List of state leaders in 1423

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1423.

Africa

• Ethiopian Empire – Yeshaq I (1414–1429)

The Americas

• Inca Empire – Viracocha (1410–1437)

Asia

• Kingdom of Bidar – Ahmad Shah I Wali (1422–1436)
• China (Ming dynasty) - Yongle Emperor (1402–1424)
• Kingdom of Chūzan - Shō Hashi (1422–1439)
• Japan (Muromachi period)
  • Monarch – Emperor Shōkō (1412–1428)
  • Ashikaga shogunate -
    1. Ashikaga Yoshimochi (1394–1423)
    2. Ashikaga Yoshikazu (1423–1425)
• Joseon (Korea) – Sejong the Great (1418–1450)
• Kingdom of Nanzan – Taromai (1415–1429)

Europe

• Kingdom of Aragon – Alfonso V (1416–1458)
• Duchy of Burgundy – Philip III, the Good (1419–1467)
• Byzantine Empire – Manuel II Palaiologos (1391–1425)
• Crown of Castile – John II (1406–1454)
• Kingdom of England (House of Lancaster) - Henry VI (1422–1461 and 1470–1471).
• Kingdom of France (House of Valois) - Charles VII (1422–1461)
• Germany (House of Luxembourg) - Sigismund, King of the Romans (1410–1437)
  • Bavaria-Straubing (Civil war)
    • in Mons: Jacqueline, duchess of Bavaria-Straubing and countess of Holland and County of Hainaut (House of Wittelsbach) (1417–1432)
    • in County of Holland, County of Zeeland and most of County of Hainaut: John, duke of Bavaria-Straubing and count of Holland and Hainaut (1417–1425)
  • Margraviate of Meissen (Wettin) - Wilhelm der Reiche (1381–1425) and Friedrich der Streitbare (1381–1428)
  • Landgraviate of Thuringia (Wettin) - Friedrich IV der Friedfertige (1406–1440)
• Grand Duchy of Lithuania – Vytautas the Great, Grand Duke of Lithuania (1392–1430)
• Kingdom of Naples – rival claimants:
  • Joanna II (1414–1435)
  • Louis III (1417–1426)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Murad II, Ottoman Sultan (1421–1451)
• Kingdom of Poland – Wladislaus II (1386–1434)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – John I (1385–1433)
• Kingdom of Scotland – James I (1406–1437)

Middle East and North Africa

• Aq Qoyunlu (White Sheep Turkomans) – Qara Osman (1403–1435)
• Kingdom of Cyprus – Janus (1398–1432)
• Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt – Barsbay (1422–1437)
• Empire of Trebizond – Alexios IV (1416–1429)