Luther Campbell

"Luke Skyywalker" redirects here. For the Star Wars character, see Luke Skywalker.
Luther Campbell
Background information
Birth name Luther Roderick Campbell
Also known as Luke Skyywalker, Solo Luke, Uncle Luke, Luke
Born (1960-12-22) December 22, 1960
Miami, Florida United States
Genres Hip hop, Miami bass
Occupation(s) Vocalist, concert promoter, actor
Instruments Vocals
Rapping
Years active 1985–2006 (as rapper)
presently promoter
Labels Luke Records
Atlantic Records
Loud Records
Island Records
Koch Records
Virgin Records
Associated acts 2 Live Crew, Fresh Kid Ice, Mr. Mixx, Brother Marquis, Verb, Professor Griff, Mike Fresh, DJ Slice, DJ Spin Felix Sama, DJ Laz

Luther Roderick Campbell (born December 22, 1960), also known as Luke Skyywalker, Solo Luke, Uncle Luke, or Luke, is an American record label owner, rap performer (taking the non-rapping role of promoter), and actor. He is perhaps best known as a one-time member and leader of 2 Live Crew, and star of his own short-lived show on VH1, Luke's Parental Advisory. As a result of one of the group's songs, which used a parody of Roy Orbison's "Oh, Pretty Woman", Campbell was party to Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., which was argued in front of the US Supreme Court.

Career

Early works

Born in Miami, Florida, Campbell's work as a performer can be characterized as Southern Rap; most of it is part of the Miami Bass subgenre. The sexual content of his group's lyrics caused controversy and led to legal cases. Usually, Campbell does not rap but rather shouts or chants—very often in a call and response manner, with him calling and the crowd responding. He was not an original member of the 2 Live Crew, only joining them after their first steps as a California rap crew. Only through Campbell did they become "Southern" rappers.

Campbell ran Luke Records, which shortened its name from Luke Skyywalker Records after George Lucas filed a legal case against them for infringing on the name of his Star Wars character, Luke Skywalker.

While working as a cook at Mt. Sinai Hospital in Miami Beach, Luke was also a concert promoter in Miami, bringing all the hot rap groups of the early 1980s to the city. In 1983, he enrolled in an 8-week study course at public radio station WDNA, learning basic audio editing and production techniques.

2 Live Crew

In 1985, 2 Live Crew's initial single (2 Live AKA Beat Box) was a smash hit on the South Florida club circuit, so Luke brought them from California to Miami for a performance. He took a special interest in the group and began managing them, and inserted himself into the group as their "hype man".

Luke's first solo LP, Banned in the USA, was a 2 Live Crew record just under the New "Luke" record label, yet he did not offer royalties to the group for creating the album; rather, a small flat fee was paid. When 2 Live Crew's contracts with Luke Records ended in 1991, the group's producer (and Luke Records' in-house producer for the entire label) Mr. Mixx left the group and returned to California. However, the group did decide to do a sequel to their biggest album. Initially, Luke employed the label's second string producers The O.D.S. to produce the album, but it was not turning into the group's vision, so David Chackler (then Luke's chief operating officer) recruited Mr. Mixx to return and produce the album as an independent producer (T-shirt and Khakis Productions).

However, by the time of the album's completion, they sought to make it appear as if the group was totally intact. Shortly after, all members of the group drew up a lawsuit against Luke for unpaid royalties, which member Fresh Kid Ice backed out of and revamped a new 2 Live Crew with Luke in 1994. A settlement was reached for the remaining plaintiffs. Hobbs and Ross sold their entire catalog, and rights to the 2 Live Crew tradename, to Luke Records and Campbell for a lump sum payment.

Solo career

Luke released a solo record (technically, his first) in 1991 entitled I Wanna Rock (also known as Doo Doo Brown), but he remained true to his call and response style rather than rapping, and hired outside producers. The song is seen as a pivotal point in Miami Bass, sparking what some call its third wave. He released it on the heels of the final 2 Live Crew album, going so far as to stop promotion on their album while the 2 Live Crew single "Pop that Coochie" was still rising up the charts. It is suggested that Luke wanted his solo song to be seen as the next 2 Live Crew single, despite not having rights to the group's name.

Lil Jon (who used to produce Miami Bass records) has a vocal style not too dissimilar from Luke—in any case, they both (normally) do not rap and use guest rappers. Crunk music may be seen as the heir of Campbell's brand of Miami bass—both lyrically and musically.

