Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer

Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer
Ludwig Pfeiffer in 1856
Born	4 July 1805 Kassel, Electorate of Hesse
Died	2 October 1877 (aged 72) Kassel, Hesse-Nassau
Nationality	German
Fields	Botany Conchology Medicine

Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, also known as Louis Pfeiffer (4 July 1805 – 2 October 1877),^[1] was a German physician, botanist and conchologist.

Biography

He received his education in Kassel, and became professor of pathology there in 1828. He served as surgeon-major in Kracow during the Polish rebellion of 1831, traveled afterward through Europe for the interest of science, and was given in 1839 by the Bavarian government a mission to study the natural history of the West Indies. He remained for more than two years in Cuba, then visited most of the West Indian islands. On his return to Europe, he published Monographia Heliceorum viventium (4 vols., Leipzig, 1847–48; supplement, 1853); Symbola ad historiam heliceorum (3 vols., Cassel, 1851–56); and other works.^[2]

Marine life named by Pfeiffer

He named more than 20 new genera and species, some of which have become synonyms:^[4]

• Buccinum pusillum Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Astyris lunata (Say, 1826)
• Cerithium martinianum Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Rhinoclavis (Rhinoclavis) fasciata (Bruguière, 1792)
• Cerithium pallidum Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Bittiolum varium (Pfeiffer, 1840)
• Cerithium varium Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Bittiolum varium (Pfeiffer, 1840)
• Glugea cladocera Pfeiffer
• Marginella pellucida Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Prunum pellucidum (Pfeiffer, 1840)
• Melampus cristatus Pfeiffer, 1854
• Melampus floridanus Pfeiffer, 1856
• Murex martinianus Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Pterynotus alatus (Röding, 1798)
• Natica livida Pfeiffer, 1840
• Nucula hartvigiana Pfeiffer in Dohrn, 1864
• Omphalotropis Pfeiffer, 1851
• Omphalotropis guamensis Pfeiffer, 1857
• Omphalotropis plicosa Pfeiffer, 1852
• Paludinella Pfeiffer, 1841
• Physella Pfeiffer, 1861
• Sculptaria Pfeiffer, 1855
• Sunetta (Sunettina) Pfeiffer, 1869
• Sunettina Pfeiffer, 1869
• Terebra maculosa Pfeiffer, 1840 is a synonym of Acus maculatus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Truncatella californica Pfeiffer, 1857
• Truncatella ceylanica Pfeiffer, 1857
• Truncatella pulchella Pfeiffer, 1839
• Venus puella Pfeiffer in Philippi, 1846 is a synonym of Anomalocardia puella (Pfeiffer in Philippi, 1846)

Marine life named after Pfeiffer

Nassarius pfeifferi, a nassa mud snail named in honor of Pfeiffer

In the course of time, 24 marine species have been named after Pfeiffer with the epithets pfeifferi, pfeifferae, pfeifferianus and pfeifferianum, many of which have become synonyms:^[5]

• Asperiscala pfeifferi (de Boury, 1913) is a synonym of Epitonium candeanum (d’Orbigny, 1842)
• Astarte pfeifferi Philippi, 1849 is a synonym of Crassinella lunulata (Conrad, 1834)
• Azorica pfeifferae Carter, 1876 is a synonym of Leiodermatium pfeifferae (Carter, 1876)
• Cerithium (Proclava) pfeifferi (Dunker, 1882) is a synonym of Rhinoclavis (Proclava) sordidula (Gould, 1849)
• Clava pfeifferi (Dunker, 1882) is a synonym of Rhinoclavis (Proclava) sordidula (Gould, 1849)
• Clava turritum var. pfeifferi (Dunker, 1882) is a synonym of Rhinoclavis (Proclava) sordidula (Gould, 1849)
• Cymatium pfeifferianum (Reeve, 1844)
• Engraulis pfeifferi Bleeker, 1852 is a synonym of Setipinna breviceps (Cantor, 1849)
• Eutritonium pfeifferianum Reeve is a synonym of Cymatium pfeifferianum (Reeve, 1844)
• Fusus pfeifferi Philippi, 1846 is a synonym of Pseudolatirus pfeifferi (Philippi, 1846)
• Gibberula pfeifferi Faber, 2004
• Laimodonta pfeifferi Dunker in Pfeiffer, 1860 is a synonym of Allochroa layardi (H. Adams & A. Adams, 1855)
• Leiodermatium pfeifferae (Carter, 1876)
• Nassarius pfeifferi (Philippi, 1844)
• Polynemus pfeifferi Bleeker, 1853 is a synonym of Filimanus xanthonema (Valenciennes, 1831)
• Pseudolatirus pfeifferi (Philippi, 1846)
• Reticutriton pfeifferianus (Reeve, 1844)
• Sargassum obovatum var. pfeifferae (Grunow) Grunow, 1915
• Sargassum pfeifferae Grunow, 1874 is a synonym of Sargassum obovatum var. pfeifferae (Grunow) Grunow, 1915
• Sodaliscala pfeifferi de Boury, 1913 is a synonym of Epitonium candeanum (d’Orbigny, 1842)
• Solen pfeifferi Dunker, 1862
• Tichogonia pfeifferi Dunker, 1853 is a synonym of Mytilopsis sallei (Récluz, 1849)
• Triton pfeifferianus Reeve, 1844 is a synonym of Reticutriton pfeifferianus (Reeve, 1844)
• Vertagus pfeifferi Dunker, 1882 is a synonym of Rhinoclavis (Proclava) sordidula (Gould, 1849)

