List of rulers of Milan

The following is a list of rulers of the Duchy of Milan from the 13th century to 1859, when Milan and the rest of Lombardy were incorporated into the Kingdom of Sardinia after the Second Italian War of Independence.

Name Began Reign Ended Reign Notes
Lords of Milan, houses of della Torre (also known as Torriani) and Visconti
Pagano I della Torre 12401247
Pagano II della Torre 12471257
Manfredi Lancia 12531256
Martino della Torre 12571259
Oberto Pallavicino 12591264
Filippo della Torre 12631265
Napoleone della Torre 12651277
Ottone Visconti, Archbishop of Milan 12771294
Matteo I Visconti 12941302 grand-nephew of Ottone
Guido della Torre 13021311
Matteo I Visconti 13111322 restored
Galeazzo I Visconti 13221327 son of Matteo
Azzone Visconti 13271339 son of Galeazzo I
Luchino Visconti 13391349 brother of Galeazzo I and uncle of Azzone
Giovanni Visconti 13491354 brother of Galeazzo I and Luchino
Bernabò Visconti 13541385 nephew of Galeazzo I, Luchino and Giovanni, son of Stefano
Galeazzo II Visconti 13541378 nephew of Galeazzo I, Luchino and Giovanni, son of Stefano
Matteo II Visconti 13541355 nephew of Galeazzo I, Luchino and Giovanni, son of Stefano
Gian Galeazzo I Visconti 4 August 13781 May 1395 son of Galeazzo II
Dukes of Milan, rulers of the Duchy of Milan
Gian Galeazzo I Visconti 1 May 13953 September 1402
Gian Maria Visconti 3 September 140216 May 1412 son of Gian Galeazzo; assassinated
Filippo I Maria Visconti 12 June 141213 August 1447 brother of Gian Maria
Ambrosian Republic
14 August 1447 – 25 March 1450
Francesco I Sforza 25 March 14508 March 1466 married a daughter of Filippo Maria
Galeazzo III Maria Sforza 20 March 146626 December 1476 son of Francesco
Gian Galeazzo II Sforza 26 December 147622 October 1494 son of Galeazzo Maria
Ludovico Sforza 22 October 14942 September 1499 son of Francesco
Louis XII of France 6 September 14995 February 1500 grandson of Valentina, daughter of Gian Galeazzo Visconti
Ludovico Sforza 3 February 150010 April 1500 (restored)
Louis XII of France 17 April 150016 June 1512 restored
Massimiliano Sforza 16 June 15128 October 1515 son of Lodovico
Francis I of France 11 October 151519 November 1521 son-in-law and cousin of Louis XII of France
Francesco II Sforza 19 November 15213 October 1524 son of Lodovico, brother of Massimiliano
Francis I of France 23 October 152424 February 1525 restored
Francesco II Sforza 26 February 15251 November 1535 restored
Spanish Rule 1540–1706
Philip II of Spain 11 October 154013 September 1598 After the death of Francesco II, claimed by emperor Charles V as an imperial fief for his son.
Philip III of Spain 13 September 159831 March 1621 son of Philip II
Philip IV of Spain 31 March 162117 September 1665 son of Philip III
Charles II of Spain 17 September 16651 November 1700 son of Philip IV
Philip V of Spain 1 November 170024 September 1706 great-grandson of Philip IV
Austrian Rule 1706–1800
Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor 12 January 170720 October 1740 great-grandson of Philip III
Maria Theresa 20 October 174029 November 1780 daughter of Charles VI
Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor 29 November 178020 February 1790 son of Maria Theresa
Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor 20 February 17901 March 1792 brother of Joseph II
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor 1 March 17929 May 1796 son of Leopold II
Transpadane Republic
15 November 1796 – 29 June 1797
Cisalpine Republic
29 June 1797 – 29 April 1799
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor 29 April 179929 April 1800 (restored)
Cisalpine Republic (restored)
29 April 1800 – 26 January 1802
President of the Italian Republic (Italian: Repubblica Italiana)
Napoleon Bonaparte 26 January 180218 March 1805
King of Italy (Italian: Regno d'Italia)
Napoleon I 18 March 180528 April 1814
Eugène de Beauharnais 18 March 180528 April 1814 Viceroy for Napoleon I
Kings of Lombardy-Venetia (Italian: Regno Lombardo–Veneto)
Franz I of Austria 7 April 18152 March 1835 previously Duke of Milan
Archduke Anton Victor of Austria 7 March 1816January 1818 Viceroy for Franz I
Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria January 18182 March 1835 Viceroy for Franz I
Ferdinand I of Austria 2 March 18352 December 1848 son of Franz I
Archduke Rainer Joseph of Austria 2 March 1835May 1848 Viceroy for Ferdinand I
Count Joseph Radetzky von Radetz 6 August 18482 December 1848 Viceroy for Ferdinand I
Franz Joseph of Austria 2 December 184810 November 1859 nephew of Ferdinand I
Count Joseph Radetzky von Radetz 2 December 18486 September 1857 Viceroy for Franz Joseph
Archduke Maximilian of Austria 6 September 185720 April 1859 Viceroy for Franz Joseph
Count Ferencz Gyulai 20 April 18598 June 1859 Viceroy for Franz Joseph
Heinrich Hermann Josef Freiherr von Heß 8 June 18591 August 1859 acting viceroy for Franz Joseph

See also

Bibliography

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