Lulworthiaceae
| Lulworthiaceae | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Phylum: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Order: | Lulworthiales |
| Family: | Lulworthiaceae Kohlm. |
| Type genus | |
| Lulworthia G.K. Sutherl. | |
| Genera | |
|
Haloguignardia | |
The Lulworthiaceae are a family of marine fungi in the Ascomycota, class Sordariomycetes.[1] Species in the family have a widespread distribution in both temperate and tropical oceans, and are typically found growing on submerged wood or on seaweed.[2] In 2000, Molecular analysis of several species of Lulworthia and Lindra led to the reassignment of their parent genera to the new order Lulworthiales in addition to the new family Lulworthiaceae.[3]
History and taxonomy
The type genus Lulworthia was originally described in 1916 by George Kenneth Sutherland to contain the species Lulworthia fucicola, a fungus found on the seaweed commonly known as the bladder wrack at Lulworth on the coast of Dorset, UK.[4] The fungus has since been collected several times from submerged wood, but never again from the original algal host; it was subsequently reported that specimens found on wood were morphologically different from those originally described growing on algae.[5] Since the original specimens had deteriorated beyond use, a holotype was designated, using submerged-wood specimens found in Chile in 1984.[6]
The genus Rostrupiella was created in 2007 to contain the species Rostrupiella danica, a Lulworthia-like species collected on driftwood found along the Danish coast and from the northwestern coast of the USA.[7]
Description
The ascomata, roughly spherical to cylindrical in shape, may be either embedded in or on the material to which the fruit body is attached. Atop the ascomata is a small rounded process with an opening (an ostiole) through which ascospores may be released. The brown- to black-colored ascomata can be either leathery (coriaceous) or dark-colored and readily broken (carbonaceous). The internal structure of the ascomata, the centrum, is at first filled with a transparent pseudoparenchyma (a type of tissue made of hyphae that are twisted and matted together) dissolves upon reaching maturity. The Lulworthiaceae have ascospores that are both filamentous, and transparent.[3]
References
- ↑ Lumbsch TH, Huhndorf SM. (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet (Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany) 13: 1–58.
- ↑ Cannon PF, Kirk PM. (2007). Fungal Families of the World. Wallingford: CABI. pp. 194–95. ISBN 0-85199-827-5.
- 1 2 Kohlmeyer J, Spatafora JW, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B. (2000). "Lulworthiales, a new order of marine Ascomycota". Mycologia 92 (3): 453–58. doi:10.2307/3761504. JSTOR 3761504.
- ↑ Sutherland GK. (1916). "Additional notes on marine pyrenomycetes". Transactions of the British Mycological Society 5: 257–63. doi:10.1016/S0007-1536(14)80029-6.
- ↑ Kholmeyer J, Volkmann-Kohlmeyer B. (2000). "Illustrated key to the filamentous higher marine fungi". Botanic Marina 34: 1–61.
- ↑ Campbell J. (2005). "Neotypification of Lulworthia fucicola". Mycologia 97 (2): 549–51. doi:10.3852/mycologia.97.2.549. PMID 16396361.
- ↑ Koch J, Pang KL, Jones EBG. (2007). "Rostrupiella danica gen. et sp nov., a Lulworthia-like marine lignicolous species from Denmark and the USA". Botanic Marina 50 (5–6): 294–301. doi:10.1515/BOT.2007.034.