List of state leaders in 499 BC
| See also |
|---|
This is a list of heads of state, government leaders, and other rulers in the year 499 BC.
The column "Title" refers to being of the state in question (e.g. "Emperor" under the heading "Japan" means "Emperor of Japan") unless otherwise stated.
Africa
Carthage
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Hamilcar I | King | Magonids | 510 BC | 480 BC |
Cyrene
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Battus IV | King | Battiad dynasty | 515 BC | 465 BC |
Kush
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Amaniastabarqa | King | — | 510 BC | 487 BC |
Middle East and Asia Minor
Armenia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Hidarnes II | King | Orontid dynasty | Beginning of the 5th century BC | ||
Persia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Darius I | King | Achaemenid dynasty | 522 BC | October 486 BC |
At this time, the Persian rulers were also rulers of the following conquered countries:
Asia
Arakan (Burma)
Mythological monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Thiha Ran | King | Second Danyawaddy | 537 BC | 491 BC |
China
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Jing | King | Zhou dynasty | 519 BC | 476 BC | [1] |
Vassal states
- Note: Only vassal states where the rulers and their reigning years are known are listed here.
| State | Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cai | Sovereign | Zhao | Marquis | Ji | 518 BC | 491 BC | [2] |
| Cao | Sovereign | Cao Bo Yang | Duke | — | 501 BC | 487 BC | [3] |
| Chen | Sovereign | Min | Duke | — | 501 BC | 478 BC | [4] |
| Chu | Sovereign | Zhao | King | Mi | 515 BC | 489 BC | [5] |
| Jin | Sovereign | Ding | Duke | Ji | 511 BC | 475 BC | [6] |
| Lu | Sovereign | Ding | Duke | Ji | 509 BC | 495 BC | [7] |
| Qi | Sovereign | Jing | Duke | Jiang | 547 BC | 490 BC | [8] |
| Qi (Henan) | Sovereign | Li | Duke | — | 505 BC | 487 BC | [9] |
| Qin | Sovereign | Hui I | Duke | Ying | 500 BC | 491 BC | [10] |
| Song | Sovereign | Jing | Duke | — | 516 BC | 469 BC | [11] |
| Teng | Sovereign | Qing | Duke | — | 512 BC | 491 BC | [12] |
| Wey | Sovereign | Ling | Duke | — | 534 BC | 493 BC | [13] |
| Wu | Sovereign | Helü | King | Zhou | 514 BC | 496 BC | [14] |
| Yan | Sovereign | Jian I | Duke | — | 504 BC | 493 BC | [15] |
| Yue | Sovereign | Yun Chang | Marquis | — | 538 BC | 496 BC | [16] |
| Zheng | Sovereign | Sheng | Duke | — | 500 BC | 463 BC | [17] |
Gojoseon (Korea)
Legendary monarchs
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Ilmin | King | — | 503 BC | 486 BC |
Japan
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Itoku | Emperor | — | 510 BC | 8 September 476 BC |
Magadha Empire (India)
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Bimbisara | Emperor | Haryanka dynasty | 543 BC | 491 BC |
Upatissa Nuwara (Sri Lanka)
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Panduvasdeva | King | Vijaya | 504 BC | 474 BC |
Europe
Athens
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Smyrus | Archon | — | 500 BC | 499 BC | |
| Sovereign | Lacratides | Archon | — | 499 BC | 498 BC |
Ireland
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Mug Corb | High King | Milesians | 506 BC | 499 BC | |
| Sovereign | Óengus Ollom | High King | Milesians | 499 BC | 481 BC |
Macedonia
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Amyntas I | King | Argead dynasty | 547 BC | 498 BC |
Roman Republic
| Type | Name | Title | Political group | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Titus Aebutius Elva | Consul | — | 499 BC | ||
| Sovereign | P. (or C.) Veturius Geminus Cicurinus | Consul | — | 499 BC | ||
Sparta
| Type | Name | Title | Royal house | From | To | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sovereign | Cleomenes I | King | Agiad | 520 BC | 490 BC | |
| Sovereign | Demaratus | King | Eurypontid | 515 BC | 491 BC |
References
- ↑ Rulers of Zhōu at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Cài at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Cáo at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Chén at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Chǔ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Jìn at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Lǔ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qí at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qǐ at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Qín at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Sòng at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Téng at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wèi at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Wú at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Yān at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Yuè at the Chinese Text Project
- ↑ Rulers of Zhèng at the Chinese Text Project
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