List of quasiparticles
This is a list of quasiparticles.
Quasiparticles
Quasiparticle |
Signification |
Underlying particles |
Bipolaron |
A bound pair of two polarons |
polaron (electron, phonon) |
Configuron[1] |
An elementary configurational excitation in an amorphous material which involves breaking of a chemical bond |
|
Dropleton |
The first known quasiparticle that behaves like a liquid[2] |
|
Electron quasiparticle |
An electron as affected by the other forces and interactions in the solid |
electron |
Electron hole (hole) |
A lack of electron in a valence band |
electron, cation |
Exciton |
A bound state of an electron and a hole |
electron, hole |
Fracton |
A collective quantized vibration on a substrate with a fractal structure. |
|
Holon (chargon) |
A quasi-particle resulting from electron spin-charge separation |
|
Leviton |
A collective excitation of a single electron within a metal |
|
Magnon |
A coherent excitation of electron spins in a material |
|
Majorana fermion |
A quasiparticle equal to its own antiparticle, emerging as a midgap state in certain superconductors |
|
Orbiton[3] |
A quasiparticle resulting from electron spin-orbital separation |
|
Phason |
Vibrational modes in a quasicrystal associated with atomic rearrangements |
|
Phoniton |
A theoretical quasiparticle which is a hybridization of a localized, long-living phonon and a matter excitation[4] |
|
Phonon |
Vibrational modes in a crystal lattice associated with atomic shifts |
|
Plasmaron |
A quasiparticle emerging from the coupling between a plasmon and a hole |
|
Plasmon |
A coherent excitation of a plasma |
|
Polaron |
A moving charged quasiparticle that is surrounded by ions in a material |
electron, phonon |
Polariton |
A mixture of photon with other quasiparticles |
photon, optical phonon |
Roton |
Elementary excitation in superfluid helium-4 |
|
Soliton |
A self-reinforcing solitary excitation wave |
|
Spinon |
A quasiparticle produced as a result of electron spin-charge separation that can form both quantum spin liquid and strongly correlated quantum spin liquid[5] |
|
Trion |
A coherent excitation of three quasiparticles (two holes and one electron or two electrons and one hole) |
|
Wrinklon |
A localized excitation corresponding to wrinkles in a constrained two dimensional system[6][7] |
|
References
- ↑ Angell, C.A.; Rao, K.J. (1972). "Configurational excitations in condensed matter, and "bond lattice" model for the liquid-glass transition". J. Chem. Phys. 57: 470–481. doi:10.1063/1.1677987.
- ↑ Clara Moskowitz (26 February 2014). "Meet the Dropleton—a “Quantum Droplet” That Acts Like a Liquid". Scientific American. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
- ↑ J. Schlappa, K. Wohlfeld, K. J. Zhou, M. Mourigal, M. W. Haverkort, V. N. Strocov, L. Hozoi, C. Monney, S. Nishimoto, S. Singh, A. Revcolevschi, J.-S. Caux, L. Patthey, H. M. Rønnow, J. van den Brink, and T. Schmitt; (2012-04-18). "Spin–orbital separation in the quasi-one-dimensional Mott insulator Sr2CuO3". Nature 485 (7396): 82–5. arXiv:1205.1954. Bibcode:2012Natur.485...82S. doi:10.1038/nature10974. PMID 22522933.
- ↑ "Introducing the Phoniton: a tool for controlling sound at the quantum level". University of Maryland Department of Physics. Retrieved 26 Feb 2014.
- ↑ Amusia, M., Popov, K., Shaginyan, V., Stephanovich, V. (2014). "Theory of Heavy-Fermion Compounds - Theory of Strongly Correlated Fermi-Systems". Springer. ISBN 978-3-319-10825-4.
- ↑ Johnson, Hamish. "Introducing the 'wrinklon'". Physics World. Retrieved 26 Feb 2014.
- ↑ Meng, Lan; Su, Ying; Geng, Dechao; Yu, Gui; Liu, Yunqi; Dou, Rui-Fen; Nie, Jia-Cai; He, Lin (2013). "Hierarchy of graphene wrinkles induced by thermal strain engineering". Applied Physics Letters 103 (25): 251610. arXiv:1306.0171. Bibcode:2013ApPhL.103y1610M. doi:10.1063/1.4857115. Retrieved 22 March 2014.