Bibliography

Partial list of publications:

• 1821 - Naturgeschichte deutscher Land- und Süsswasser-Mollusken. Erste Abtheilung. - pp. I-X [= 1-10], 1-134, [1-2]. Weimar. (Landes-Industrie-Comptoir).
• 1837 - Beschreibung und Synonymik der in deutschen Gärten lebend vorkommenden Cacteen... (L. Öhmigke, Berlin, 1837).
• 1841-1846 - Symbolae ad historiam Heliceorum (T. Fischeri, Cassel, 1841–1846).
• 1846 - Die Gattungen Daudebardia, Simpulopsis, Vitrina und Succinea (Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1846). In: Küster H. C. et al. (eds.). Systematisches Conchylien Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz, J. H. Casselis, 1(part. 11): 1-59, pls. 1-6.
• 1846 - Die gedeckelten Lungenschnecken (helicinacea et cyclostomacea) in Abbildungen nach der Natur. (deux volumes, Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1846).
  • volume 1
  • 1846 volume 2.
• Die Schnirkelschnecken (Gattung Helix) in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen (deux parties en un volume, Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1846) — ces trois derniers volumes font partis de Neues systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet de Friedrich Wilhelm Martini (1729-1778) et de Johann Hieronymus Chemnitz (1730-1800).
• 1847 - Flora von Niederhessen und Münden. Beschreibung aller im Gebiete wildwachsenden und im grossen angebauten Pflanzen. (T. Fischer, Cassel, 1847).
• 1848-1877 - Monographia heliceorum viventium, sistens descriptiones... omnium huius familiae generum et specierum... (huit volumes, F.A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1848 à 1877).
• 1854-1879 - Novitates conchologicae. Series I-V. Mollusca extramarina (cinq volumes, T. Fischer, Cassel, de 1854 à 1879).
  • 1854-1860. volume I.
  • 1861-1866. volume II.
  • 1867-1869. volume III.
  • 1870-1876. volume IV.
  • 1877-1879. volume V.
• 1852 - Conspectus Cyclostomaceorum emendatus et auctus. Pneumonopomorum monographiae prodromus.
• 1855 - Catalogue of phanero-pneumona or terrestrial operculated mollusca in the collection of the British Museum (Woodfall et Kinder, Londres, 1855).
• 1855 - Catalogue of Pulmonata or air-breathing Mollusca, in the collection of the British Museum. part I.
• 1856 - Monographia auriculaceorum viventium. Sistens descriptiones systematicas et criticas omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum, nec non fossilium enumeratione. Accedente proserpinaceorum necnon generis Truncatellae historia. (T. Fischer, Cassel, 1856).
• 1857 - Catalogue of Auriculidae. Proserpinidae and Truncatellidae in the collection of the British Museum (Taylor et Francis, 1857). Link
• 1858, 1865, 1876 - Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium.
  • 1852. Monographia pneumonopomorum viventium ... accedente fossilium enumeratione (1852) (copy 2)
  • 1858. supplement 1.
  • 1865. supplement 2.
  • 1876. supplement 3.
• 1862 - Die Gattung Cylindrella Pfr. in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen. Link
• 1869 - Die Familie der Venusmuscheln, Veneracea, nebst einen Anhange enthaltend die Chemnitz'schen Lucinen, Galaten und Corbis (Bauer et Raspe, Nuremberg, 1869) — édité dans la série Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz.
• Synonymia botanica locupletissima generum, sectionum vel subgenerum ad finem anni 1858 promulgatorum (deux volumes, T. Fischer, Cassel, 1870–1874).
• 1873-1874 - Nomenclator botanicus. Nominum ad finem anni 1858 publici juris factorum, classes, ordines, tribus, familias, divisiones, genera, subgenera vel sectiones designantium enumeratio alphabetica. Adjectis auctoribus, temporibus, locis systematicis apud varios, notis literariis atque etymologicis et synonymis (deux tomes en quatre volumes, T. Fischer, Cassel, 1873–1874).
  • 1873 volume 1
• 1881 - Nomenclator heliceorum viventium quo continentur nomina omnium hujus familiae generum et specierum hodie cognitarum disposita ex affinitate naturali (édition posthume, T. Fischer, Cassel, 1881).

References

1. Coan E. V., Kabat A. R. & Petit R. E. (15 February 2009). 2,400 years of malacology, 6th ed., 830 pp. & 32 pp. [Annex of Collations]. American Malacological Society
2.  Wilson, James Grant; Fiske, John, eds. (1892). "Pfeiffer, Ludwig Georg". Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: D. Appleton.
3. "Author Query for 'Pfeiff.'". International Plant Names Index.
4. World Register of Marine Species : species named by Pfeiffer; accessed : 14 February 2011
5. World Register of Marine Species : species named after Pfeiffer; accessed : 14 February 2011

External links

• Amédée Dechambre (1887). Dictionnaire encyclopédique des sciences médicales. G. Masson (Paris).
• Works by or about Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer at Internet Archive
• Zoologica Göttingen State and University Library