List of state leaders in 344 BC
| See also |
|---|
This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 344 BC.
The column "Title" refers to being of the state in question (e.g. "Emperor" under the heading "Japan" means "Emperor of Japan") unless otherwise stated.
Africa
Carthage
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Mago III | King | Magonids | 375 BC | 344 BC | |
| Sovereign | Hanno III | King | Magonids | 344 BC | 340 BC |
Egypt
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Nectanebo II | Pharaoh | Thirtieth dynasty | 360 BC | 343 BC |
Kush
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Akhraten | King | — | 350 BC | 335 BC |
Eastern Numidia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Zelalsen | King | — | 344 BC | 274 BC |
Middle East and Asia Minor
Armenia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Orontes I | Satrap | — | 401 BC | 344 BC |
Bithynia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Bas | Dynast | — | 376 BC | 326 BC |
Cappadocia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ariarathes I | Satrap | Datamid | 350 BC | 331 BC |
Cimmerian Bosporus
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Spartacus II | King | Spartocids | 349 BC | 344 BC | |
| Sovereign | Pairisades I | King | Spartocids | 349 BC | 311 BC |
Persia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Artaxerxes III | King | Achaemenid dynasty | 358 BC | 338 BC |
At this time, the Persian rulers were also rulers of the following conquered countries:
Asia
Anuradhapura Kingdom
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Mutasiva | King | Vijaya | 367 BC | 307 BC |
Arakan (Burma)
Mythological monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Thiri Gun | King | Second Danyawaddy | 368 BC | 344 BC | |
| Sovereign | Thamaza | King | Second Danyawaddy | 344 BC | 309 BC |
Zhou Kingdom
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Xian | King | Zhou dynasty | 368 BC | 321 BC | [1] |
Vassal states
- Note: Only vassal states where the rulers and their reigning years are known are listed here.
| State | Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chu | Sovereign | Xuan | King | Mi | 369 BC | 340 BC | [2] |
| Han | Sovereign | Zhao Li | Marquis | — | 362 BC | 333 BC | [3] |
| Lu | Sovereign | Kang | Duke | Ji | 352 BC | 344 BC | [4] |
| Qi | Sovereign | Wei | King | Tian | 356 BC | 320 BC | [5] |
| Qin | Sovereign | Xiao | Duke | Ying | 361 BC | 338 BC | [6] |
| Song | Sovereign | Ti Cheng Jun | Duke | — | 355 BC | 329 BC | [7] |
| Wei | Sovereign | Hui | King | — | 369 BC | 319 BC | [8] |
| Wey | Sovereign | Cheng | Marquis | — | 371 BC | 343 BC | [9] |
| Yan | Sovereign | Wen II | Duke | — | 361 BC | 333 BC | [10] |
| Yue | Sovereign | Wu Qiang | King | — | 355 BC | 334 BC | [11] |
| Zhao | Sovereign | Su | Marquis | — | 349 BC | 326 BC | [12] |
Gojoseon Kingdom
Legendary monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Gyeongsun | King | — | 361 BC | 342 BC |
Nanda Empire
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Mahapadma Nanda | Emperor | Nanda Dynasty | 345 BC | 329 BC |
Japan
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Kōan | Emperor | — | 392 BC | 9 January 291 BC |
Europe
Athens
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ebulus | Archon | — | 345 BC | 344 BC | |
| Sovereign | Lyciscus | Archon | — | 344 BC | 343 BC |
Epirus
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Arybbas | King | — | 373 BC | 343 BC |
Ireland
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Óengus Tuirmech Temrach | High King | Milesians | 385 BC | 326 BC |
Macedonia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Philip II | King | Argead dynasty | 359 BC | October 336 BC |
Odrysian Thrace
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Cersobleptes | King of Eastern Thrace | — | 359 BC | 341 BC | |
| Sovereign | Teres II | King of Middle Thrace | — | 351 BC | 342 BC |
Paeonia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Lycceius | King | — | 356 BC | 340 BC |
Roman Republic
| Type | Name | Title | Political group | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Gaius Marcius Rutilus | Consul | — | 344 BC | ||
| Sovereign | Titus Manlius Torquatus | Consul | — | 344 BC | ||
Sparta
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Cleomenes II | King | Agiad | 369 BC | 309 BC | |
| Sovereign | Archidamus III | King | Eurypontid | 360 BC | 338 BC |
Syracuse
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Dionysius II | Tyrant | — | 346 BC | 344 BC | |
| Sovereign | Timoleon | Tyrant | — | 345 BC | 337 BC |
References
- ↑ Rulers of Zhōu at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Chǔ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Hán at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Lǔ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qí at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qín at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Sòng at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wèi at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wèi at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Yān at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Yuè at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Zhào at the Chinese Text Project
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