List of state leaders in 431 BC
| See also |
|---|
This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 431 BC.
The column "Title" refers to being of the state in question (e.g. "Emperor" under the heading "Japan" means "Emperor of Japan") unless otherwise stated.
Africa
Carthage
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Hannibal Mago | King | Magonids | 440 BC | 406 BC |
Kush
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Talakhamani | King | — | 435 BC | 431 BC | |
| Sovereign | Amanineteyerike | King | — | 431 BC | 405 BC |
Middle East and Asia Minor
Armenia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ardashir Orontid | King | Orontid dynasty | Second half of the 5th century BC | ||
Cimmerian Bosporus
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Satyrus | King | Spartocids | 433 BC | 389 BC |
Persia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Artaxerxes I | King | Achaemenid dynasty | 465 BC | 424 BC |
At this time, the Persian rulers were also rulers of the following conquered countries:
Asia
Arakan (Burma)
Mythological monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Nela Gun | King | Second Danyawaddy | 440 BC | 399 BC |
China
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Kao | King | Zhou dynasty | 440 BC | 426 BC | [1] |
Vassal states
- Note: Only vassal states where the rulers and their reigning years are known are listed here.
| State | Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chu | Sovereign | Jian | King | Mi | 431 BC | 408 BC | [2] |
| Jin | Sovereign | You | Duke | Ji | 433 BC | 416 BC | [3] |
| Lu | Sovereign | Yuan | Duke | Ji | 436 BC | 416 BC | [4] |
| Qi | Sovereign | Xuan | Duke | Jiang | 455 BC | 405 BC | [5] |
| Qin | Sovereign | Zao | Duke | Ying | 442 BC | 429 BC | [6] |
| Song | Sovereign | Zhao II | Duke | — | 468 BC | 404 BC | [7] |
| Wei | Sovereign | Wen | Marquis | — | 445 BC | 396 BC | [8] |
| Wey | Sovereign | Zhao | Duke | — | 431 BC | 426 BC | [9] |
| Yan | Sovereign | Min | Duke | — | 438 BC | 415 BC | [10] |
| Yue | Sovereign | Weng | King | — | 449 BC | 412 BC | [11] |
| Zheng | Sovereign | Gong | Duke | — | 455 BC | 424 BC | [12] |
Gojoseon (Korea)
Legendary monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Doguk | King | — | 432 BC | 413 BC |
Japan
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Kōshō | Emperor | — | 475 BC | 5 August 393 BC |
Upatissa Nuwara (Sri Lanka)
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Pandukabhaya | King | Vijaya | 437 BC | 377 BC |
Europe
Athens
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Pythodorus | Archon | — | 432 BC | 431 BC | |
| Sovereign | Euthydemus | Archon | — | 431 BC | 430 BC |
Epirus
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Admetus | King | — | 470 BC | 430 BC |
Ireland
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ailill Caisfiaclach | High King | Milesians | 443 BC | 418 BC |
Macedonia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Perdiccas II | King | Argead dynasty | 448 BC | 413 BC |
Odrysian Thrace
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Sparatocos | King | — | 450 BC | 431 BC | |
| Sovereign | Sitalces | King | — | 431 BC | 424 BC |
Roman Republic
| Type | Name | Title | Political group | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | T. Quinctius Pennus Cincinnatus | Consul | — | 431 BC | ||
| Sovereign | C. Iulius Mento | Consul | — | 431 BC | ||
Sparta
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Archidamus II | King | Eurypontid | 469 BC | 427 BC | |
| Sovereign | Pleistoanax | King | Agiad | 458 BC | 409 BC |
References
- ↑ Rulers of Zhōu at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Chǔ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Jìn at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Lǔ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qí at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qín at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Sòng at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wèi at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wèi at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Yān at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Yuè at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Zhèng at the Chinese Text Project
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