List of state leaders in 1650

This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 1650.

Africa

• Kingdom of Dahomey – Houegbadja (1645–1685)
• Ethiopian Empire – Fasilides (1632–1667)
• Emirate of Harar – `Ali ibn Da`ud (1647–1671)
• Kingdom of Kongo - Garcia II of Kongo (1641–1660)
• Sultanate of Morocco – Mohammed esh Sheikh es Seghir (1636–1655)

Asia

• China
  • Qing dynasty – Shunzhi Emperor (1644–1661)
  • Southern Ming –
    • Prince of Lu (1645–1653)
    • Prince of Gui (1646–1662)
• Dzungar Khanate - Erdeni Batur (1634-1653)
• Empire of Japan –
  • Monarch – Go-Kōmyō (1643–1654)
  • Tokugawa shogunate – Tokugawa Iemitsu (1623–1651)
  • Ryukyu Kingdom – Shō Shitsu (1648–1668)
• Joseon (Korea) – Hyojong (1649–1659)
• Mughal Empire – Shah Jahan (1627–1658)
• Sirmoor State – Mandhata Prakash, Raja of Sirmoor (1630–1654)

Europe

• Kingdom of Denmark–Norway – Frederick III (1648–1670)
• Kingdom of England – Oliver Cromwell - Lord Protector (1649–1658), - Rump Parliament (1649–1653)
• Kingdom of France
  • Monarch – Louis XIV (1643–1715)
  • Regent – Anne of Austria (1643–1651)
• Holy Roman Empire – Ferdinand III (1637–1657)
  • Electorate of Bavaria – Maximilian I (1597–1651)
  • Brandenburg-Prussia – Frederick William (1640–1688)
  • Brunswick-Celle – Christian Louis, Duke of Brunswick-Celle (1648–1665)
  • Brunswick-Kalenberg – George William, Duke of Brunswick-Kalenberg (1648–1665)
  • Duchy of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel – Augustus (1635–1666)
  • Electorate of Cologne –
    1. Ferdinand (1612–1650)
    2. Maximilian Henry (1650–1688)
  • Electorate of Mainz – Johann Philipp (1647–1673)
  • Electorate of Trier – Philipp Christoph (1623–1652)
  • Electorate of the Palatinate – Charles I Louis (1648–1680)
  • Electorate of Saxony – John George I (1611–1656)
  • Stolberg-Wernigerode - Henry Ernest, Count of Stolberg (1645-1672)
• Kingdom of Hungary – Ferdinand III (1637–1657)
• Duchy of Mantua – Charles II (1637–1665)
• Duchy of Modena – Francesco I (1629–1658)
• Kingdom of Naples – Philip IV (1621–1665)
• Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – Mehmed IV, the Hunter, Ottoman Sultan (1648–1687)
• Papal States – Pope Innocent X (1644–1655)
• Duchy of Parma – Ranuccio II Farnese (1646–1694)
• Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth – Jan II Kazimierz Vasa (1648–1668)
• Kingdom of Portugal and the Algarves – John IV (1640–1656)
• Duchy of Prussia – Frederick William (1640–1688)
• Russia - Alexis, Tsar of Russia (1645–1676)
• Duchy of Savoy – Charles Emmanuel II (1638–1675)
• Kingdom of Scotland – Charles II (1649–1651)
• Kingdom of Spain – Philip IV (1621–1665)
• Kingdom of Sweden – Christina (1632–1654)
• Principality of Transylvania – George II Rákóczi (1648–1657)
• Grand Duchy of Tuscany – Ferdinando II de' Medici (1621–1670)
• United Provinces
  • Estates of Friesland, Groningen, Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1581–1795)
  • Stadtholder - William II, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of Guelders, Holland, Overijssel, Utrecht, Zeeland (1647–1650)
  • Grand Pensionary of Holland - Jacob Cats (1629–1631, 1636–1651)
• Republic of Venice - Francesco Molin, Doge of Venice (1646–1655)

Middle East

• Baban – Faqi Ahmad (1649–1670)
• Sultanate of Oman – Sultan I bin Saif (1649–1688)
• Mecca – Zeid bin Muhsin, Sharif of Mecca (1631–1666)
• Persia – Abbas II, Shah of Persia (1642–1666)
• Yemen – Al-Mutawakkil Isma'il, Imam of Yemen (1644–1676)