Luke's latest album, My Life & Freaky Times, was released in March 2006 and featured Trick Daddy, Petey Pablo, Jacki-O, Pitbull, Dirtbag, and Big Tigger to name a few. The first singles serviced to radio and the clubs from the compilation album were "Holla At Cha Homeboy", featuring Pitbull & Petey Pablo, and the reggaeton-leaning "Pop That" by Plan B and Rey Chester Secretweapon.[1]

Association with University of Miami Hurricanes

Campbell was also infamous in the late 1980s–early 1990s for his association with the University of Miami Hurricanes football team. Campbell was alleged to have been behind what was referred to as a "pay-for-play" system, which involved cash rewards for acts such as scoring touchdowns and big hits,[2] although Campbell has never actually donated to the University of Miami or its athletics department. In 1993, he also threatened to go public with various violations by University of Miami's athletic department, specifically their football program, if Ryan Collins, a black player, wasn't named their starting quarterback for that season.[3]

Campbell was interviewed about his involvement with the Miami Hurricanes for the documentary The U, which premiered December 12, 2009 on ESPN.

Other ventures

In 1994, Campbell co-founded Liberty City Optimists, an intercity youth sports program. One of his notable apprentices is Devonta Freeman, who went on to play college football for Florida State Seminoles, rival of the Hurricanes.[4]

Campbell appear in Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Stories as DJ Luke for the hip-hop station Fresh 105 FM. Campbell hosts a sports talk show on Miami's 790 The Ticket with former football player Terry Kirby on Saturdays.

Luke has recently entered the adult film industry and cites on his MySpace page the need to clean up the "sometimes amateurish new courtship of Hip-Hop and Adult Entertainment".[5] He produced the Adult Entertainment movie Luke's Bachelor Party in 2007.

In December 2007, Campbell launched The Luke Entertainment Group and took the company public trading under the symbol LKEN on Pink Sheets. As of September 3, 2008, its current price is $0.01 per share.[6] With this launching of Luke Entertainment Campbell had bought an oil company with the stock trading symbol of FPPL. Luther Campbell is also a legendary DJ member of The Worldwide DJ organization, The Core DJ's.

Personal life

Luther Campbell is of Jamaican and Bahamian ancestry and has three older brothers.[7][8] He has five children from four previous relationships. On July 19, 2008, he married then law school graduate Kristin Thompson in Dallas, Texas. She is the mother of his sixth child, and was brought up in Liberty City, Miami.

Campbell became a columnist for the Miami New Times[9] in February 2010. His column, Luke's Gospel,[10] provides "a forum for his crazy-ass views on current events," which include politics, sports and entertainment.

The New Times describes him as "the man whose booty-shaking madness once made the U.S. Supreme Court stand up for free speech".[11] He is quoted on the web site as saying: "It's the perfect place for me. I am a free-speech guy. It's just a match made in Heaven. Can you believe it? Me turned loose on the world in New Times. Wow."[12]

On February 2, 2011, Campbell announced his intention to run for mayor of Miami-Dade County on a platform that includes making housing projects safer, transparency in local government, and taxing strippers.[13] He came in fourth in a field of 11 candidates, winning 11% of the vote.[14] Campbell is a registered Democrat.[15]

In 2014, Campbell tweeted that he would be defensive coordinator for Miami Norland Senior High School in 2014.

Discography

Studio albums

Year Album Chart Positions
US US Hip-Hop
1990 The Luke LP 21 10
1992 I Got Shit on My Mind 52 20
1993 In the Nude 54 8
1994 Freak for Life 174 24
1996 Uncle Luke 51 8
1997 Changin' the Game - 49
2001 Somethin' Nasty 149 36
2006 My Life & Freaky Times - 35
2015 TBA - -
"—" denotes the album failed to chart or not released

Compilation albums

References

  1. ↑ Clark, Carlos (February 1, 2006). "2 Live Crew Member Tells All". CMJ. Retrieved March 12, 2006.
  2. ↑ "Cash Bounties Reported at Miami". May 21, 1994. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  3. ↑ "Rapper's Threats On Behalf Of Collins Trouble Qb's Dad". Sun Sentinel. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  4. ↑ "Devonta Freeman has unlikely, but inspiring mentor". YouTube. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  5. ↑ Luther Canpbell, Myspace.
  6. ↑ "LUKE ENTERTAINMENT (LKEN.PK)". Yahoo! Finance. Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  7. ↑ Jamaican Ancestry
  8. ↑ About Luther: Luther R. Campbell
  9. ↑ S. Pajot (November 25, 2014). "Miami New Times website". Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  10. ↑ "List of Campbell's columns on the Miami New Times website". Retrieved 26 November 2014.
  11. ↑ Luther Campbell (January 11, 2011). "Column, "Luke for Miami Mayor!" January 11, 2011". Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  12. ↑ Luther Campbell (February 23, 2010). ""Fire Heat coach Erik Spoelstra," February 25, 2010". Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  13. ↑ "It’s Official: Luther Campbell To Run For Mayor « CBS Miami". Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  14. ↑ "Dade - Election Results". Retrieved November 26, 2014.
  15. ↑ "Luther Rodrick Campbell Voting Record", FindTheData.

External links

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