List of state leaders in 1601

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1601.

Africa

• Ethiopian Empire – Yaqob (1597–1603 and 1604–1606)

Asia

• China (Ming dynasty) - Wanli Emperor (1573–1620)
• Japan (Sengoku period)
  • Monarch – Emperor Go-Yōzei (1586–1611)
  • de facto - Tokugawa Ieyasu (1600–1603)
  • Daimyos
    • Yamagata Domain – Mogami Yoshiaki (1600–1614)
    • Yasaku Domain – Torii Tadamasa (1600–1602)
• Khanate of Khiva – Haji Muhammad I (1558–1602)
• Joseon (Korea) – Seonjo (1567–1608)
• Mughal Empire – Akbar (1556–1605)
• Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Nei (1587–1620)

Europe

• Kingdom of Denmark – Christian IV (1588–1648)
• Kingdom of England—Elizabeth I (1558–1603)
• Marquisate of Finale - Sforza Andrea del Carretto (1596-1602)
• Kingdom of France – Henry IV (1589–1610)
• Holy Roman Empire – Rudolf II (1576–1612)
  • Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen – John Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp (1596–1634)
  • Bishopric of Lübeck – John Adolf, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1586–1607)
• Moldavia – Ieremia Movilă, Voivode of Moldavia (August 1595 - May 1600 and September 1600–1606)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Mehmed III (1595–1603)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Sigismund III Vasa (1587–1632)
• Russia - Boris Godunov, Tsar of Russia (1598–1605)
• Kingdom of Scotland – James VI (1567–1625)
• Kingdom of Spain and Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – Philip III (1598–1621)
• Kingdom of Sweden – Charles IX, de facto (1599–1611)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Stadtholder - Maurice of Nassau, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Gelre, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zeeland (1585–1625)
  • Grand Pensionary of Holland - Johan van Oldenbarnevelt (1586–1619)
• Republic of Venice – Marino Grimani, Doge of Venice (1595–1606)

Middle East and North Africa

• Safavid Empire – Abbas I, Shah of Iran (1587–1629)