Lycaena

Lycaena
Lycaena virgaureae
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Lepidoptera
Family: Lycaenidae
Subfamily: Lycaeninae
Genus: Lycaena
Fabricius, 1807
Synonyms

Antipodolycaena Smart, 1975
Boldenaria Zhdanko, 1995
Chalceria Scudder, 1876
Chrysophanus Hübner, 1818 (rejected)
Chysoptera Zincken, 1817
Disparia Verity, 1943 (non Nagano, 1916: preoccupied
Epidemia Scudder, 1876
Helleia Verity, 1943
Heodes Dalman, 1816
Hermelycaena L.D.Miller & F.M.Brown, 1979
Hyllolycaena L.D.Miller & F.M.Brown, 1979
Loweia Tutt, 1906
Lycia Sodovskii, 1837 (non Hübner, 1825: preoccupied)
Migonitis Sodovskii, 1837 (non Rafinesque, 1815: preoccupied
"Palaeochrysophanus" Verity, 1934 (nomen nudum)
Palaeochrysophanus Verity, 1943
Palaeoloweia Verity, 1934
Rapsidia Sibatani, 1974
Rumicia Tutt, 1906
Tharsalea Scudder, 1876
Thersamolycaena Verity, 1957
Thersamonia Verity, 1919
and see text

Lycaena is a butterfly genus.The genus range is Holarctic, with the exception of four species found in New Zealand, two in South Africa, one in New Guinea and one in Java. It is commonly divided into several subgenera, such as Antipodolycaena. Many formerly independent genera are now subsumed within Lycaena; the genus Gaiedes may also belong here. Many of the subgenera, species-groups and species listed here may be synonyms.

Species

Listed alphabetically within groups:[1]

Subgenus Tharsalea Scudder, 1876:

Subgenus Chalceria Scudder, 1876:
The thaeides species-group:

  • Lycaena dione (Scudder, 1868)
  • Lycaena editha (Mead, 1878) – Edith's Copper California, Montana, Wyoming, Nevada
  • Lycaena gorgon (Boisduval, 1852) – Gorgon Copper Nevada, California, Oregon
  • Lycaena xanthoides (Boisduval, 1852) – Great Gray Copper California

The chalceria species-group:

  • Lycaena ferrisi Johnson & Balogh, 1977 – Ferris' Copper Arizona
  • Lycaena heteronea Boisduval, 1858 – Blue Copper
  • Lycaena rubidus (Behr, 1866) – Ruddy Copper

Subgenus Epidemia Scudder, 1876:
The hyllolycaena species-group:

The epidemia species-group:

Subgenus Hermelycaena Miller & Brown, 1979:

Subgenus Antipodolycaena Smart, 1975:

  • Lycaena boldenarum White, 1862 New Zealand
  • Lycaena feredayi (Bates, 1867) – Glade Copper
  • Lycaena rauparaha (Fereday, 1877) New Zealand
  • Lycaena salustius (Fabricius, 1793) – Common Copper

Unnamed subgenus:
The heodes species-group:

The palaeochrysophanus species-group:

  • Lycaena candens (Herrich-Schäffer, [1844]) South Europe, Caucasus, Transcaucasia
  • Lycaena hippothoe (Linnaeus, 1761) – Purple-edged Copper

Subgenus Lycaena Fabricius, 1807:
The helle species-group:

  • Lycaena helle ([Schiffermüller], 1775) – Violet Copper
  • Lycaena irmae Bailey, 1932 South Tibet
  • Lycaena li (Oberthür, 1886) West China
  • Lycaena ouang (Oberthür, 1891) Yunnan
  • Lycaena pang (Oberthür, 1886) West China, Tibet
  • Lycaena svenhedini (Nordström, 1935) China
  • Lycaena tseng (Oberthür, 1886) North Burma to West China

The phlaeas species-group:

The thersamolycaena species-group:

