List of state leaders in 238 BC
| See also |
|---|
This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 238 BC.
The column "Title" refers to being of the state in question (e.g. "Emperor" under the heading "Japan" means "Emperor of Japan") unless otherwise stated.
Africa
Egypt
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ptolemy III Euergetes | Pharaoh | Ptolemaic dynasty | 246 BC | 222 BC | |
| Sovereign | Berenice II | Pharaoh | Ptolemaic dynasty | 244 BC or 243 BC | 222 BC |
Eastern Numidia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Gala | King | — | 275 BC | 207 BC |
Middle East and Asia Minor
Armenia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Arsames I | King | Orontid dynasty | 243 BC | 228 BC |
Bithynia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ziaelas | King | — | 254 BC | 228 BC |
Cappadocia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ariamnes | King | Ariarathid | 280 BC | 230 BC | |
| Sovereign | Ariarathes III | King | Ariarathid | 255 BC | 220 BC |
Caucasian Iberia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Pharnavaz I | King | Pharnabazid dynasty | 302 BC | 237 BC |
Cimmerian Bosporus
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Leukon II | King | Spartocids | 240 BC | 220 BC |
Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Diodotus II | King | House of Diodotus | 240 BC | 230 BC |
Parthian Empire
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Arsaces I | King | Arsacid dynasty | 247 BC | 211 BC |
Pergamon
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Attalus I | King | — | 241 BC | 197 BC |
Pontus
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Mithridates II | King | — | 250 BC | 220 BC |
Seleucid Empire
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Seleucus II Callinicus | King | Seleucid dynasty | 246 BC | 225 BC |
Asia
Anuradhapura (Sri Lanka)
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Suratissa | King | Vijaya | 247 BC | 237 BC |
Arakan (Burma)
Mythological monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Tha Bin U | King | Second Danyawaddy | 249 BC | 207 BC |
Buyeo (Korea)
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Hae Mo-su | King | — | 239 BC | 195 BC |
China
Vassal states
- Note: Only vassal states where the rulers and their reigning years are known are listed here.
| State | Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chu | Sovereign | Kaolie | King | Mi | 262 BC | 238 BC | [1] |
| Han | Sovereign | Fei | King | — | 238 BC | 230 BC | [2] |
| Qi | Sovereign | Jian | King | Tian | 264 BC | 221 BC | [3] |
| Qin | Sovereign | Shi Huang | King | Ying | 246 BC | 221 BC | [4] |
| Wei | Sovereign | Jingmin | King | — | 243 BC | 228 BC | [5] |
| Wey | Sovereign | Yuan Jun | Marquis | — | 252 BC | 230 BC | [6] |
| Yan | Sovereign | Xi | King | — | 254 BC | 222 BC | [7] |
| Zhao | Sovereign | Daoxiang | King | — | 244 BC | 236 BC | [8] |
Gojoseon (Korea)
Legendary monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Jangpyeong | King | — | 251 BC | 232 BC |
Japan
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Kōrei | Emperor | — | 290 BC | 8 February 215 BC |
Maurya Empire (India)
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ashoka | Emperor | Maurya dynasty | 274 BC | 232 BC |
Europe
Athens
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Lysias | Archon | — | 239 BC | 238 BC | |
| Sovereign | Pheidostratus | Archon | — | 238 BC | 237 BC |
Epirus
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Pyrrhus II | King | — | 255 BC | 237 BC |
Ireland
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Rudraige mac Sithrigi | High King | Milesians | 289 BC | 219 BC |
Macedonia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Demetrius II Aetolicus | King | Antigonid dynasty | 239 BC | 229 BC |
Odrysian Thrace
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Rhescuporis I | King | — | 240 BC | 215 BC |
Paeonia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Dropion | King | — | 250 BC | 230 BC |
Roman Republic
| Type | Name | Title | Political group | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus | Consul | — | 238 BC | ||
| Sovereign | P. Valerius Falto | Consul | — | 238 BC | ||
Sparta
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Eudamidas III | King | Eurypontid | 241 BC | 228 BC | |
| Sovereign | Leonidas II | King | Agiad | 241 BC | 235 BC |
Syracuse
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Hiero II | Tyrant | — | 275 BC | 215 BC | |
| Sovereign | Gelo | Tyrant | — | 240 BC | 216 BC |
References
- ↑ Rulers of Chǔ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Hán at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qí at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qín at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wèi at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wèi at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Yān at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Zhào at the Chinese Text Project
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