reform Commission [9][47][55]
McKiernan , RuairíRuairí McKiernan 1 Higgins , Michael D.Michael D. Higgins 6 January 2012 2012 Incumbent Community activist; Social entrepreneur; founder SpunOut.ie [9][55]
Mulready , SallySally Mulready 1 Higgins , Michael D.Michael D. Higgins 6 January 2012 2012 Incumbent Councillor, London Borough of Hackney [9][55]
Ó Tuathaigh , GearóidGearóid Ó Tuathaigh 1 Higgins , Michael D.Michael D. Higgins 6 January 2012 2012 Incumbent Professor Emeritus, NUI, Galway; Former Cathaoirleach, Údarás na Gaeltachta [9][55]
Quinn , GerardGerard Quinn 1 Higgins , Michael D.Michael D. Higgins 6 January 2012 2012 Incumbent Director, Centre for Disability Law and Policy, NUI, Galway [9][55]
  1. ↑ e.g. a value of 3 indicates that the relevant date interval was the 3rd time the person was a nominee on the Council of State.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Hogan, Gerard (2000). "The Supreme Court and the Reference of the Offences Against the State (Amendment) Bill 1940". Irish Jurist 35: 257.
  2. ↑ Dáil debates Vol.67 col.46
  3. 1 2 "The President's choices". The Irish Times. 21 February 1991. p. 11.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ferrie, Liam (25 February 1991). "Council of State". The Irish Emigrant. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  5. 1 2 Tynan, Maol Mhuire (27 September 1990). "Robinson wants Council of State to have new role in Presidency". The Irish Times. p. 2.
  6. 1 2 Duffy, Jim (21 February 1991). "Council of State's function is still very confined". The Irish Times. p. 9.
  7. 1 2 3 Tynan, Maol Mhuire (11 April 1995). "President, Taoiseach will discuss dispute". The Irish Times. p. 1. Retrieved 5 January 2011.
  8. ↑ All-party Oireachtas Committee on the Constitution (1998). "19; Council of State: additional political members". The President (PDF). Progress Reports 3. Dublin: Stationery Office. p. 24. ISBN 0-7076-6161-7. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2010.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Doyle, Kilian (6 January 2012). "Higgins unveils his seven Council of State nominees". The Irish Times. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
  10. ↑ Reilly, Gavan (17 October 2011). "Davis promises to appoint intellectually disabled person to Council of State". TheJournal.ie. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  11. ↑ Finlay, Fergus (28 October 2011). "Letters: Who should sit on Council of State?". The Irish Times. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  12. ↑ "As It Happened: Frontline Presidential Debate". RTÉ.ie. 24 October 2011. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  13. ↑ "Gilmore did not suggest names for Council of State, says Labour". The Irish Times. 14 November 2011. Retrieved 22 November 2011.
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Coogan, Tim Pat (2002). The IRA. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 137, footnote. ISBN 978-0-312-29416-8. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  15. 1 2 "Dr. Robert P. Farnan". Members database. Oireachtas. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  16. ↑ UCD President's Office. "Michael Tierney - President: 1947-1964". University College Dublin. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  17. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "The Council of State". The Irish Times. 24 August 1948. p. 1.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "News of the week". The Irish law times and solicitors' journal 80: 222. 1946.
  19. ↑ Dewar, Peter Beauclerk (August 2001). "Forbes; Earls of Granard". Burke's landed gentry of Great Britain: together with members of the titled and non-titled contemporary establishment. Burke's Peerage. pp. 443–4. ISBN 978-0-9711966-0-5. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  20. ↑ Mr. Thomas Foran Oireachtas Members Database
  21. ↑ Dáil debates Vol.110 c.82
  22. ↑ "Papers of Seán MacEntee (1889–1984)". University Archives. University College Dublin. Retrieved 17 November 2010. He was a long-serving member of the Council of State, being first appointed in 1948
  23. ↑ "Appointed to Council of State". The Irish Times. 19 February 1968. p. 9.
  24. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Dáil debates Vol.164 col.1308
  25. 1 2 3 4 5 "Appointed to Council of State". The Irish Times. 1 April 1953. p. 1.
  26. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "New members of Council of State". The Irish Times. p. 1. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  27. 1 2 "Fifteenth Dáil". Department of Taoiseach. Retrieved 18 November 2010.
  28. ↑ "Mr Little a member of Council of State". The Irish Times. 16 July 1957. p. 1. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  29. ↑ "Obituary: Dr. R. P. Farnan". The Irish Times. 8 January 1962. p. 7.
  30. ↑ "Obituary: Mr. Patrick J. Little". The Irish Times. 17 May 1963. p. 9.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Council of State". The Irish Times. 14 January 1964. p. 9. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  32. ↑ "Mr William Norton dies in Dublin". The Irish Times. 5 December 1963. p. 6.
  33. ↑ "Obituary: Mr Stephen M. O'Mara". The Irish Times. 11 November 1959. p. 7.
  34. ↑ "Appointed to Council of State". The Irish Times. 15 March 1960. p. 1.
  35. 1 2 "Bob Briscoe dies at 75". The Irish Times. 30 May 1969. p. 1.
  36. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Six new members appointed to Council of State". The Irish Times. 16 January 1967. p. 1.
  37. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1970 Dáil debates Vol.249 c.948
  38. 1 2 "Appointed to Council of State". The Irish Times. 12 April 1973. p. 1.
  39. ↑ "T.C.D. Provost joins Council of State". The Irish Times. 3 January 1973. p. 5. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "Siobhan McKenna named on Council of State". The Irish Times. 3 January 1975. p. 10. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  41. 1 2 "No Workers’ Republic! Reflections on Labour and Ireland 1913 – 1967. Barry Desmond". Dublin: Watchword Limited. Retrieved 12 November 2010. He was a member of the Council of State from 1973 to 1991
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 "No change in Council of State". The Irish Times. 25 March 1977. p. 9. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  43. ↑ "Bean Ui Dhalaigh honoured". The Irish Times. 30 June 1983. p. 1.
  44. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Council of State reappointed". The Irish Times. 17 December 1983. p. 10.
  45. ↑ "Council of State to meet on Justice Bill". The Irish Times. 5 December 1984. p. 9.
  46. 1 2 "Dukes named to Council of State". The Irish Times. 3 May 1988. p. 7. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  47. 1 2 Centre for Criminal Justice and Human Rights. "Speaker Biographies". 2008 Conference. University College Cork. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  48. ↑ "Hussey appointed to Council of State". The Irish Times. 9 September 1989. p. 1. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  49. ↑ Hussey, Gemma (1995). Ireland today. Dublin: Penguin. p. 12, fn. ISBN 978-0-14-015761-1. Retrieved 12 November 2010. The author served on the Council of State from 1989 to 1990.
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "President names seven to Council of State". The Irish Times. 17 December 1997. p. 13. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  51. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 McCarthy, Justine (30 October 1999). "Keeping her own Council". Irish Independent. p. 1. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  52. ↑ Department of Psychology. "Professor Ruth Curtis". NUIG. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  53. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 McKenna, Gene (23 November 2004). "Seven new members appointed to Council of State". Irish Independent. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
  54. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Council of State: Members". Office of the President. Retrieved 13 November 2010.
  55. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "President appoints seven to Council of State". RTÉ News and Current Affairs. 6 January 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2012.
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