  • Lycaena aeolus Wyatt, 1961 West Pamirs, Afghanistan
  • Lycaena aeolides (Churkin, 1999) Gissar Range, Central Asia
  • Lycaena alciphron (Rottemburg, 1775) – Purple-shot Copper
  • Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1802) – Large Copper
  • Lycaena splendens (Staudinger, 1881) Dzhungarsky Alatau, Tian-Shan (Central Asia)
  • Lycaena violaceus (Staudinger, 1892)

The thersamonia species-group:

  • Lycaena aditya (Moore, [1875]) West Pamirs, Afghanistan, Pakistan, North India
  • Lycaena alaica (Grum-Grshimailo, 1888) Pamirs-Alai, Gissar ange , North east Afghanistan
  • Lycaena alpherakyi (Grum-Grshimailo, 1888) East Pamirs, Northwest China
  • Lycaena attila (Zhdanko, 1990) Zaalaisky mountains (Trans-Ili Alatau) Central Asia
  • Lycaena asabinus (Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) Turkey, Transcaucasia, Iran, Armenia
  • Lycaena hyrcana (Neuburger, 1903) North Iran to Central Asia
  • Lycaena kurdistanica (Riley, 1921) Armenia, Northeast Turkey, West Iran
  • Lycaena lampon Lederer, [1870] Kopet-Dagh, Southeast Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan
  • Lycaena ochimus (Herrich-Schäffer, [1851]) Transcaucasia, Armenia, Caucasus Minor, Turkey, Syria, Lebanon, Talysh Mountains (Iran - Azerbaijan)
  • Lycaena phoebus (Blachier, 1905) – Moroccan Copper Morocco
  • Lycaena solskyi Erschoff, 1874 Pamirs to Alay Mountains, Gissar Range, Darvaz, Tian-Shan, Kashmir, Samarkand
  • Lycaena thersamon (Esper, 1784) – Lesser Fiery Copper
  • Lycaena thetis Klug, 1834 – Fiery Copper or Golden Copper

The phoenicurusia species-group:

  • Lycaena margelanica (Staudinger, 1881) South Tajikistan to Tien-Shan, Gissar Range, Darvaz, Alay, West Pamir Babatag, Karatau, Teriklitau, Rangontau, Zailiisky Alatau, Lake Issyk-Kul mountains

The hyrcanana species-group:

  • Lycaena caspius (Lederer, 1869) Kopet-Dagh,Gissar Range, North Iran, Afghanistan
  • Lycaena ophion Hemming, 1933 Kopet-Dagh, Gissar Range to Darvaz Tadzhikistan
  • Lycaena pamira (Nekrutenko, 1983)
  • Lycaena sartha (Staudinger, 1886) Gissar Range to Darvaz, Pamirs to Alay mountains, Northeast Afghanistan
  • Lycaena sultan (Lang, 1884) West Gissar Range (Zeravshansky, Ghissarsky, Baisuntau, Fanskie)

Unknown species group:

  • Lycaena bathinia Snellen, 1899 dubious Java
  • Lycaena clarki Dickson, 1971 – Eastern Sorrel Copper
  • Lycaena evansii (de Nicéville, 1902) Kashmir, Chitral
  • Lycaena kasyapa (Moore, 1865) – Green Copper
  • Lycaena orbitulus (Esper, 1800) – Greenish Mountain Blue
  • Lycaena orus (Stoll, [1780]) – Western Sorrel Copper
  • Lycaena ottomanus (Lefèbvre, 1830)
  • Lycaena pallida Miskin, 1891 New Guinea
  • Lycaena panava (Westwood, 1852)
  • Lycaena pavana (Kollar, [1844]) – White-bordered Copper North India
  • Lycaena standfussi (Grum-Grshimailo, 1891) West China, Tibet
  • Lycaena susanus (Swinhoe, 1889) Baluchistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan
  • Lycaena tityrus Poda, 1761 – Sooty Copper
  • Lycaena virgaureae (Linnaeus, 1758) – Scarce Copper
  • Lycaena younghusbandi Elwes, 1906
  • Lycaena zariaspa (Moore, 1874) West Himalayas, Kashmir, Northwest India

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lycaena.
Wikispecies has information related to: Lycaena
  1. Lycaena, funet.fi

External links


This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the Wednesday, July 15, 2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.